A DEFENSIVE DECLARATION OF Lieut. Col. John Lilburn, Against the unjust sentence of his banishment, by the late Parlia­ment of England; directed in an Epistle from his house in Bridges in Flanders, May 14. 1653. (Dutch or new still, or the 4 of may 1653. Eng­lish or old stile) To his Excellency the Lord General Cromwell, and the rest of the Officers of his Army, commonly sitting in White-hall in Councel, managing the present affairs of England, &c. Unto which is an­nexed, an additional appendix directed from the said Leut. Col. John Lilburn, to his Excellency, and his Officers, occasioned by his present im­prisonment in Newgate; and some groundless scandals, for being an agent of the present King, cast upon him by some great persons at White­hall, upon the delivery of his third Address (to the counsel of State, by his wife and several other of his friends) dated from his captivity in Newgate the 20 of June 1653.

MY Lord and honored Gentlemen.

Having seen nothing abroad in print to declare that title that you would have people give you that address themselves to you, I must therefore crave your pardon, if through ignorance I do not exactly give you (being my self in a foraigne nation, at so far a distance from you) that title that is usually given unto you; for upon my word and reputation, my present designe is to write with all respect unto you; wherefore, I crave leave truly to inform you, that by the sudden and unexpected arrival of my endeared (though greatly afflicted) wife, with me yesternight. I am by her certainly informed of the total dissolution of the Parliament, with [Page 2]the necessity of your assuming to your selves the power of the Nati­on, with large and serious promises from you, of doing it real good and healing it's rents, breaches, hazards, and dangerous divisions, by setting it at real liberty and freedome, founded upon the true prin­ciples of reason, common equity, righteousness and justice: 'at the sight of which in truth and verity, my heart should more truly rejoyce, then at the enjoying of all earthly riches and honour, that possible it can be imagined the whole world can afford to me parti­cularly; And also, she very much incourages me to believe, that if I can obtaine your pass, faith, or ingagement for my safe and free returning into England, and remaining there (which she with con­fidence assures me, by vertue of this letter thus penned, and her negotiations thereupon, speedily to procure from you) I may with confidence rest upon it. In which consideration, most noble and worthy gentlemen, vouchsafe me, without distast I beseech you, li­berty, truly to acquaint you, That by the late Parliaments Votes of the 15. of January last was twelve Months I was fined seven thousand pound to Sir Arthur Haselridge, &c. to be banished out of England, and its territories for ever, and never to return in­to any of them againe, upon pain of death; but if I do, I am to dye as a fellon without mercy, and upon pain of death to be gone within thirty dayes after the said 15 of Januarie; And by their Act of the 30 of the same moneth, all persons are declared ac­cessary of Fellony, after the fact, that shall relieve, harbour or conceal me in England, or any of its territories, after the expirati­on of 20 dayes after the said 15 of January, the said day that the judgement of my banishment was past against me, & the harbors all stopt, that none should pass without a pass. And yet, though I went to the Speaker Master Lenthal, at his own house, and with all the earnestness and importunity that my tongue possibly could ex­press to him, begged a pass of him, as for my life, but it was a­gain and again absolutely by him denied me; So that I ran appa­rent hazards of being hanged in England before I could get away, forwant of a pass to go into my banishment.

For at Dover, the Maior of that Corporation, absolutely and re­solutely denied to let me go without a pass, although I had been at the charges to carry thither from London with me several witnesses, judicially to depose upon their oaths, that I was the individual [Page 3]Lieut. Col. John Lilburn mentioned and named in my banishing votes, which were publikely printed by special order of the Parlia­ment, one of which copies I then delivered to him (till his wife (a meer stranger to me) and one that to my knowledge I had never seen before) upon my mournful expostulation with him, burst out into crying, and begged and desired of her husband to let me pass; and rather, by so doing, to run the hazard of his own ruine, then of my apparent death by his means. And all this is done unto me, I do here solemnly avow it (and dare ingage with the utmost hazard of life, judicially legally, fully, and evidently to make it good) without any the least shadow af law, reason, justice, con­science, or provocation; without so much, as ever laying any pre­tence of a crime unto my charge, or ever letting me know my ac­cuser, or any accusation, or ever by sending forth any manner of process of law, calling me to any answer whatsoever; or ever permitting me (though in the face of the Parliament sitting I most earnestly prest it and desired it, upon the twentieth of Jan. being the very day that by their fifth vote past against me, I was called to their bar to hear their sentence read to me) to speak so much as one word in my own defence, or expressing any manner of cause in my fore­said banishing votes, either general or particular, wherefore they so banished and fined me seven thousand pound. The foresaid Act of the thirtieth of January (past also against me) was made af­ter it was publickly known I was upon my journy to Dover, to go into my banishment; and yet that Act expresseth no particular crime, in the least in law, against me, but onely generals, which by the law of England and the Armyes Declaration signifie nothing. 2 Part Cooks Inst. fol. 52, 53, 315, 318, 591, 615, 616. and 1. part of the Parliaments book of Declarations, p. 38, 77 201, 845, and the votes upon the impeached 11 Members: see the Petition of Right, and the late act that abolished the Star-chamber, and those excellent printed arguments upon the Writ of Habeas Corpus, in the Court of Kings Bench, in the Case of Sir John Eliot and o­ther Parliament-men committed to prison in the third of King Charles. The unparallel'd strangeness, and high injustice of which sentence (by no laws of nature, rules of reason, nor foundations of English government can no way (I am confident) be justified (nor any man that had really a finger or vote in causing or [Page 4]procuring of it) by any man indued either with one grain of honor, true understanding, conscience, or common honesty; the justificati­on of my own innocency, and every way causeless suffering in every particular, against that most unrighteous sentence, I dare venture my life to the uttermost hazard, to justifie, and vindicate fully against the learnedest, ablest, or rationalest writer, or lawyer in England, that shall in the least open his mouth in the defence of that Sen­tence; which yet, with all respect I leave to you further to judge of.

And yet by vertue of this very Sentence, Sir Arthur Haselridge many weeks since hath actually seized, and is actually possessed by his tenents or other agents of all my land, and corn sown upon the ground, & turned all my servants out of house and home. By means of which sentence, I being but a new beginner (by reason of my many, and long continued chargeable troubles and imprisonments) to take root in any outward settlement in the world, for the future subsist­ance of me, my wife, and helpless little babes: I have been already so destroyed in my estate, as that really and truly, I am already several thousands of pounds damnified thereby, besides all the constant hazards of my life; And already I profess, bona fide, as in the presence of God exposed to so great straights (which till now, for my own reputation sake, I never durst divulge) as that I have already been forced in a land of strangers, for many moneths together, to borrow here every peny that bought me [...]ead, while my wife in England, for the subsistance of her & our children being forced to sell a great part of her houshold-stuffe, and to pawn other of it, yet unredeemed; and also to borrow several sums of money of her friends, being in point of payment of moneys unto her so dealt with, by almost all persons in a manner, that she may justly say, they have dealt unhonestly and unworthily with her, they taking advan­tage of my absence, and great afflictions; yea to procure money to buy her, and her poor young babes bread she hath already been necessi­tated to part with my interest in one house in London, for one hundred thirty five pounds, that stands me in much above three hundred pounds, and yet by my Landlord of that house, being one of that most corrupt tribe of Lawyers, is basely, unconscionably, and unworthily dealt with, by reason of which, a great part of the said [Page 5]one hundred thirty five pound is kept from her. And yet, all this put together, is the least of my present sad affliction and banish­ment.

For at Dover was clapt upon me a spye, a Rogue, called Cap­taine Wendy Oxford, who had stood upon the Pillory for wilful perjury, in two several places; and yet at the same time was hired and pensioned by Master Thomas Scott Sir Arthur Hasel­ridges bosome and most indeared friend; who hath held a con­stant (though many wayes, seemingly disguised) correspondency, with the perjured Rogue Oxford ever since; as to Master Scotts face, I am able still, in a great measure, to prove, and allowed him vast sums of money therefore; of the payment of some of which, much more then circumstantial, I am able to bring proof: And which Oxford hath had a dispensation from the said Master Scott (or at least hath made it his practice) to fall down upon his knees, with his dublet and hat on the floor, to drink healths to the dam­nation and confusion of the Parliament and Army (as I have been informed by one of his own Comrades) even during the receipt of his well paid, large Pension from Master Scott; in which time also he hath avowedly writ, and caused to be printed several books, with his name to them, proclaiming in foraigne Nations, the Army and Parliament traytors against the King; and vigorous­ly excited and stirred up all the Princes of Europe, to joyn together in one body, and by force of arms to cut them in peeces, as a pack of the grandest traitors and tyrants that ever breathed in the world; and who to his knowledge had their agents in all the Kingdomes of Europe, to stir up their subjects against their Sove­raigns, and to reduce their Kingdomes into Commonwealths or An­archies: but the maine and evident scope of all his said books, and constant plotted dissembling devises and actions being principally to exasperate the body of the mad or Ranting Cavaliers in these parts, to cut my throat, as the present greatest enemy the present King, or his Father ever had in the world.

And yet, at the same time, or under the same employment of M. Scot, &c. hath writ over to the said Mr. Scot I was become a Cavalier, or at least a mighty great man with the chief leaders of the Kings party here, whose Agent or Agents of Sir Arthur Haslerig and Mr. Scot, even at Parliaments, Committees, (or [Page 6]Committee) have made their open and proclaimed use of it; to the great and extraordinary detriment of me, and my friends and Clyents, that had business of many thousand pounds consequence, then depending, and in actual agitation before the said Committee, or Committees.

By means of which, with much more of as dangerous and sad nature to me, that I am able, if it were now fit, most truly to relate, all my brains, valour, and mettle hath been scarce able several times to preserve my life, from the murderous hands of the various plots, and wicked contrivances of Mr. Scots known Agents, and their greatly deluded, credulous accomplices, the pistol of some of whom, viz. Hugh Rily, a common reputed Irish Rebel, and lately a piece of a Quarter-master-General to Sir Charls Lucas in Colchester, whose tyranny the said Rily exercised, as I am credibly informed, upon abundance of people in Colchester, and particularly upon his Landlord Mr. Beakon; and which Rily for his most villanous roguery, cheating, cozening, treachery, and running from one side to another, hath several times hardly escaped hanging in Flanders, &c. beyond Seas, as I have for certain been informed by some of his own Country-men, and Associates at Colchester, from whose mouth, especial in the particular of treachery, I have heard so much vildness related by them of him, as I never in all my days heard of one man; and yet this very man is one of Mr. Scots great Agents and Negotiators beyond the Seas, to promote the inte­rest and freedom of Englands Commonwealth; though Job saith, of such most wicked and profane men, he would not set them with the dogs of his flock; and righteous Paul saith. The damnation of such men is just, that say (as Mr. Scot constantly practises) they must do evil that good may come of it; all such vile, dissembling, wicked actions, having no foundation at all from God, or his Volumn of Truth, but from the devil and his Machiavilian principles, which are notably, excellently, and politickly described by that subtile wise man Nicholas Machiavel, his most rememorable book called his Prince, in his whole 18 chapter, extreamly well worth reading and taking special notice of: and yet as my wife informs me, the said wicked Hugh Rily hath lately to the Councel of State, (by Mr. Scots instigation as I imagine) presented a strange, lying, and false Petition against me, a copy of which I know not how to come by, to return [Page 7]an answer to; and therefore do humbly intreat your honours joyntly or several, to help me to a true copy of the said Petition, that so in the face of the Sun I may be freely admitted to make my just defence against it, truth hating holes and corners; with most bitter and fearful oaths immediately to kill me, hath several times been almost even at my very breast and that without any real provocation.

Yea, and Mrs Oxford (a common notorious reputed whore) and who commonly passeth once every month, for above these twelve months together, betwixt her husband (the said Captain Wendy Oxford) from Amsterdam and Delfe, to and from Mr. Thomas Scot at White-hall, hath from time to time avowed to several persons (from whom I have my relations) that I am confident will justifie it, that if all the interest she had in the world, would get me pistolled or stab'd, she would have it done, having (as from several I have been informed) boasted, that she hath already, on purpose brought with her into Flanders, several stout men to do it, and to dispatch me; yea even at Dunkirk about fourteen days ago (being newly come from White-hall, from Mr. Scot) she vowed, protested and swore, and most bitterly damn'd her self to the pit of hell, to the very face of an acquaintance and friend of mine, that if by any of all the hands, of all the friends she had in the world, she could get me pistolled or stab'd, it should speedily be done; or if by any other ways and means that she could invent, she could get me murdered, it should undoubtedly and speedily be done. All which murdering conspiracies, I have too much ground and cause really to believe, doth most wickedly take its ori­ginal, true, and malicious cowardly rise from Mr. Scot, and Sir Arthur Haslerig, the former and often practices of both of them a­gainst me, even in this very kinde, hath been as wicked, bloody, treacherous, and barbarous, even while I was in England, as in a great measure I am able truly to evince, and punctually demon­strate.

All which seriously considered, I humbly, and earnestly entreat you, to cast a just, favourable, speedy, and compassionate eye, upon my causless, unjust, and sad suffering condition (being constantly in a strange land,) by reason of the wicked, and cowardly plots and devices aforesaid, of Mr. Scot, (Sir Arthur Haslerig his grand and most indeared friend) accompanied with constant [...]d daily [Page 8]hazards of death, and to afford me such speedy, and effectual re­medy, and deliverance from it, as your present exercised power, will best enable you with; and particularly, that you will immedi­ately give such a Pass, and such security for my speedy, free, and safe returning into the Land of my Nativity, and there to live in secu­rity, from the hazard of all or any part of my aforesaid sentence, or any actions done depending thereupon, as may be ground of secu­rity and confidence, unto my faithful and beloved friends, Major General John Lambert, Colonel Bennet, late a Member of Par­liament, Colonel Thomas Pride, Mr. Henry Duel my Father in law, Mr. Feake, and Mr. Powel, Ministers or publike preachers, Mr. William Walwin, Mr. Thomas Prince, Mr. William Kiffin, Mr. Boulton, Mr. George VVard, Citizens of London, and Clement Oxenbridge Esquire, or the major part of them, with your Passe, to send me under their hands, their encouragement, that I may freely with security of my life, from any danger, by reason of any action whatsoever, depending upon the said sentence, return into England; for which favour I shall judge my self obliged to remain,

My Lord, and Noble Gentlemen,
Your obliged friend, in all just and righteous ways, heartily to serve you, JOHN LILBƲRN.

An Additionall Appendix by the penner of the foregoing Address.

MY Lord and honored Gentlemen, it hath been my hard fortune often to be misunderstood by divers of you, and which I am confident of it, many times hath principally flowed from the cunning and in [...]inuating artifice of corrupt persons with­out you, whose own particular guilt and fear, required them for their own safety to calumniate and asperse me, and to do the ut­most that in them lay, to set you, or some of the chiefest of you, and me together by the ears, and such was some of their mischie­vous practises even with his Excellency himself, at his late being at Scotland, which made and compell'd me after the battel of Wor­cester, to wait upon his honor at his own house in the Cock-pit, who very well knows he was pleased to honor me so far, and to take me with himself into a Gallery, where without a third per­son present, his Excellency very well knows, we had hand to hand above an hours friendly and rationall discourse, at the beginning of which discourse, I do verily believe his Excellency cannot chuse but very well remember I expressed my self unto him in this man­ner: My Lord, with all respect and sincerity of heart I am come to wait upon you, and humbly to beg that honor from you, that you would vouchsafe to give me leave a little friendly to speak with you, which being with all willingnesse granted by his Excel­lency, I proceeded to this effect; my Lord, through misapprehen­sions, and a kind of partaking in other mens quarrells, you and I have for some time by past, been ingaged in severall disgusts a­gainst each other, although my Lord I think a greater and realler familiarity could not possibly be betwixt two friends, then was betwixt your honor and my selfe, in the years 1643. 1644. 1645. and part of 1646.

And at your late going to Scotland, and my self accompanying you 25. miles on your journey, (by reason of a very great Obliga­tion you had put upon me in the Parliament House and Councell of State the day before) there seemed to be a very solemn and [Page 10]friendly reconciliation betwixt us, which on my part hath beene faithfully, honestly, and justly ever since, both privately and pub­likely, inviolably kept and preserved, to your honors very great advantage and safety; and yet notwithstanding from Scotland, &c. by severall of my friends I have been often informed, that Mr. Scot, and others at White-Hall hath writ severall Letters to you, and therein informed you, that I was a mannaging, and had joyned in destructive designs against you and the Army with the Kings Party, in which regard I have judged my selfe obliged in conscience and duty to my own safety, to wait upon your Excel­lency, and face to face to aver unto you, upon my reputation and credit, that I am absolutely free in any kind, either directly or in­directly, of doing the least action that may give you distast, or be prejudiciall in any kind to your interest; and therefore doe most humbly and earnestly entreat you, to do your selfe that Right, and me that Justice, as to call Mr. Scot, or any other that hath endea­voured to accuse me to you (and thereby to incens [...] your indigna­tion against me) face to face, that so I may speak for my self; and my Lord, if either Mr. Scot, or any other can accuse me justly in the least, as being guilty of any one action of disservice unto you, since the day of our said solemn reconciliation, let me for ever be esteemed by you the veriest false trecherous Rogue and Villain in the world, at the saying of which, his Lordship was pleased to say, he had not the least ground of disgust or distast against me, but that I stood right in his affection, and he should be ready to do me any office of love.

On which I told him I was the more induced to do this, be­cause Mr. Scot being Secretary of State, (which being one of the greatest places of trust in the Nation) I could not but judge there­by, he was very deep in his Excellencies favour, and therefore might have more then an ordinary influence upon him, and there­by the more able to do me a mischief, and I was sure he had will enough unto it, forasmuch as I was able to prove it to his face, while I was a prisoner in the Tower in 1649. he had made it his work to hire an Agent, my great pretended friend, with great sums of money, to come and perswade me in my then great dis­contents, by reason of my sad sufferings, to write Letters to the King of Scots at Jersey, and send them by his said Agent, that so I might be drawn into a treasonable snare, thereby to lose my [Page 11]life; and having had much private discourse with his said Agent, and easily perceiving his drift, I was through the goodnesse of God too hard for him; whereupon he and Mr. Scot failing of their wicked and bloudy ends in getting any Letters from me, he the said Agent alone, or joyned with Mr. Scot, as I have too appa­rent grounds to judge, hereupon counterfeited my hand, and feigned and produced severall false Letters of mine, intercepted, as was pretended, that I had writ to the King of Scots: For my old friend Mr. Cornelius Holland avowed with a great deal of se­riousnesse to my wife then familiar with him, that he knew my hand as well as his own, & if ever he saw my hand in his life, those Letters of mine that they had to produce against me, which he said I had lately writ to the King of Scots to Jersey, was every word my own individuall hand, and he was very sorry that I, who for my honesty he had so highly esteemed, should be so A­postatized from all my principalls, as to turne my back of God, and of his people, and the cause of the Commonwealth, and to joyne with their grand enemy the King, to destroy them all.

And the Lord Bradshaw averred the substance of this to [...] very good friend of mine, a Knight; upon the knowledge of which, I did confidently, truly, and solemnly avow, I never writ a line in my life to the King, nor was no more directly nor indirectly in combination with him, then Mr. Holland, or the Lord Bradshaw themselves; whereupon after I was calumniated by M. Scots means all over City & Country, to be an absolute Agent of the King, and threatned a little before my triall at Guild-Hall, to be tried for my life thereupon, yet upon my resolute and true averments, this cheat vanished as smoke, so that Sir by this you may see Mr. Scot wants no will to do me mischief, therefore for time to come I beseech your Excellency not to believe any of his tales against me in his future endeavouring to make again debate and strife be­twixt your honor and my self, but upon all his information against me, before they receive belief with you, call me face to face to speak for my selfe, which his Excellency solemnly promised he would do.

Whereupon in the second place I expressed my selfe in this manner to his honor; my Lord, I crave your favour to speak a few words further unto you, which being granted, I went on to this effect, My Lord, there hath been in my late imprisonment [Page 12]much differences betwixt Sir Arthur Haslerig and my self, occa­sioned by his taking from me, by his will and pleasure, without shadow of Law, or authority of any in power, about 2500. l. of my own proper money, and besides, prosecuting to take away my life with that eagernesse and vilenesse that he did, and that by ig­noble and unworthy means; and now my Lord there is a great contest betwixt him and my Family, whom [...]ruly I cannot but say he most unjustly endeavours to extirpate out of their countrey, and from my Unkle and others of his friends, he hath already by his will and pleasure, without Law or reason, taken a Colliery worth, as Sir Arthur himself saith 5000. l. per annum, and I know my Lord, Sir Arthur is a man very dear unto you in your affecti­ons, and in regard the businesse is like to come to a very high contest, and I as a Counsellor against Sir Arthur am like to the ut­most to be ingaged in it; therefore least your honor should judge I contest with Sir Arthur upon any old score of reflection upon him as your Lordships friend, or any the least design to occasion any disturbance, I am come to wait upon your honor, on set pur­pose, to take out of your mind all or the least apprehension or conceipt of any disgust remaining in my heart against your ho­nor, and to let you clearly know, my thoughts are fully fixed with as much respect upon your Excellency as its possible for a mans to be; and therefore I am come to offer this unto your ho­nor, that seeing Sir Arthur Haslerig is your great friend, and see­ing we judge our cause in contest with him so just and righteous as we do, I humbly and seriously profer this unto your honor, that if Sir Arthur pleaseth absolutely to refer the finall judgment of the cause unto your Excellencies sole judgment, and bind him­self in a bond of twenty thousand pounds, finally to stand to your determinate and sole judgment, I will ingage my friends shall enter into as great bonds, upon your Lordships full hearing of the cause on both sides, to stand to, and finally to acquiesce, without further dispute, in his honors judgment, for which his Lordship very much commended my ingenuity, and my honora­ble respect to himself and his integrity, so absolutely to put our selves in a cause of so great consequence into his hands, but with­all told me, he understood the cause was long, and he had many weighty affaires upon his hands, which would by no meanes af­ford him so much time as to hear so long a cause as he believed [Page 13]that was, unto which I replied to this effect; then my Lord, be­cause I will absolutely leave you without the least starting hole, or any the least ground to harbour any disgust in your breast a­gainst me, for my zealous appearing in this Colliery businesse a­gainst Sir Arthur Haslerig, over whom I know you have a kind of friendly command; and therefore seeing you will not undertake to be Judge in the case your self, in the second place, although Sir Arthur be a great man, and a Parliament-man besides, and also a great Military Officer under you, and none of those for whom I am ingaged against him in any of those capacities or qualificati­ons, yet to shew and fully hold out to your honor our own ho­nest, just, and peaceable intentions. I say in the second place, on the behalfe of my said friends, in reference to the said Colliery, I offer this, that if your Lordship please to ingage Sir Arthur Haslerig to make a finall and fair end of it without too much heat and contest, that if he please to chuse two Parliament men, or two Officers of the Army, out of those of either sort which he leaves we will chuse two more, and bind our selves finally in the said bonds of twenty thousand pounds, to stand, and abide their finall Judgment in the case, and therein absolutely to acquiesce, pro­vided that in regard they being an even number, there might be two and two in opinion opposite to each other, that therefore in such things as they shall not fully agree in, his Lordship should be finall Umpire, which profer his honor highly commended for so much ingenuity, that he was highly taken with it, and promised effectually to speak to Sir Arthur about it, which yet produced no other healing effect in the least, but my banishment.

Which being upon such hard and cruell terms, as is before tru­ly expressed, and my life beyond the Seas in a constant and per­petuall hazzard and danger, and that principally by Mr. Scots means, Sir Arthur Haslerigs indeared and bosome friend, who by his large pentioned Agents, and particularly by that notorious convicted perjured rogue, Capt. Wendy Oxford, whom I have too much cause confidently to believe, he got set in the Pillory, and banished, out of design to go over with me, and put him in the more disguise, the more securely to get me murdered in our tra­vells together, who I am able to prove hath ever since been in a constant pentioned correspondency with the said M. Scot, and the said Oxfords wife, or whore, as she is commonly reputed, hath [Page 14]constantly and commonly once a moneth, past and repast, be­twixt the said Oxford and Mr. Scot, on purpose to plot and con­trive, as I have too apparent cause to judge, my murder, ruine, and destruction, the said perjured rogue Oxford, having constant­ly and apparently ever since my banishment made it his work in Holland, first by discourses and printed papers with his name to them, to make the people of Holland believe my banishment was but a counterfeit, a jugling and dissembling fictious thing, out of design, that so I might be the more serviceable to the General, or my brother Traytors at Westminster, as in his printed books he calls me and them, that so the people in Holland might beat my brains out as a rogue, and one of the Generalls or Parliaments chief Spies.

2. By his discourses and printed papers, he hath constantly made it his work to incense the whole Body of the Kings Party beyond the Seas against me, constantly averring, that I have been the only principall man that imbroyled the three Nations in war, that murdered the King, and altered the Government into a Commonwealth, and have destroyed the King, his Queen, and Posterity, with the Nobility and Gentry, by means of which my life hath been in a constant and perpetuall danger to be taken from me, especially by the rasher and madder sort of the Kings Party.

To counterbalance these two destructive evills and mischiefes against me, and my life, I have had no other way under God to preserve my life, but these two wayes:

First by discourses and print beyond the Seas, to make it evi­dent and apparent to the people there, that my banishment was a reall thing, and no fiction in the least, and that I was so far from being a Spy for the Generall, that I had grounded cause to look upon him as the capitallest Adversary I had in the whole world, because as my information told me before I left England, that by one of his own Favorites, who was then constantly at his elbow, that notwithstanding all the fore-recited fair out-side carriage, my banishment was divers daies before it was declared by Parlia­ment agreed on by the Generall himselfe, and a cabal of Parlia­ment-men in the Generalls own private Chamber.

And secondly, an information before my wife by some that sate in the House, and heard, and diligently observed the whole [Page 15]carriage of my banishment, told me, that the Generall upon that Tuesday that I was called to the Bar, to hear their sentence read to me (being the very day that my honest and faithfull Citizen friends delivered their Petition to the Parliament against the in­justice of their own banishing Votes) appeared openly in the House as the grand and principall man that caused me to be ba­nished, in all which regards and considerations, I was then of o­pinion, and yet am not fully altered, that I had just cause to write, and speak as evill of the Generall, as my tongue or pen could in­vent; and I confesse I did it, and do appeal to all unbyassed men amongst your selves, what lesse the godliest, meekest, and moderatest amongst you would have done, all circumstances considered, had you been in my most desperate and sad conditi­on, daily and hourly incompassed round with the plotted and contrived designs of murder and death, by the pentioned Agents of the Secretary of State; Mr. Scot, who was great in favour even with the Generalls Excellency himself.

The second main thing that I had under God, in reason, ho­nestly, or policy to preserve my life, was in all the just and honest ways I could to fall into a friendly familiarity with the ration­allest and principallest of the Kings Party that lived in the parts where I lived, and accordingly I did, and was very familiar with the Lord Percy, the Lord Hopton, the Lord Culp [...]pper, the Bishop of London Derry (a wise and shrewd blunt man) and the Duke of Buckingh [...]m, with all of whom, or the highest ranting Cavalier I met with, upon all occasions of discourse whatsoever, I alwayes maintained my own principalls, that at the first I ingaged with in the Parliaments quarrel against the late King, viz. unlimited Re­gall Prerogative, and Parliaments unknown unfathomable pri­viledges; and with whom, or any other of the Kings Party, either directly or indirectly, I never in the least (I speak it as in the pre­sence of the Lord God Almighty, that knows the secretest thoughts of the hears of the sons of men) in all my daies, from the beginning of the war to this hour, entered into the least con­tract, agreement, oath, or confederacy, to be his Agent, or to ad­vance his ends or interests, and am as totally ignorant as a young child of the particulars of any present designs of his, negotiated in England, Scotland, or Ireland, and never in all my daies held a­ny Counsells with them, or any of them, for the mannaging of [Page 16]the Kings designs against the interest and welfare of the Land of my Nativity; and in all my actions and carriages beyond the Seas, in my cruell banishment, I have been to the utmost of my power, understanding, ability, as constant, as studious and industrious a reall well-wisher to the prosperity of the people of England in generall, as ever I was in my life, and I appeal to a late published Letter of mine to Col Henry Martin, as a part of my justification in this averment.

And as for George Lord Duke of Buckingham, with whom I was the most conversant, I was again and again importuned by the said Captain Wendy Oxford thereunto, our first meeting, or seeing one anothers faces, being at the said Captain Wendy Ox­fords Chamber in Amsterdam, where we all three dined together, and the Duke and my self had a very large and private discourse about his own particular individuall businesse, he craving my best advise, how he might the most rationall, expeditious, and ho­norable way he could, make his peace in England, and returne thither to breath in the Ayre of the Land of his Nativity, which ne avowed he loved above all places in the world, and was ready and willing to do any thing that the present power in England could require of a man, that had either a grain of honor or hone­sty in him, and to give them any security to the utmost of his power for his future quiet, and peaceable living under their Go­vernment; for the accomplishment of which end I gave him ma­ny reasons to believe that his onely way was to make a sure and firm friend to his Excellency the Lord General Cromwel, in order unto which I advised him to deale with Captain Wendy Oxford, who was a Mercenary fellow, and whom I gave him abundance of reasons to believe, was very great with Mr. Thomas Scot Secre­tary of State, who I confidently then averred to him was extra­ordinary great with his Excellency the Lord Generall Cromwel, and accordingly the said Duke of Buckingham followed my ad­vise, and large instructions in that particular, and entered into a contract with the said Oxford to obtain his passe, who to my cer­tain knowledge negotiated it, both by Letter to his said wife (or commonly reputed Whore) with Mr. Scot, for divers weeks and moneths together, and the said Mr. Scot sent over to the said Ox­ford a Passe, at the said Oxfords earnest desire, to come from Hol­land to England to speak with him the said Mr. Scot, about the [Page 17]said business; which Pass, as I was told by a Merchant, that in Oxfords hand see it, the said Oxford was possessor of: but it being accidentally seen in Oxfords hands, by some Cavaliers who were drinking hard, and ranting it with the said Oxford, he judged it his safety and policy immedi­ately to tear and burn it; and immediately to fall a cursing and swearing at the Parliament and Army, and to call them Rogues, Traytors, and Vil­lains, and to with all the plagues of Heaven and earth to fall upon them, for their destruction and damnation. And which said Oxford received several sums of money of the said Duke of Buckingham to negotiate his bu­siness with the said Mr. Sco [...], to procure his Pass to come into England: and as I have been credibly informed from Col. Leighton, then belonging to the Duke of Buckingham, and then fully privy to all the said negotia­tions: the said Oxford with Mr. Scot brought his desired Pass to that per­fection, that if he the said Duke would truly declare all the discourse he had with me at Amsterdam, he should have his Pass; but the Duke having at our very first meeting ingaged his word and honour to me, that his and my discourse together should not be divulged without my con­sent, and according to my instructions refused to tell Mr. Scot the same, and so failed of his then obtaining his Pass; and thereupon sent his friend Col. Leighton with a Letter, and full instructions immediately to his Excel­lency the Lord General Cromwel to procure his extraordinary much de­sired Pass; and the said Col. Leighton had with his Excellency and the then counsel of State many debates about it, as the said Col. fully and particularly at his coming into Flanders told me at Ostend, and Bridges, the place of my then habitation; and this business, and the debating from time to time of the honest and just ways and means how to pro­cure the said desired Pass, for the said Duke, was the true and reall ground of the Duke of Buckinghams and my many converses together ever since our first knowledge each of other: unto whom I must most truly and faithfully say this, That I do as immediately and instrumently owe my life and being to him, as ever David ought his to Jonathan: his pow­erful influence among the desperate Cavaliers, being such, as that instru­mentally under God he principally preserved my life, from those many complotted designes, that the said Oxford had cunningly laid by their hands to get me murdered; and of whom and in his real commendations, whether it be gain or loss unto me, I am in gratitude compelled to say this:

That during the time of my banishment, I was more really obliged and beholden to him the said Duke of Buckingham, for those extraordi­nary benefits and favours I have received from him, then I am to my Fa­ther, my Brother, and all the Kindred and friends I have in the three Nations, in England, Scotland, and Ireland; and in whom I have by long experience found so much reason, sobriety, civility, honour, and consci­ence (that) as to his owne particular, if ever it should lye in my power to do him any personal service, without detriment to my native country (which I am confident he would never desire of me) I judge my self bound and obliged in conscience and gratitude to travel in his errand a [Page 18]thousand, and a thousand miles upon my feet; and if he wanted security, and mine might any waies be advantagious unto him, in case he should ever live to injoy that, which he to me scores of times passionately hath de­clared to be esteemed by him so great a happiness, once again to be admit­ted to breath in English aire, I durst be bound body for body, for his pun­ctual, and faithful performance of any solemn ingagement he should make for his future and peaceable, quiet and obedient living under the present power of England.

Most noble Lord, and honored Gentlemen, I am the more bold to be thus large in these particulars with you, because, being compelled by my own necessities (Sir Arthur Haselridge having actually seized all my land) and the apparent hazard of death, ( Oxford having in his third or last printed book declared, he hath two more to come speedily out against me, in which he sufficiently threatens, to make it too hot for me to hide my head in any hole in Europe.) And my wives most urgent importunity, grounded, as she said to me, upon some incouragement she apprehended from his excellency the Lord Generall Cromwell; I say, being necessita­ted and incouraged by the foresaid declared premises, to return into Eng­land, and to cast my life at your feet and favour, by reason of the uncon­scionable letter of an unjust, injurious, and many waies void Act of Par­liament in it selfe.

And in the sincerity of my soul, since my compelled returne, have made to his Excellency and the honorable Councell of State, upon 14, 16, and 20 of June present three humble, rationall, submissive, and moderate pe­titions; unto all or any of which I can yet obtaine no other answer, but my commitment to Newgate, in order to a triall for my life, upon the said illegall and unjust Act of Parliament; and serverall averments from Major Generall Desborough, and Major Generall Harrison, unto di­vers of my Friends, as severall of them inform me, that the Councel of State hath letters and papers under my own hand, of my ingagement to the present King of Scots, to come over to be his Agent, and to imbroile the Nation again in blood; and that all the Duke of Buckingham's familiarity and mine hath been only in order thereunto, with divers other things of the like mischievous nature: and that which is worse, some of my said Friends, that were down at White-hall with my last Petition, aver to me, that Major Generall Harrison with much incensed bitterness should aver to them, that there was no credit to be given to any of my averments to the contrary, of what he said against me, because he had found me so false, that he could not trust any thing I said: and others of my Friends aver to me, that they have been certainly informed, that Major Generall Harrison in open Parliament, since the debate of my banishment was a­foot, avowed in the open House, that I was a most false perjured fellow: in all which consideration, and forasmuch as the wisest of men in Scripture aver to this purpose that a good name is much more precious then much sweet oil, and more to be valued then much fine gold; and to me is much more dearer then my life; in all which consideration, I say, I am compel­led in all humility to take my life at this present time visibly into my hand, [Page 19]and humbly to declare unto you, that being lately prest upon those very things by one supposed very powerfull with his excellency about my in­gaging with the King of Scots, and having solemnly declared to him, I never was guilty of any the least ingagement with him, or any of his party, to promote his Regall interest, against the wel are of the present declared Common-wealth of England: and being desired and prest by him, I so­lemnly swore it upon the Bible, and am ready with the last drop of my heart-blood to make it good against any man in the whole world: being confident that no man having but one grain of common honesty, hath any ground in the least, to swear such a thing against me, as confedera­cy with the present King, or any for him, to be his present agent in England; nor dare do it, unless it be some of Mr. Scots most deboist Ca­valiers, or other wicked Agents and Pensioners, that he constantly im­ployes to set and lay traps and gins to betray and destroy men (as in some cases I can punctually prove, he hath already done, even to the taking away the very lives of some) the generality of which, for a Whore or a Glass of Wine makes no conscience at all, with most bitter oathes to dam themselves to the pit of hell: he having already to one of them profered to settle upon him and his heirs for ever 200 l. land of inheri­tance by the year, to swear against me at Guild-hall to take away my life there, as the party himself hath confessed to me; and hath also in effect done the same to a Col. that within this very few dayes tells me that at law upon his oath he will be ready to justifie it.

And as for my information, of Major General Harrisons averment a­gainst me in the open House, of being perjured; my condition at per­sent, with all the sobriety I can, compels me to say no more to him but this, That I very well know Sir Arthur Haselridge at the Parliaments Committee, where Primates business was examined, indeavored by false Oaths, and no otherwise, to prove such a thing against me and old and honest Master George Gray; but could not, nor did in the least legally or effectually do it, although we fully proved there, his principallest witness or witnesses, to be fully perjured or forsworn: one or more of them having sworn in effect, That old-Master George Gray, and my Uncle George Lilburne, had robbed by Committee force, Master Wray Sir Arthurs Champion, of his deeds and evidences, divers yeers ago; and yet Master Breaton confessed at the then Bar (and that upon his Oath, as I remem­ber) that not many weeks before that, he had the said Master Wrays Deeds and evidences in his possession, and perused them. And as to my being perjured, I do hereby provoke Major General Harison with all the earnestness in the world, to prefer a Bill of indictment in any Court of Law in England, to convict me of that notorious crime, and I will readily and willingly answer him; or else, if he please to aver before two or three of my friends, the same thing, that so at the Bar of Justice they may be my witnesses, I shall not be long (if I live) to seek my legal re­medy against him for scandalizing me, knowing in my own conscience, my self so innocent of any the least thing like perjury, that I dare with con­fidence and deliberation, spit in the face of the stoutest single man in [Page 20] England, that dare to my face solemnly aver such a thing; but being my most earnest desire is with good words, & hearty & unfe [...]gned ingagements, of living peaceably, and quietly: without the least disturbance to the present government, rather then by high language in the least, if it be pos­fable, to provoke, (though I hartily thanke and bless God for it, it is no more dreadful to me at present to dy, then to go sleep.)

I therefore intreat your Lordship and honours, as you are men of ho­nour, and conscence, suffer not my good name, behind my back, to be rent and torn in peeces with notorious lyes and falshoods: but what you in any kind lay to my charge, about the King of Scots, speedily send me a true copy of it, and without the least demurer to the jurisdiction of the place from whence it comes, I will speedily and freely return you a par­ticular answer to every head of it. Or else,

2. Be pleased to prevaile with Major General Desborough, his Excellen­cies brother in law (and one I believe, for his wisdome and parts, he very much confides in, and one I have in times past, been most intimately fa­miliar with, and never had any particular grand disgust with in my life, that I can remember) to vouchsafe to come and spend a few hours time with me, and I am confident, I shall face to face give him full, rational, and just satisfaction in every particular, that he is able to object against me; that so if it be possible, a quiet and peaceable composure may be made of your present distaste against me; there being nothing, I seriously pro­fess it from my very heart, that his Excellency in Reason and Justice can desire at my hands, but he shall absolutely command it. So humbly cra­ving your pardon for my tediousness herein, and my transgression, if you judge it any, for my printing hereof, being so much for the perservation of my own life, reputation and safety compelled thereto; being al­ready beyond the Seas in several Nations and Languages, constrained, for the preservation of my life in my banishment to print the first part of it, being my first address to you. So I humbly take leave to subscribe my self,

(My Lord, and Noble Gentlmen)
Yours to serve you, if you please, John Lilburne.
FINIS.

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