THE TENTH SATYR OF JUVENAL, English and Latin, The English by Tho Shadwell.

With Illustrations upon it.

Licensed, May 25. 1687.

LONDON, Printed by D. Mallet, for Gabriel Collins at the Middle-Temple Gate in Fleetstreet. 1687.

TO Sir Charles Sidley.

SIR,

YOU have so many years together pursued me with your Favour and Bounty, that I ought to have been alwaies upon the Watch for an opportunity of Publishing my Gratitude. Your late great ob­ligation in giving me the advantage of your Comedy, call'd Bellamira, or the Mistress, has given me a fresh subject for my Thanks; and my Publishing this Translasion affords me a new opportunity of owning to the World my grate­ful resentments to you. I am heartily glad that your Comedy (as I never doubted) found such success, that I ne­ver met with any Man of Sence but applauded it: And that there is abundance of Wit in it, your Enemies have been forced to confess. For some you have, though I cannot but wonder why you should have any, who are so careful in all your Actions, that you never injure any Gentleman: and so void of Scurrilitie in all your Conversation, that I never heard you speak ill of one behind his back: a vice too often practised among our English Gentry. But there will be alwaies Enemies to Wit and Common Sence, who for that reason cannot be Friends to you For the Judgment of some Ladies upon it that it is obscene, I must needs say they are Ladies of a very quick apprehension, and did not their thoughts lye very much that way, they could not find more obscenity in that than there is in every other Comedy. These Nymphs though they are so over nice in words, may perhaps, be frank enough in their actions. And I have have known the time when they would have been more fa­vourable to you. The great favour you did me, in giving me [Page] this Play, with all the rest of your obligations to me, as I will never forget, so I shall be alwaies proud of an occasion to boast of so good a Patron; who uses me not as some Supercilious Men would (who do good meerly out of Va­nity) as a troublesome hanger on: But treats me with the civility and kindness of a Friend. And I have had the ho­nour to have alwaies found as much of both from him, as if I had obliged him in receiving, as much as he me in confer­ring his benefits.

It is honour enough for me, that I have from my Youth Lived in yours, and, as you know, in the favour of the wittiest men of England, your familiar friends and acquain­tance, who have encouraged my Writings; and suffer'd my Conversation. I mean not any of the profess'd Poets; for I take none of them to be of that Rank, and most of'em God knows are far enough from it. But it has happen'd in our time, that some few men of Quality have been much the greatest wits of the age, nor do I think England ever produ­ced so great in any age, the loss of two of which, the Earl of Rochester, and the Duke of Buckingham, we who had the honour to be acquainted with them can never bewail enough.

After all this I must think I hope without vanity, that the Author of Mack-Fleckno reflects more upon himself than me; where he makes Fleckno commend Dulness, and chuse me for the Dullest that ever writ; and repeats dull, dull, &c. over and over: indeed he gives his own dullness a civiller term, and calls it being Saturnine. But sure he goes a little too far in calling me the Dullest, and has no more reason for that, than for giving me the Irish name of Mack, when he knows I never saw Ireland till I was three and twenty years old, and was there but four Months

Besides as I have heard you observe the foundation of that Libel is false and unnatural; for tho some may have mista­ken dulness for wit, and commended it as such; yet no man ever commended Dullness as dulness.

[Page]Had he staid till he had supplied the Stage with more new hu­mour then I have done, or till he had written a better Comedy then Epsom Wells, or the Virtuoso (neither of which by the way are taken from a Novel, or stollen from a Romance) he might with a better Grace, and more Authority have pronoun­ced me dull. But he is not content with that, but has ano­ther fling at me for playlng upon the Lute. I must confess that that and all other Gentleman-like Exercises, which I was ca­pable of Learning, my Father was at the charge of, and let the Libeller make his best of it.

I hope Sir you will not think me guilty of Arrogance in my own Vindication, especially since there have been such strong endeavours to depress me, and by those who had least reason to do it

It is hard to believe that the supposed Author of Mack-Fleckno is the real one, because when I taxed him with it, he denyed it with all the Execrations he could think of. How­ever my Dullness admits of an excuse, because I endeavour to avoid it all I can. But had I been base or dishonest, I could have made none, yet if he pleases to let my Reputation alone, I shall not envy him the Fame he has.

And now Sir 'tis time to give you an account why I pub­lish this Translation. I have I must confess ever look'd upon Translating as a difficult, and irksom piece of Drudgery, and below any man who had a genius of his own, and have been as much averse to it as I should be to the making of a Dictio­nary: For though both of 'em are works of publick benefit, yet they are unpleasant all the while.

I was provoked to this first by the supposed Author of Mack-Fleckno, who saies in another Pamphlet; that to his knowledge, I understand neither Greek nor Latin, though in Bury School in Suffolk, and Cajus Colledge in Cambridge, the places of my Youthful Education, I had not that reputa­tion, and let me tell him he knows the contrary.

And Secondly by another Writer, who (without any pro­vocation whatsoever, I having seen him but once in my Life, [Page] when he was pleas'd to thank me for a civility I did him.) a­bused me after that in Print, where he saies Bavius and Maevius ought to have been reserved by Fate to be Translated by me and Settle. I will not compare my self with him, but I leave it to him to consider, whether Settle has not out-done all that he has yet produc'd in Poetry. It was at best an ungen­tile thing in his friend, who suffer'd those Verses to be pre­fix'd to his Book, since I had never given him the least offence, or so much as seen him.

But to trouble you Sir with no more Digressions of this kind, I have endeavour'd in this Translation to come as near the words and thoughts of my Author, as my skill in both Languages could enable me. I have omitted no part of his Sence, nor have I varied from it, nor added to it, but in some few places where it was necessary to a meer English Reader, for explanation. I will not say as a Cock Translator does of Lucretius and Virgil, that he has added nothing but what he is confident the Authors would themselves were they now Living, by which arrogant saying he would insinuate that his Genius is much like theirs, or equal with them.

I have not endeavour'd to make it an English Poem, nor to fit it to our Customes and Manners, but to retain the Roman ones, and as much as ever I could to preserve the Spirit of the Author; and to that end have made it as much a Translation as I could. For I have observ'd in all Paraphrases upon the Greek and Roman Authors of the first Rank, the Strength and Spirit of thom is deaded, and in some quite lost.

At best the thoughts of those Paraphrastical Writers, mix­ing with those of such noble Authors, look like patches of homely Wollen upon the richest Silk. Because the modern ages have produced no Genius like theirs; the imaginations must be very different and unequal; and methinks such Po­ems go down like Wine of two tasts. Some by Paraphrasing do nothing but beat out the Sense thinner, as Gold-Beaters do Gold.

In keeping close to my Author, I am forced to make my Periods sometimes in the middle of Lines; contrary to the [Page] late English practise: and I have alwaies chosen rather to make a rough Verse, than to loose the Sense of Juvenal. Tho I must needs say, I do not think great smoothness is required in a Satyr, which ought to have a severe kind of roughness as most fit for reprehension, and not that gentle smoothness which is necessary to insinuation.

I have added some Notes or Illustrations upon the Satyr, some being necessary to all who are not conversant with the Author, though otherwise good Schollars: And for the sake of those who are not such, I have added more. So that (as it was my chief end) I hope I have made the Original clearly to be understood by any one who is the least a Grammarian And, if I find this Essay to be favourably received, I will go on with the rest of the Author, in which I have already made some progress. Though I can only do it by way of diversion, I having more material business upon my hands at this time.

My friend Mr. Higden has made an ingenious version of this Satyr, but in other Numbers, and a different way, so that we shall not interfere one upon another.

I shall say nothing of the Author or his Life, till my transla­tion grows into a larger Volumne. For the Dry Critiiks who object that he is too severe and bitter, and that his Satyrs are more fit for Declamations then Poems, I think them not worth the answering. I have chosen this Satyr to give the Reader as a Sample; it being one of the wisest, and noblest in the Book; wherein any man may perceive the difference between the Wisdom and Dignity of true Roman Satyr, and the Levity and baseness of false English Libells. But Sir I ask your par­don for troubling you so long, and now shall only assure you that I am proud of any opportunity of Publishing to the World that I am,

Sir,
Your most obliged humble Servant. THO. SHADWELL.
Postscript.

I have prefixt before my Translation of this Satyr, a version of that famous Answer of Cato to Labienus, who would have him consult the Oracle of Jupiter Ammon in the Lybian De­serts.

[Page]
Cato to Labienus, Lucan. Lib. 9.
FUll of the God (within his silent Breast)
Words worthy of the Oracle h' exprest.
What Labienus would y' inquire if I▪
As a free Roman, had not rather dye
Bravely in Arms, than stoop to
Monarchy from the time of the Tarquins, was become odious to Romans, and Cato was the most obsti­na [...] of all the Republicans.
Monarchy?
If we in Life can any value see?
Or whether long or short much diff'rent be,
If any violence can depress the brave?
Or Fortunes threats force against Vertue have.
Are great attempts by not succeeding less?
Does a brave act grow braver by success?
We of these truths such full conviction find,
Heav'n cannot fix them deeper in the mind.
We all on God, as parts of him depend;
There does the mighty chain begin and end.
Were Temples silent, the Almighty will,
Spight of our selves, we cannot but fulfill.
Heav'n needs no voice, to tell us what to do,
At first it plants in man all he shouid ever know.
Nor could a God so narrowly provide
For human kind, in these parch'd Sands to hide
Truth for a few, to all the rest deni'd.
Where can you think the Seat of God to find,
But in Earth, Sea, or Air, Heav'n, or a Virtuous mind?
Why should we seek him farther then? for he
Is wheresoe're you move, and whatsoe're you see.
Let doubtful men their Fortune Tellers try,
And Anxious into future chances Pry
No Oracle can e're my doubt secure
But certain Death; that does my mind assure.
Impartial Death that strikes alike at all,
As well the Coward as the Brave must fall.
Cato ad Labienum, Lucan. lib. 9.
Ille Deo plenus tacita quem mente gerebat
Effudit dignas aditis è pectore voces
Quid Quaeri Labiene jubes? an liber in Armis
Occubuisse velim potius quam Regna videre?
An sit vita nihil? sed longa an differat Aetas?
An noceat vis ulla bonis? Fortuna (que) perdat
Opposita Virtute minas? laudanda (que) Velle
Sit satis? & nunquam successu Crescat honestum?
Scimus: & hoc nobis non altius inserit Ammon
Haeremus cuncti superis: Templo (que) tacente
Nil facimus non sponte Dei; nec vocibus ullis
Numen eget: Dixit (que) semel nascentibus Autor
Quicquid scire Licet. Steriles nec Legit Arenas
Ʋt caneret paucis mersit (que) hoc pulvere Verum.
Estne Dei sedes nisi Terra & Pontus & Aer?
Et Caelum & Virtus? superos quid quaerimus ultra?
Jupiter est quodcun (que) vides quocun (que) moveris
Sortilegis egeant dubii, semper (que) futuris
Casibus ancipites. Me non oracula certum
Sed Mors certa facit, Pavido forti (que) Cadendum est.

JƲ ƲENAL Satyr X.

IN all the Earth, between the wide extreams
Of (1) Gades West, and Eastern (2) Ganges Streams
Free from a Cloud of Error few have skill
To know what's truly good for 'em, or ill,
With Reason what do we desire or fear?
(3) What do you aim at (be it ne're so dear)
Or luckily begun) but when 'tis gain'd,
You soon repent you of your wish obtain'd?
What Families the (4) easie Gods o'rethrow,
Granting those Pray'rs they make themselves t' undo!
For harmful Offices we blindly pray
In Peace, as well as War, not seldom they,
Who flow with purest streams of Eloquence,
Show those rich Torrents at their lives expence:
(5) Milo confiding in the wondrous strength
Of Brawny arms, perish't by that at length.
But most by Wealth (rak'd up with anxious care
Exceeding usual Patrimonies farr
As (6) Brittish Whales do Dolphins) ruin'd are
In Nero's bloody times, Troops of arm'd bands
Begirt (7) Longimus House, at his commands,
And, in his Princely Gardens, did enclose
The too rich (8) Seneca, and Besieged the house
Of (9) Lateranus; but they ne're infest
The (10) Garret, or the poor mans Room molest.
Though Journying you but little Silver bear
By Night, a Sword, or (11) Quarter staff you fear;
And a Reeds motion in a Moon-light Night
Shall make you quake and tremble with the fright.
While the poor man void of all precious things
In Company with Thieves jogg's on and Sings.
Almost the first, and most known (12) vows are these
In all the Temples, may our Wealth encrease;
Our Treasure swell, and may our Chest alone
Be for its lageness in the (13) Forum known.
[Page 3] No Poyson is in Earthen (14) Vessels brought
In Gold adorn'd with (15) Gemms beware each draught
When in wide bowls there (16) sparkles (17) Setine Wine,
How do you then approve his wise Design,
(18) Who with continual scorn did Laughter vent?
When 'ere one step beyond his Doors he went?
O'th' contrary, (19) Another still did wail,
To laugh at silly things we cannot fail.
But what prodigious Fountain could supply,
For each occasion, moisture to his eye?
Perpetual Laughter did the Lungs excite,
Of Wise Democritus the Abderite;
Yet no (20) Praetexta, nor no (21) Trabeae there,
No (22) Litters, (23) Fasces, nor (24) Tribunals were:
Had he within the dusty (25) Circus been
And our vain (26) Praetor, with exalted meen
(27) Standing within his lofty Charriot seen:
In (28) Joves embroyder'd Coat, and Tyrian Gown,
Hung with a Mantle from his Shoulders down,
Large as a Piece of Tap'stry with a Crown;
An orb too large for one neck to sustain,
His (29) publick servant, with much sweat and pain,
Behind him does those weighty Ensigns bear,
And in that very Charriot must appear.
Not pleas'd too much must the great Consul be,
With him a slave to * check his Pride we see,
Add th' (30) Pvry Scepter which the Praetor bears
On which the Eagle upon wing appears;
Here the loud Cornets march, and there before,
Long Troops of (31) Clients, and of Slaves great store▪
A train of (32) white rob'd Citizens attends
(33) The Charriot Wheeles, which mercenary friends
(34) The Sportula did make. How had his spleen
Been exercis'd if he all this had seen?
Who could in all Assemblies of Mankind
(Then wiser much) just cause of Larghter find,
His wondrous prudence plainly does declare
[Page 5]A boggy soil, a dark and foggy Air
The Gountrey full of Sheepsheads may give birth
To greatest men, and best examples upon Earth.
He laugh'd at Vulgar business, Vulgar cares,
He both their joy derided, and their Tears.
When threatning Fortune seem'd on him to frown,
Upon her power he could look bravely down;
With scorn he pointed at her, and could say
Be hang'd, whilest ev'ry thing for which we pray,
And fix with (35) Wax our vows upon the knees
Of all the most propitious Deities,
Is or superfluous, or pernicious known,
Some from high pow'r by envy headlong thrown,
(36) Some by inscriptions fill'd with each degree
Of all their Noble Titles, ruin'd be;
Their Statues are with Halters (37) drag'd about
The Streets, as objects for the scoffing Rout.
The (38) Charriot Wheeles must feel the Axes stroke,
And the poor innocent Horses Legs be broke.
Now the Smiths Forges hiss, the Bellows play,
And that same head so much ador'd to day,
That head, red hot within the fire became,
And great Sejanus crackled in the flame.
Mechanicks soon from that so Worship't face
Which bore in all the World the second place,
Forge little Platters, and small water Cans
With Basons, Chamber-pots, and Frying-pans.
With (39) Laurel Garlands be our Houses Crown'd;
Make hast and let the large White Bull be found,
And drawn to Capitolian Jove; for now
Sejanus is become a publick show:
(41) Drag'd by a Hook, fix'd in his throat, and all
The Vulgar shout at this great Fav'rites fall.
[Page 7](42) Bless me what ugly blabber-lipps had he!
A hanging look! and, if you'l credit me,
This fellow I could never once abide.
(43) Can you tell pray for what great crime he dyed?
Who the Informer? who the Evidence?
What Ouvert Act? what proof of his Offence?
(44) None, none of these, but a long (45) Letter sent
From (46) Capreae, full of words and Eloquent.
(47) 'Tis well, I shall enquire no more: (48) what now
Does all the crowd of Roman People do?
It alwaies follows Fortune, and does hate
All who are wretched, and condemned by Fate.
Her (49) Tuscans cause had Goddess Nurscia blest,
And the secure old Emperour been opprest,
Sejanus it had call'd this very hour,
Augustus, and saluted Emperour.
Romans, since they no (50) suffrages could boast
Supinely careless, all great thoughts have lost.
Who Fasces Legions Empire all things gave,
But two poor things solicitously crave,
That they may (51) bread, and Games 'th Circus have:
(52) Yet many more there are condemn'd I hear.
No doubt. (53) the Emperours rage does hot appear.
I met Brutidius pale and wan with fear,
At Mars his Altar, looking as (54) hee'd kill
Himself, like Ajax, when his cause succeeded ill.
Lets run with speed while yet the Carkass lies
Upon the bank under the Gemonies,
That we may spurn at Caesars Enemy.
Call all our Slaves, and let 'am all stand by,
Least any of them should the fact deny.
And therefore should their trembling Masters draw
Bound by their necks, to tryal of the Law.
[Page 9]Thus 'bout Sejanus they their thoughts declare,
And thus the Vulgars secret murmurs are
Now would you have Sejanus wealth and pow'r,
And be saluted as he was before?
Give this 'ith State, the Chief Authority;
To this 'ith' Army highest Dignity:
Or would you Guardian of an Emp'rour reckon'd be?
Who lulls himself in (56) narrow Capreae's Grots
With his lewd herd of Astrologick Sots?
Should you desire to lead a mighty Band
Of Foot and Horse, and the (57) Praetorian Camp command;
I grant that those may wish the power to kill,
Who are too merciful to have the will.
But what can prosp'rous Dignity avail,
When th' ill outwei'ghs the good in every Scale?
Would you his noble Purple Garment wear,
Who to the Gemonies is dragg'd, or bear
In some small City small Authority?
In homely woollen Robes some (58) Aedile be,
And sit in Judgment over measures there,
Breaking those Vessels which too small appear?
You will confess Sejanus knew not then
What things were fit to be desir'd by men.
Who too great wealth or honours do acquire,
But raise their Tow'rs so many Stories higher,
T' encrease their fall, and make their ruine worse;
Which from the dreadful praecipice has greater force.
What Crassus or Great Pompey overthrew,
Or (60) him who Rome did to his lash subdue?
Chief Pow'r by all vile artifices gain'd,
And vows from the maligning Gods obtein'd.
[Page 11] Most Kings to Death by Blood and Slaughter go,
And a dry Death few Tyrants ever know.
The rawest Boy who scarce has con'd one Rule,
His little Slave bearing his Books to School,
During the space of those (61) five solemn days.
When are Minerva's rites perform'd still prays
He may the Fame, and Eloquence possess
Of Pow'rful Tully and Demosthenes.
When deadly was their Wits oreflowing spring,
And (62) Death to both their Eloquence did bring.
For Wit those hands nail'd to the (63) Rostra were
That head cut off too, but the Rostra ne're
Did silly Lawyer with his Blood besmear.
(64) Oh Rome innate most fortunate in me,
When I thy Consul did consult for thee
Had he spoke alwaies thus; he safely might
Antonius rage, and bloody Cut-throats slight.
Of silly Verses I had rather be
Author, Divine (65) Philippick than of thee.
The second of Illustrious Fame 'gainst Antony.
So was th' admir'd Athenian snatch'd away
By sudden death, whose Eloquence could sway
Which way he pleas'd, and make whole (66) Theatres obey.
Unhappy in his geniture, by th' hate
Oth' angry Gods, and his own evil Fats.
(67) Th' old Man by Fumes of red hot Metals made
Blear-ey'd remov'd, his Son from his own Trade,
From making Swords, the Anvil, Tongs and Coles,
From Smoaky Forges, sooty Vulcans Tools
To the most Fatal Rhetoricians Schools.
[Page 13]On (68) Trophies fixt the Spoils by Battel won,
An Helmet cleft, the Beaver hanging down,
A Coat of Mayle, a broken Axletree;
A Galleys Flag obtain'd by Victory.
On a (69) Triumphant Arches utmost height,
A Captive with a look disconsolate,
Then all our Humane Goods some value mote.
The Roman Grecian (70) Barbarous Emperour
Fiercely aspire at these, and from these Spoils,
Arise their several Dangers and their Toils:
Virtue's less thirsted for than Fame, for who,
Her, for her self, Rewardless will pursue?
Our Country yet by some, in Ancient days,
Has ruin'd been for Glory; for vain Praise;
And swelling Titles, which they had impos'd
On Stones, in which their Ashes were enclos'd.
Those Monuments of Stone were yet so weak,
Them the (71) wild Fig-Tree could in pieces break.
The proudest Tombs have but a certain Date,
And Sepulchres themselves must yield to Fate.
Go weigh your Hannibal, how many pound
At length is of your mighty General found?
Yet Africk could not his Ambition bound
Whose Western Shores th' Atlantick Ocean beats:
And Eastward stretches out to (73) Nilu's Heats.
[Page 15]To (74) Aethiopian Inhabitants,
And to a different kind of Elephants:
Spain must be joyn'd; the (75) Pyrenaeans now
Be passed; Nature opposes th' (76) Alpes and Snow.
Rocks he devided, and the Mountains he
With (77) Vinegar broke, making his passage free;
And takes possession then of Italy.
Yet after all, says he; still pressing on,
My Carthaginian Troops have nothing done,
Till we the Gates of Rome have overthrown,
And fix'd our Banners in th' Heart of all the Town.
Rare Visage, what a Picture 'twould appear,
When the (70) Getulian B [...]ast does th' one Ey'd General bear!
Oh Glory! what of all was the event?
Conquer'd he headlong run to Banishment.
The great and wonderous Captive in's Retreat,
Is a poor (78) Client at a Judgment Seat:
Meanly he waits his sad Addresse to make
Till the (79) Bythinian Tyrant please to wake;
His Turbulent Life (which such Confusion hurld
With Swords, Stones, Darts into the shaken world)
By none of these could perish no one thing,
Vengeance for all the Blood he spilt, could bring,
Or Revenge (80) Cannae, but a little Ring.
Run o're the rugged Alps, thou hot-braind Fool!
To be declaim'd on, and please Boys at School.
(81) Philip's fierce Son, one World too little found,
And Frets, and Fumes poor Wretch! within the narrow
[Page 17]As if in Rocky (82) Gyarae he were pent,
Or small (83) Seriphus. Yet he was content
With a small Coffin, when to (84) Babylon he went
Death the plain-dealer does alone declare
How very little Great Mens Bodies are.
(85) Athos 'twas thought was Sail'd about of old,
And men believed all tales which lying Greece e're told.
That all the (86) Hellespont from shore to shore
Was pav'd with Ships and Charriot-Wheles run o're.
While (87) Xerxes din'd th' innumerable fry
Of this Great host, would drink deep Rivers dry,
As (88) Sostratus in's Cups was wont to lye.
When (89) Salamis he left, what fate's behind
For him who us'd to rage and (90) whip the wind?
Barbarian! what lash (91) Corus Eurus too?
Worse then ev'n (92) Aeolus would in their Prisons do:
He did in Chains (93) Earth-shaking Neptune bind,
And 'twas his mercy he had not design'd
To (94) Stigmatize him like a Slave: what God
Would not desire to be at such a Hero's nod?
But how return'd he? slowly in one Boat
Through shoals of bodies, which did round him float
In b [...]oody Waves. These are oftimes the pains
Immoderate desire of glory gains:
Jove grant large space of life, and length of days
With Confidence and vehemence one prays.
[Page 19]Ne're thinking what continual griefs attend,
And under what great ills old age does bend.
A Face deform'd, of horrid colour grown,
Unlike himself, his flabby cheeks hang down.
'Stead of a Skin he has an ugly hide,
With [...]r'd and rough with wrinckles deep and wide,
Such as in shady Woods of (95) Tabraca,
On rivled Cheeks, old Mother Ape does claw:
In youth there many great distinctions are
One is more strong, the other is more fair.
But in all old mens Faces there's no choice,
Limbs paralytick, trembling is the voice,
With a bald pate, and with a nasty nose.
That's ever dropping as an Infants does,
He mumbles bread between his toothless Gumms.
Irksome to's Wife, and Children he becomes.
He's ev'n by Cossa loath'd, that abject Knave,
That fawns and waits a Legacy to have.
Nor Wine nor Meat delight as in time past,
His Palate 's now benum'd h'as lost his tast,
'Tis long, long, since a Woman he Embrac'd.
A long forgetfulness has seiz'd the part
Beyond the Cure of any Pains or Art.
Tho' all the Night he dallies, 'tis in vain,
It still does a poor Chiterlin remain.
What pleasure can the weak Old Doting Fool,
Expect from that infirm and Aged Tool?
[Page 21]Where Lust remains without Ability,
Men must suspect unnatural Letchery
Consider now another Sence declin'd,
In choicest Songs no pleasure he can find,
Sung by Seleucus, or the best o'th' kind,
Who all Embroider'd on the Stage appear
Where e're he sits, the Songs he cannot hear,
Cornets nor Trumpets, be he ne're;
His Boy must hallow what's a Clock in's Ear.
In his Cold Corps, what little Blood Remains,
Without a Feaver, ne're is warm in's Veins:
In him what Troops of Maladies abound!
And in his feeble Carkass dance their round!
More than Adultrer's Hippia e're enjoy'd,
Or then sick Men by (97) Themison destroy'd
In a whole Autumne, or the (98) Associates
Plunder'd by (99) Basilus, or the Estates.
(100) Irus from all his Wards got by foul play,
More then the Cullies in a Summers day,
(1) Maura e're drein'd; and more then of his Boys,
(2) Hamillus the lew'd Pedagogue enjoys.
And more than of his Villas now are seen,
(3) Who snapt his Fingers at my youthful Chin:
This Old Man's Shoulders, th' others reins, his Thighs
Disabled are, this has lost both his Eyes.
And envies him to whom one Eye is left,
To this Man of the use of hands bereft,
[Page 23]Through his pale Lips, his Meat must others give.
He gapes while others fingers him relieve.
Yawn's like young Swallows (Meat being in their Eyes.)
To whom, with her full Mouth the hungry Mother flies.
But loss of Sense and Memory is more
Grievous, than all his loss of Limbs before
Ev'n his own Servants Names he does forget,
And his Friends Face, with whom last Night he Eat.
Those he forgets whom he begot and Bred:
For by his cruel will, they're disinherited.
Which does his Wealth on (4) Phiale intail,
So does the subtle Strumpets Mouth prevail,
Who was so stale a prostituted Whore,
That many Years she stood in the Stews Door:
Suppose his Sense of mind when Old intire,
He must behold his Childrens (5) Funerael Fire.
His Lov'd Wives Pile, Brothers and Sisters Ʋrns,
And often for his num'rous Kindred Mourns,
Who are by Death's repeated Blow destroy'd,
With such like pains the long-liv'd Man's annoy'd.
His Aged Heart with daily sorrow Bleeds,
And he grows Old still in fresh Mourning Weeds.
The (6) Pyllan King (if Homer you'll allow)
For length of Life was reckon'd next the Crow.
Happy so many Ages to withstand,
Death's Blow, counting his Years on his Right-Hand;
And had so many Autumns drunk New Wine,
But how did he at Fates Decrees repine?
[Page 25]And on his too long thread of Life exclaim?
When he beheld within the Funeral flame
The fierce Antilochus his bearded Son?
To all his Friends long life he did bemoan,
And ask'd them all for what vile horrid crime
He had deserv'd to live till that unhappy time?
Thus Peleus mourn'd for his Achilles lost,
For (8.) Ithacus Ten years on th' Ocean tost
Laertes thus complain'd. While flourishing Troy
Yet unattempted, did full peace enjoy,
Old (9) Priam might amidst those happy hours
Have gone to th' shades of his high Ancestours.
(10.) Hector with all his Brothers had the while
Their Fathers Corps born to the Funeral Pile.
(11.) Cassandra had the weeping Matrons led,
And fair (12.) Polyxena her tears had shed,
And rent her Garments, for her Father dead.
If he had dyed another time, ere yet
(13.) Paris had rigg'd out his advent'rous Fleet.
What did old Age avail him who saw all
O'return'd? By Fire and Sword saw Asia fall?
Th' old Soldier then his Regal Crown laid by,
And his forgotten Arms again did try;
And shaking, to (14.) Joves Altar ran, ev'n so
Th' old (15.) Ox despis'd by the ungrateful Plow,
T' his Masters Knife his wretched neck does bow.
[Page 27]His was a human death, the Wife he left
Behind him of humanity bereft,
Was to a (14.) Bitch transform'd most fierce and foul,
And with wide open Jaws did bark and howl.
To come to Romans now, and to let go
The (15.) King of Pontus and rich (16.) Craesus too.
Whom the Oraculous Solon did direct
That he should on his latter end reflect.
That Banish'd Marius to Minturnae, fled,
Hid in those Fenns, torn thence, to Prison led,
At length in conquer'd Carthage beg'd his Bread.
Came from long life: For what more happy 'ere
Did Rome or Nature on the Earth yet bear?
When him vast Troops of Captives did surround,
And all the Pomps of War his Triumph Crown'd?
If at that time his glorious Life had ended
When from the Teuton's Chariot he descended,
On Pompey kind Campania bestows
Feavers were to be wisht; but publick Vows,
And Prayers of many Cities did o'recome,
And Pompey's Fortune joyn'd with that of Rome
Sav'd him to (19.) lose his Head. Such Butchery
Fate did to bloody (20.) Lentulus deny.
Ev'n Trayterous (21.) Cethegus fell intire
And (21.) Catiline with a whole Carkass did expire.
(23.) The anxious Mother beggs at Venus Fane
That she may beauty for her Boys obtain
In gentle murmurs: But her voice does raise
When for the beauty of her Girls she prays;
This is her most delightful prayer: quoth she,
Why do you blame whats piety in me?
[Page 29](24.) Diana's beauty does Latona bless.
(25.) But such a face as (26.) Lucrece did possess
You should not pray for, warn'd by her distress:
Her shape and form, the fair (27.) Virginia
Should wish to change with Hunch-back't (28.) Rutila:
A handsome proper Son does always make
His anxious Parents tremble for his sake.
For Beauty rarely agrees with Modesty
Tho' your plain House void of all luxury
Infuses nought but virtuous manners, there,
And imitates what ancient (29.) Sabines were.
Suppose kind Nature of her bounteous Grace
Chast inclinations in the mind does place,
And modest blood oft rises in the face,
(How could she better for a Youth provide?
No care, no Guardian can so watch or guide
As Nature). Yet scarce can they Men remain;
The (30.) Impudent Corrupter dares with gain
To tempt the Parents, by his lavish hand,
And thinks that nothing can his bribes withstand:
No Tyrant Boys deform'd e're guelded yet.
No Noble Youth with Bandy-leggs was fit
For Nero's lust, nor (31.) Sporus would he make
Of one with out-bow'd-breast, or Bunch in's back:
Go and rejoyce at your Sons beauty now;
Who yet must greater dangers undergo.
A common lewd Adult'rer he'll become;
From injur'd Husbands rage fearing what doom
They please to execute. Nor happier yet
Than Planet (32.) Mars; always to scape the Net.
[Page 31]Their rage will yet more punishments impose,
Than to their rage yet any Law allows.
Some by the Sword, to Death th' Adulterers put
With bloody stripes, their tender Flesh some cut,
(33.) By some a Mullets ramm'd into the gut.
But your (33) Endymion your lovely Youth,
By beauteous Matrons must be lov'd forsooth;
Yet when deform'd (35.) Servilia please to pay,
Tho her he hates, he will her lust obey,
Who'l give her Cloths and Jewels all away.
For what he wasts, at any rate she'll buy,
And for this sport she nothing can deny.
Even (36.) Hippia, or (37.) Catulla, or who e're,
Or stingy, or cross- humourd did appear,
Shows all her breeding and good nature here.
(38.) But to the chast what harm can beauty do?
(39.) Yes, what avail'd (40.) Hyppolitus his Vow?
And chast (41.) Bellerophon's resolution too?
When Stenobaea's desperate shame; and spight
For being despis'd her fury did excite,
Equal with Phaedra's, they to rage most fell
Provok'd themselves. A Womans wrath does swell
Beyond all rule and to the utmost height,
When e're confounding shame adds spurrs to hate.
What would you do if you were in his case?
The (42.) best and fairest of Patrician Race
Is destin'd by the lust of Caesar's Wife
To Marry her: to certain loss of Life.
He is by (43.) Messalina's love ensnar'd.
[Page 33]She with her wedding Garment sits prepar'd;
The Bed is publickly ith' Gardens made,
And as of ancient rite the Noble portion's paid.
The (44.) Auspex present, and the (45.) Notaries;
None but a lawful Marriage will suffice.
(46.) D'ye think this secret trusted to a few?
Declare your Judgment now, What will you do?
If you refuse the sin, you dye that day,
And gain but little time if you obey.
Till the News blaz'd about the Streets of Rome
Happens at length to th' Emp'rors Ears to come;
For he last hears his Families disgrace.
Obey her, if you hold a few days space
Of Life so dear. What e're you shall think fit,
You your (49.) fair Neck must to the Sword submit.
Shall man then pray for nought? If you advise
With me; To th' all disposing Deities
The care of us, and our affairs submit,
And for what's pleasant, they'l bestow what's fit.
To Heav'n man's dearer than t' himself we find,
We often by a strong impulse of mind,
Sway'd by blind lust, would be in Marriage joyn'd,
Then pray for Children: But the Gods foresee
What Children they, and what a Wife she'll be.
[Page 35]Yet—
That you may ask, and offer at some Shrine
Or Holy place, your (48.) Sausages Divine,
And the choice entrails of a pure white Swine.
Pray for a healthful body, a sound mind
That's never to the fear of Death inclin'd,
Which bravely can all toyl and pain surmount,
And Death 'mongst Natures benefits account.
Which knows no wrath, covets not any thing
Which can despise the soft (49.) Assyrian King,
And e're his love, feasts, luxury and ease,
Will the hard labours chuse, and griefs of Hercules.
I show you what you to your self may give,
Through Virtues path to quiet live w' arrive.
(50.) Fortune thou art no Goddess to the Wise,
Fools make thee so, and seat thee in the Skies.
Finis Satyr 10.

JUVENAL Satyr X.

OMnibus in Terris quoe sunt a Gadibus us (que)
Aurorem, & Gangem pauci dignoscere possunt
Vera bona, at (que) illis multum diversa, remotâ
Erroris nebulâ. Quid enim ratione timemus,
Aut cupimus? Quid tam dextro pede con [...]ipis, ut te
Conatus non poeniteat voti (que) peracti?
Evertêre domos totas optantibus ipsis
Dii faciles, nocitura togâ, nocitura petuntur
Militia, Torrens dicendi copia multis
Et sua mortifera est facundia. Viribus ille
Confisus periit admirandis (que) Lacertis.
Sed plures nimia congesta pecunia curâ
Strangulat, & cuncta extuperans patrimonia census,
Quanto Delphinis Balaena Britannica major.
Temporibus diris igitur jussu (que) Neronis
Longinum, & magnos Senecae Praedivitis hortos
Clausit, & egregios Lateranorum obsidit Aedes
Tota Cohors: rarus venit in Caenacula Miles.
Pauca licet portes argenti vascula puri
Noste iter ingressus, gladium Contum (que) timebis,
Et motae ad Lunam trepidabis arundinis umbram,
Cantabit vacuus coram Latrone Viator.
Prima fere vota, & cunctis notissima Templis
Divitiae ut crescant, ut opes, & maxima toto
Nostra sit Arca Foro.
[Page 4]—sed nulla aconita bibuntur
Fictilibus: tunc illa time, cum pocula sumes
Gemmata, & lato Setinum ardebit in auro.
Jamne igitur laudas, quod de sapientibus alter
Ridebat, quoties de limine moverat unum
Protulerat (que) pedem: flebat contrarius alter?
Sed facilis cuivis rigidi censura cachinni:
Mirandum est, unde ille oculis suffecerit humor.
Perpetuo risu pulmonem agitare solebat
Democritus, quanquam non essent urbibus illis
Praetexta & Trabeae, Fasces, Lectica, Tribunal.
Quid sic vidisset Praetorem curribus altis
Exstantem, & medio sublimem in pulvere Circi
In tunicâ Jovis & pictae Sarrana ferentem
Ex humeris Aulaea togae, magnae (que) coronae
Tantum orbem, quanto cervix non sufficit ulla?
Quippe tenet sudans hunc publicus, & sibi Consul
Ne placeat, curru servus portatur codem.
Da nunc & volucrem, sceptro quae surgit eburno,
Illinc cornicines, hinc praecedentia longi
Agminis officia & niveos ad fraena Quirites,
Defossa in loculis, quos sportula fecit amicos
Tum quo (que) materiam risus invenit ad omnes
Occursus hominum, cujus prudentia monstrat
[Page 6]Summos posse viros, & magna exempla d [...]t [...]ros
Vervecum in patria crasso (que) sub aere nasci.
Ridebat curas necnon & gaudia vulgi:
Interdum & lacrymas, cum fortunae ipse minaci
Mandaret laqueum; mediumq, ostenderet unguem.
Ergo supervacua aut pernitiosa petuntur,
Propter quae fas est genua incerare Deorum.
Quosdam proecipitat subjecta potentia magnae
Invidiae, mergit longa at (que) insignis honorum
Pagina, descendunt Statuae restem (que) sequuntur.
Ipsas deinde rotas bigarum impacta securis
Caedit, & immeritis franguntur crura caballis.
Jam st [...]ident ignes, jam follibus at (que) caminis
Ardet adoratum populo caput, & crepat ingens
Sejanus: deinde ex facie toto orbe secunda
Fiunt urceoli, pelves, sartago, patellae.
Pone domi lauros, duo in Capitolia magnum,
Cretatum (que) bovem: Sejanus ducitur unco
Spectandus: gaudent omnes.
[Page 8]—quae labra? quis illi
Vultus erat? nunquam, si quid mihi credis, amavi
Hunc hominem: sed quo cecidit sub crimine; quisnam
Delator? quibus indicibus, quo teste probavit?
Nil horum: verbosa & grandis Epistola venit
A Capreis: bene habet, nil plus interrogo, sed quid
Turba Remi? sequitnr fortunam, ut semper, & odit
Damnatos, idem Populus, si Nurscia Tusco
Favisset, si oppressa foret secura senectus
Principis, hac ipsa Sejanum diceret hora
Augustum. Jam pridem, ex quo suffragia nulli
Vendimus, effudit curas; nam qui dabat olim
Imperium, Fasces, Legiones, omnia, nunc se
Continet, at (que) duas tantum res anxius optat
Panem & Circenses. Perituros audio multos.
Nil Dubium: magna est fornacula: Pallidulus mî
Brutidius meus ad Martis fuit obvius aram.
Quam timeo, victus ne poenas exigat Ajax,
Ʋt male defensus. Curramus praecipites &
Dum jacet in ripa, calcemus Caesaris hostem.
Sed videant servt, ne quis neget, & pavidum in jus
Cervice obstricta Dominum trahat.—
[Page 10]—hi Sermones.
Tunc de Sejano, secreta haec murmura Vulgi.
Visne salutari sicut Sejanus? habere
Tantundem? at (que) illi summas donare curules?
Illum exercitibus praeponere? Tutor haberi
Principis Angusta Caprearum in rupe sedentis
Cum grege Chaldaeo? vis certe pila, cohortes
Egregios Equites, & castra domestica? quid ni
Haec cupias? & qui nolunt occidere quenquam
Posse volunt. Sed quae praeclara & prospera tanti
Ʋt rebus laetis par sit mensura malorum?
Hujus qui trahitur Praetextam sumere mavis:
An Fidenarum Gabiorum (que) esse potestas?
Et de mensura jus dicere, vasa minora
Frangere, pannosus vacuis Aedilis Ʋlubris?
Ergo quid optandum foret ignorasse fateris
Sejanum; nam qui nimios optabat honores
Et nimias poscebat opes: numerosa parabat
Excelsae Turris tabulata: unde altior esset
Casus & impulsae praeceps immane ruinae.
Quid Crassos, quid Pompeios evertit? & illum
Ad sua qui domitos deduxit flagra Quirites?
Summus nempe locus nulla non arte petitus
Magna (que) Numinibus vota exaudita malignis.
[Page 12]Ad generum Cereris sine caede & Sanguine pauci
Descendunt Reges, & siccâ morte Tyranni.
Eloquium aut famam Demosthenis aut Ciceronis
Incipit optare & totis Quinquatribus optat,
Quisquis adhuc uno partam colit asse Minervam,
Quem sequitur Custos, angustae vernula capsae,
Eloquio sed uter (que) perit Orator: utrum (que)
Largus & exundans Letho dedit ingenii fons.
Ingenio manus est, & cervix caesa, nec unquam
Sanguine Causidici maduerunt Rostra pusilli.
O Fortunatam natam me Consule Romam!
Antoni gladies posuit contemnere si sic
Omnia dixisset, ridenda poemata malo,
Quam Te conspicuae, Divina Philippica famae
Volueris a prima quae proxima. Saevus & illum
Exitus eripuit, quem mirabantur Athenae
Torrentem, & pleni moderantem fraena Theatri.
Diis ille adversis genitus, fato (que) sinistro,
Quem Pater ardentis massae fuligine lippus
A carbone & forcipibus gladios (que) parante
Incude, & luteo Vulcano ad Rhetora misit.
[Page 14]Bellorum exuviae truncis affixa Tropaeis
Lorica & fracta de casside buccula pendens.
Et curtum temone jugum victae (que) triremis
Aplustre, & summo tristis Captivus in arcu,
Humanis majora bonis creduntur: ad hoc se
Romanus Graius (que) ac Barbarus induperator
Erexit: causas discriminis at (que) laboris
Inde habuit. Tanto major Famae sitis est, quam
Virtutis. Quis enim Virtutem amplectitur ipsam,
Praemia si tollas? Patriam tamen obruit olim
Gloria paucorum, & laudis tituli (que) cupido
Haesuri saxis cinerum Custodibus: ad quae
Discutienda valent sterilis mala robora ficus:
Quandoquidem data sunt ipsis quo (que) fata sepulchris.
Expende Hannibalem: quot libras in Duce summo
Invenies? hic est, quem non capit Africa Mauro
Percussa Oceano Nilo (que) admota tepenti.
[Page 16]Rursus ad Aethiopium populos alios (que) Elephantos
Additur Imperiis Hispania: Pyrenaeum
Transilit Opposuit natura Alpem (que) nivem (que)
Diduxit scopulos & montem rupit aceto.
Jam tenet Italiam, tamen ultra pergere tendit.
Actum, inquit, nihil est, nisi Poeno milite portas
Frangimus, & mediâ vêxillum pono suburrâ.
O qualis facies & quali digna tabella
Cum Getula Ducem portaret bellua luscum!
Exitus ergo quis est? o gloria! vincitur idem
Nempe & in exilium praeceps fugit, at (que) ibi magnus
Mirandus (que) Cliens sedet ad Praetoria Regis,
Donec Bithyno libeat vigilare Tyranno.
Finem animae, quae res humanas miscuit olim
Non gladii, non saxa dabant, nec tela sed ille
Cannarum vindex & tanti sanguinis ultor
Annulus. I demens & savas curre per Alpes
Ʋt pueris placeas & Declamatio fias.
Ʋnus Pellaeo Juveni non sufficit orbis
Aest uat infelix augusto limite mundi.
[Page 18] Ʋt Gyarae clausus scopulis, parva (que) Seripho.
Cum tamen a figulis munitam intraverat Ʋrbem
Sarcophago c [...]ntentus erit. Mors. sola fatetur
Quantula sint hominum corpuscula, creditur olim
Velificatus Athos, & quicquid Graecia mendax
Audet in historia; constratum classibus iisdem
Suppositum (que) rotis solidum mare. Credimus altos
Defecisse amnes, epota (que) flumina Medo
Prandente, & madidis cantat quae Sostratus alis.
Ille tamen qualis rediit Salamine relictâ,
In Corum at (que) Eurum solitus saevire flagellis
Barbarus, Aeolio nunquam hoc in carcere passos,
Ipsum compedibus qui vinxer at Ennosigaeum?
Mitius id saue quod non & stigmate diguum
Credidit, huic quisquam vellet servire Deorum?
Sed qualis rediit? nempe una nave crnentis
Fluctibus, as tarda per densa cadavera prorâ.
Has toties optata exegit gloria poenas.
Da spatium vitae multos da Jupiter annos:
Hoc recto vulta, solum hoc & pallidus optas.
[Page 20]Sed quam continuis & quantis longa senectus
Plena malis: deformem & tetrum ante omnia vultum
Dissimilem (que) sui, deformem pro cute pellem,
Pendentes (que) genas, & tales adspice rugas,
Quales umbriferos ubi pandit Tabraca saltus
In vetula scalpit jam mater simia bucca.
Plurima sunt Juvenum discrimina, pulcrior ille
Hoc, atque ille alio, multum hic robustior illo.
Ʋna senum facies, cum voce trementia membra,
Et jam laeve caput, madidi (que) infantia nasi,
Frangendus misero gingiva panis inermi.
Ʋs (que) adeo gravis Ʋxori, gnatis (que) sibi (que)
Ʋt captatori moveat fastidia Cosso.
Non eadem vini, at (que) cibi torpente palato
Gaudia: nam coitus jam longa oblivio: vel si
Coneris, jacet exiguus cum ramice nervus,
Et, quamvis tota palpetur nocte, jacebit.
Anne aliquid sperare potest haec inguinis agri
Canities?
[Page 22]—quid quod merito suspecta libido est,
Quae Venerem adfectat sine viribus? adspice partis
Nunc Damnum alterius. Nam quae cantante voluptas:
Sit licet eximius Citharaedo sive Seleucus,
Et quibus aurata mos est fulgere lacerna?
Quid refert, magni sedeat qua parte Theatri,
Qui vix cornicines exaudiet, at (que) tubarum
Concentus? clamore opus est ut sentiat auris
Quem dicat venisse puer, quot nunciet horas.
Praeterea minimus gelido jam in corpore sanguis
Febre calet solâ: circumsilit agmine facto
Morborum omne genus; quorum si nomina quaeras,
Promptius expediam quot amaverit Hippia maechos,
Quot Themison aegros autumno occiderit uno,
Quot Basilus socios, quot circumscripserit Irus
Pupillos: quot longa viros exsorbeat uno
Maura die, quot discipulos inclinet Hamillus.
Percurram citius quot villas possideat nunc
Quo tondente gravis juveni mihi barba sonabat.
Ille humero, hic lumbis, hic coxa debilis, ambos
Perdidit ille oculos, & Luscis invidet.
[Page 24]—hujus
Pallida labra cibum accipiunt digitis alienis.
Ipse ad conspectum caenae diducere rictum
Suetus, hiat tantum, ceu pullus hirundinis, ad quem
Ore volat pleno mater jejuna. Sed omni
Membrorum damno major dementia: quae nec
Nomina servorum, nec vultum agnoscit Amici
Cum quo praeterita caenavit nocte, nec illos
Quos genuit, quos eduxit. Nam codice saevo
Hoeredes vetat esse suos, bona tota feruntur
Ad Phialen: tantum artificis valet halitus oris
Quod steterat multis in carcere fornicis annis.
Ʋt vigeant sensus animi, ducenda tamen sunt
Funera gnatorum, rogus adspicendus amatae
Conjugis, & fratris, plenae (que) sororibus urnae.
Haec data poena diu viventibus, ut renovata
Semper clade domus multis in luctibus, inque
Perpetuo maerore & nigra veste senescant.
Rex Pylius, magno si quicquam credis Homero,
Exemplum vitae fuit a cornice secundae.
Felix nimirum, qui tot per secula mortem
Distulit, at (que) suos jam dextra computat annos
Qui (que) novum toties mustum bibit. Oro parumper
Attendas, quantum de legibus ipse queratur
Fatorum,
[Page 26]—& nimio de flamine, cum videt acris
Antilochi barbam ardentem: cum quaerit ab omni
Quisquis adest socius, cur haec in tempora duret,
Quod facinus dignum tam longo admiserit aevo?
Haec eadem Peleus, raptum cum luget Achillem,
At (que) alius, cui fas Ithacon lugere natantem.
Incolumi Troja Priamus venisset ad umbras
Assaraci magnis solemnibus, Hectore funus
Portante, ac reliquis fratrum cervicibus, inter
Iliadum lacrymas, ut primos edere planctus
Cassandra inciperet, scissa (que) Polyxena palla:
Si foret extinctus diverso tempore, quo non
Caeperit audaces Paris edificare carinas.
Longa dies igitur quid contulit? omnia vidit
Eversa, & flammis Asiam, ferro (que) cadentem.
Tunc miles tremulus posita tulit arma tiara,
Et ruit ante aram summi Jovis, ut vetulus bos
Qui Domini cultris tenue & miserabile collum
Praebet, ab ingrato jam fastiditus aratro.
[Page 28]Exitus ille utcun (que) hominis: sed torva canino
Latravit rictu, quae post hunc vixerat, Ʋxor.
Festino ad nostros, & Regem transeo Ponti,
Et Craesum, quem vox justi facunda Solonis
Respicere ad longae jussit spatia ultima vitae.
Exsilium & carcer Minturnarum (que) paludes
Et mendicatus victa Carthagine panis,
Hinc causas habuere. Quid illo Cive tulisset
Natura in terris, quid Roma beatius unquam,
Si circumducto captivorum agmine, & omni
Bellorum pompa, animam exhalasset opimam,
Cum de Teutonico vellet descendere curru?
Provida Pompeio dederat Campania febres
Optandos: Sed multae Ʋrbes & publica Vota
Vicerunt. Igitur fortuna ipsius, & Ʋrbis
Servatum victo caput abstulit. Hoc cruciatu
Lentulus, hac poena caruit, cecidit (que) Cethegus
Integer, & jacuit Catilina cadavere toto.
Formam optat modico pueris, majore puellis
Murmure, cum Veneris fanum videt anxia Mater
Us (que) ad delicias votorum. Cur tamen inquit
Corripias?
[Page 30]—pulcra gaudet Latona Diana,
Sed vetat optari faciem Lucretia, qualem
Ipsa habuit. Cuperet Rutilae Virginia gibbum
Accipere, at (que) suum Rutilae dare. Filius autem
Corporis egregii, miseros, trepidos (que) Parentes
Semper habet. Rara est adeo concordia formae
At (que) pudicitiae; sanctos licet horrida mores
Tradiderit domus, ac veteres imitata Sabinas.
Praeterea castum ingenium, Vultum (que) modesto
Sanguine ferventem tribuat Natura benigna
Larga manu, (quid enim puero conferre potest plus
Custode & cura natura potentior omni?)
Non licet esse viros: Nam prodiga corruptoris
Improbitas ipsos audet tentare Parentes,
Tanta in muneribus fiducia. Nullus ephebum
Deformem saeva castravit in arce Tyrannus:
Nec praetextatum rapuit Nero loripedem, nec
Strumosum, at (que) utero pariter, gibbo (que) tumentem,
I nunc & Juvenis specie laetare tui, quem
Majora expectant discrimina. Fiet Adulter
Publicus, & poenas metuit, quascun (que) mariti
Irati debent: nec erit felicior astro
Martis, ut in laqueo nunquam incidat.—
[Page 32]—exigit autem
Interdum ille dolor plus, quam lex ulla dolori
Concessit. Necat hic ferro, secat ille cruentis
Verberibus, quosdam maechos & mugilis intrat.
Sed tuus Endymion dilectae fiet Adulter
Matronae: Mox cum dederit Servilia nummos
Fiet & illius, quam non amat: exuet omnem
Corporis ornatum. Quid enim ulla negaverit udis
Inguinibus, sive est haec Hippia, sive Catulla?
Deterior totos habet illic Foemina mores.
Sed casto quid forma nocet, quid profuit immo
Hippolito grave propositum? quid Bellerophonti?
Erubuit nempe haec, ceu fastidita repulso.
Nec Sthenobaea minus quam Cressa excanduit, & se
Concussere ambae. Mulier saevissima tunc est,
Cum stimulos odio pudor admovet. Elige quidnam
Suadendum esse putes, cui nubere Caesaris Ʋxor
Destinat. Optimus hic & formosissimus idem
Gentis Patriciae rapitur miser extinguendus
Messalinae oculis:
[Page 34]—Dudum sedet illa parato
Flammeolo, Tyrius (que) palam genialis in hortis
Sternitur, & ritu decies centena dabuntur
Antiquo: Veniet cum signatoribus Auspex.
Haec tu secreta & paucis commissa putabis?
Non nisi legitime vult nubere: quid placeat, dic:
Ni parere velis, pereundum erit ante lucernas.
Si scelus admittas, dabitur mora parvula, dum res
Nota Ʋrbi & populo contingat Principis aures.
Dedecus ille domus sciet ultimus: interea Tu
Obsequere imperio, si tanti vita dierum
Paucorum. Quidquid melius levius (que) putaris,
Praebenda est Gladio pulchra haec & candida cervix.
Nil ergo optabunt homines? Si consilium vis,
Permittes ipsis expendere Numinibus, quid
Conveniat nobis, rebus (que) sit utile nostris.
Nam pro jucundis aptissima quae (que) dabunt Dii.
Carior est illis homo quam sibi. Nos animorum
Impulsu & coeca magna (que) cupidine ducti,
Conjugium petimus, partum (que) Ʋxoris: at illis
Notum qui Pueri, qualis (que) sutura sit Ʋxor.
[Page 36] Ʋt tamen & poscas aliquid, voveas (que) sacellis
Exta, & candiduli Divina tomacula porci:
Orandum est, ut sit mens sana in corpore sano.
Fortem posce animum, mortis terrore carentem:
Qui spatium vitae extremum inter munera ponat
Naturoe. Qui ferre quoat quoscun (que) labores,
Nesciat irasci, cupiat nihil, & potiores
Herculis aerumnas credat saevos (que) labores,
Et venere & caenis & pluma Sardanapali.
Monstro quod ipse Tibi possis dare. Semita certe
Tranquillae per virtutem patet unica vitoe.
Nullum Numen habes si sit Prudentia: Nos te,
Nos facimus, Fortuna, Deam, coelo (que) locamus.
Finis Sat. 10.

Illustrations on the Tenth Satyr of Juvenal.

(1.) THE Spaniards call it Cadiz, corruptly Calis, we call it Cales, an Island scituate at the South-side of Spain, without the Streights of Gibraltar, where they feign'd Hercules to have set up two Pillars with his Ne plus ultra. This the Ancients thought to be the farthest part of the Earth Eastward.

(2.) The great River in the East-Indies, dividing them into two parts, extra and intra Gangem: The old Scholiast says, Juvenal means the whole Earth by Synecdoche.

(3.) Here I differ from Lubin, and Farnaby, (as Mr. Holyday does) who interpret dextro pede with most pro­sperous Auspicies. For tho' Turnebus says, Lib. 29. cap. 35. Dextra cum erant, Numina favere credebantur, Laeva con­tra. Yet in auspiciis quae sinistra sunt bene eventura pu­tantur among the Romans says Alex. ab Alex. gen. dier. lib. 5. cap. 13. in taking their Auspicia, the Thunder and Lightning was supposed to come from the right hand of the God, when it was on the left hand of the Auspex. Laeva auspicia answer to dextra Numina; and so vice versa, and so intonuit Laevum Aeneid 2, is expounded by Dona­tus. So that dextro pede could not be meant in Farnaby, and Lubins sence. But the Romans thinking the Right Limbs were naturally more strong and worthy than the Left, superstitiously fancied, That that Progress was lucki­est that begun with the right Foot. Some Jockies here among us superstitiously believe, That if the Horse step out of the Stable with his right foot he will win the Race, otherwise not.

[Page 38](4.) I have Translated faciles literally, easy; be­cause I take it to be as good English as it is Latin.

(5.) Milo was a Man of predigious strength as Strabo writes of him: But going through a Forrest in Italy, seeing an Oak in part split, he endeavour'd to rend it farther, and it closed with a spring upon him, and held him till he became a prey to Wild Beasts.

(6.) Tho' Juvenal calls them Brittish Whales, and Lubin says, they are the greatest that are; yet we scarce see one in an Age here, and then not the greatest.

(7.) Caius Cassius Longinus a very rich Lawyer, Nero commanded his Eyes to be put out, and afterwards or­der'd him to be kill'd; upon pretence of having Cassius his Image who stab'd Julius Caesar in his House: But the true reason was for his great wealth.

(8.) Nero's Tutor, an excellent Moral Philosopher, he had most magnificent Gardens, and was prodigiously Rich, as Tacitus says, lib. 13. That in the fourth year of Nero he was worth 100000 Sestertia; which Mr. Holyday com­putes to be 781250 l. sterling, and he improved this Estate four years after that. At the command of Nero, his Veins were cut, and he bled to death: He was accused by Ruffus, and Tigellinus, upon pretence that he was in Pi­sa"s Cospiracy.

(9.) Plautius Lateranus appointed Consul, whom Nero commanded to be kill'd, so suddenly, that he would not give leave that he should embrace his Children. Turius the Tribune dispatched him, Tacit. 15.

(10.) Poor People always lay in the Cock-lofts, into which they climbed with Ladders, Juven. Satyr. 3.

(11.) Contus signifies a Quant or Sprett, with which they shove Boats; it also signifies a stronger sort of Spear, and a Weapon wherewith they used to fight with wild Beasts: But I take it here to be a strong Staff with an Iron [Page 39] at the end of it; like that which Tinkers, Pedlers, and Foot-pads use: And therefore I have Translated it a Quar­ter-staff; and Foot-pads Rob most in the night.

(12.) Vows or Prayers, which when they were asham'd of, they did, susurrare, mumble them in secret; but otherwise they spoke 'em loud, as Persius says, aperto vi­vere voto.

(13.) The Senators and great wealthy men were wont to put their Money in Iron Chests, and place them in the forum for fear of Fire. First in Mars his Temple in the Forum of Augustus, till that was Rob'd, which the Poet mentions Sat. 14. after that in the Temple of Castor and Pollux, which was in the Forum Romanum; after that in Trajans Forum, and as the old Scholiast says, the place was call'd Opes.

(14.) Because the Poor drink in them, whom none hate, envy, or would supplant.

(15.) The Romans used to drink in Golden Cups a­dorn'd with Precious Stones. Vid. Sat. 5. from the 37th. Line to the 46th.

(16.) Excellent Wine named from Setia a Town or City in Campania.

(17.) The Commentators doubting about this place say, That Ardebit may signify that Wine looks of a flame co­lour in Gold Cups; or that it may be applied to the burn­ing poyson in the Cup: I am bold to apply it to the Wine, and translate it Sparkle.

(18.) Democritus of Abdera a City in Thrace, an A­natomical Philosopher, who, whenever he stir'd out, laugh'd continually at the vanities and follies of mankind, there­fore sirnamed Gelasinus the Laugher. Some People sent Hippocrates to him, taking him to be mad; but Hippocra­tes thought him otherwise.

[Page 41](19.) Heraclitus a Philosopher of Ephesus, who al­ways wept at the follies, villanies and miseries of man­kind, he liv'd in the time of the last Darius; he was sir­named [...] for his obscure stile.

(20.) A White Mantle border'd with Purple, worn by Consuls, Dictators, Praetors, and great men who had born great Offi [...]es; and by the Sons of Noblemen, till they put on the manly Gown.

(21.) A Robe or Mantle of which there were three sorts, one all Purple for the Gods, another streak'd with beams of White and Purple for Kings; and a Third of Purple and Scarlet, worn by the Augur when he took his Augury. See Alex. ab Alex. gen. Dier. lib. 5. cap. 18.

(22.) Horse-litters which were very lofty, and mag­nificently rich, in which they might sit or lye, carried by their Slaves. See Sat. 3.

(23.) The bundle of Rods carried before Dictators, Consuls, and the Praetor Ʋrbanus, with an Ax bound to it, not in it.

(24.) The place at the end of the Judgment Hall raised and rounded, where stood the Sella Curulis, or Judgment-seat, on which the Praetor sate.

(25.) The place where the Romans saw Chariot-races and other Games.

(26.) Here the Poet makes the Praetor and Consul to be the same; and anciently the same man was call'd by both names, Praetor a Praecundo, and Consul a Consulendo Senatum: But this was before the Praetor Ʋrbanus, some­what like our Lord Mayor was made, as Lubin notes from Pedianus.

(27.) They were wont to stand in their Triumphal Chariots, Sat. 8. lib. 3. Stantes in Curribus Aemilianos.

(28.) These Triumphal Robes were brought out of the Temple of Jupiter, and given to him who was to Tri­umph: [Page 42] See Alex. ab Alex. Gen. Dierum, Lib. 5. cap. 18. The Toga and the Tunica are here different most certain­ly, tho' some would have it otherwise.

(29.) Publick Servants were the Servants of the Ma­gistrates, as they were Magistrates, and were bought in the name of the Commonwealth, and employ'd in publick works. This is to distinguish him from his own proper Slave.

* This Servant rode behind the Triumpher in the same Chariot, and put him in mind of Instruments of punish­ment affix'd to the Chariot, and cryed out to him, Re­spice post te memento te esse hominem, Look behind you, remember you are a Man, and bid him mind the Whip and the Bell. Lubin and Farnaby.

(30.) He that Triumph'd bore an Ivory Scepter, with an Eagle seeming to rise and fly from it.

(31.) Clients were Retainers or Followers of Great men.

(32.) The Colour of the Mantle or Sleeveless Gown for the better sort was White, and this they wore (as Pan­cirollus says) Lib. 1. Tit. 43. at all publick Shows.

(33.) They march'd on each side of his Chariot.

(34.) Sportula was the Supper or entertainment which the Rex, or Patron gave his Clients, which at first was a Supper, but afterwards was turn'd into Money: As here it is meant, Defossa in Loculis quos Sportula fecit Amicos. When they entertain'd them liberally at Supper, it was call'd Caena recta: but the more proud and sordid great men gave them out Baskets of Mea [...], and Money at their doors. See Sat. 1. line 95. where Juvenal lashes the base­ness of a proud luxurious fellow, who would have Seven Dishes to himself alone, and keep out his Clients. 'Tis hard to imagine that free Citizens of good Condition, should be so slavish to follow the Sportula, as you may see, Sat. 1. after line 95.

[Page 43](34.) Vervecum in patria Crasso (que) sub Aere nasci. The Countrey of Weathers, sheepish, doltish fellows which I translate Sheeps-heads. Crasso sub Aere, like that in Baectia, good rich Pasture, but thick moist Air. We observe here that the driest Climate, and thinnest Air, produces the quickest Wits, Hor. in Epist. Baeo [...]um crasso jurares in Aere natum.

(35.) The Ancients were wont when they made their Vows to the Gods, to write them, some in Papers, and some in Waxen Tables, and with Wax, to fix them to the Knees of the Gods: As says Farnaby, the old Scholiast, Lubin and Turnebus, lib. adv. 1. cap. 21.

(36.) The Scholiast interprets this otherwise than Lubin, and in my Opinion more truly to be a Brass Plate fix'd under their Images, containing every degree of their Titles and Honours.

(37.) When any great Man was condemn'd of a ca­pital crime, his Statue was pull'd down, drag'd about the Streets, and flung down the Gemonies, Tacit. lib. 3. An­nal. See Satyr. 8. line 18. and Lubin upon it.

(38.) Their Statues were Erected in their Chariots. See Sat. 8. Stantes in Curribus Aemilianos.

(39.) Here the Poet represents the people speaking to one another (not to the Emperor as Lubin would have it) to Crown their Houses with Bays and Laurel, as the Custom was in any general Joy: And this was to congra­tulate the Emperors Happiness in being deliver'd from his dangerous Enemy Sejanus, his chief Minister, and but a while before his greatest Favourite, whose extravagant Ambition had made him design the destruction of the Em­peror; and Ʋsurpation.

(40.) They used to Sacrifice a white Bull to Jupiter, which Colour was, as they thought, acceptable to him. To the Coelestial Gods they offer'd White sacrifices, to the Infernal, Black, says Brittanicus.

[Page 44](41.) Before he speaks of his statue being dragg'd a­bout; now of his Body, which was, like other great Malefactors bodies, drawn by a Hook in his Throat, and thrown down the Scalae Gemoniae, which were on the A­ventine near the Temple of Juno, Alex. ab Alex. Gen. dier. lib. 3. cap. 5.

(42.) One of the Citizens speaks, beholding the Car­kass.

(43.) Another Citizen speaks.

(44.) A third answers.

(45.) The subtle Letter which Tyberius sent to the Senate, which caused the immediate destruction of Seja­nus, who was kill'd by the Soldiers, drawn thither for that purpose.

(46.) A Rocky Island not far from Surrentum a City in Campania.

(47.) Another Citizen speaks; these were not the Rabble, but as good as our Common-Councel men that were.

(48.) Here the Poet speaks in his own person, for twelve lines together, of all the Crowd.

(49.) Sejanus was a Tuscan, and Nurscia was the Pro­tectress of the Countrey; by some thought to be For­tune.

(50) Since the Emperors had deprived them of their right of chusing their Officers by Votes.

(51.) Tessarae Frumentariae, it is thought were here intended, which were Tokens brought to the Overseer, Praefectus dividendi frumenti, for the dividing the Corn, by which the poorer sort claim'd an allowance of Corn Monthly; but Lubin says it is to be understood thus, That now the people grown supine, or slothful and base, car'd for nothing but food for necessity, and Games or Races in the Circus.

[Page 45](52.) Here the Citizens speak again.

(53.) Here the Commentators keep a great stir about the expression Magna est fornacula: But it seems most naturally to be meant of the Emperor's Breast, which tho' little, has great rage or heat in it.

(54.) Lubin applies Victus ne poenas exigat Ajax, to the Emperor: viz. That his Cause being ill defended by the Senate, he would run mad, and kill Man and Beast like Ajax; but he says many apply it to Brutidius, and it seems to me that those many are in the right.

(55.) Tiberius had given power to slaves to swear a­gainst their Masters, contrary to the Roman Law. These were the better and middle sort of Citizens.

(56.) The private Retiring Rooms, where Tyberius practised his foul lusts and villanous debaucheries.

(57.) The Praetorian Camp were the Guards to the Emperors person, which Sejanus Commanded, which were incamped about the East side of Rome; and when the Emperor was in the field, they were always about his Pavilion.

(58.) Aediles were the lowest of Magistrates, who overlook'd Weights and Measures.

(59.) Julius Caesar, who by his perpetual Dictatorship brought the Roman Citizens under his lash.

(60.) The word Reges and Tyranni were become odi­ous to the Romans ever since the time of the Tarquins: And Juvenal here declares himself a Republican.

(61.) There was a five days Festival kept in Rome in honour to Minerva, the Goddess of Wit and Learning, which according to the Roman Calender began on the 19th. of March, and ended the 23d. and this was call'd the Quinquatria.

(62.) Cicero's Head and Hands were cut off, and fix'd to the Rostra by the command of Antonius: And De­mosthenes [Page 46] the famous Athenian Orator, Plato's Scholar, when Antipater succeeded Alexander, to prevent being apprehended by Archias (who was sent after him when he fled) took Poyson which he had in a Pen. See Plu­tarch.

(63) The Rostra signifies the place, or the Pulpit from which they spoke Orations to the people, call'd Rostra first from the stems or heaks of Ships of the Antiates, where­with the Pulpit was adorn'd.

(64.) O fortunatam Natam me Consule Romam, a very mean Verse, made by Cicero, notwithstanding Scaligers vindication of it. I found it impossible to be translated; but I have written with the same fault, as Consul Consult.

(65.) A most incomparable Invective Oration of Ci­cero's against Anthony, which he remember'd, and paid him home for't.

(66.) The Theatre at Athens was the place where the people were wont to hear Orations concerning weighty matters of the Commonwealth, as Diodorus Siculus, Plu­tarch, and Isocrates testify, and is to be found in the Acts of the Apostles, chap. 19. verse 29. The people rush'd, [...].

(67.) Demosthenes his Father was a Sword-cutler.

(68.) The Conquerors used to put the following spoyls upon the stumps of Trees, which were call'd Trophies; and this was done where they put the Enemies to flight in memory of the Victory.

(69.) Upon the gaining of some City or Country to the Commonwealth, they used to erect a Triumphal Arch of Marble, with Inscriptions in Brass, expressing the Con­queror and the sad Captive.

(70.) By Barbarcus Emperor is meant the Persian.

(71.) The Wild fig-tree will grow through Stone­walls.

[Page 47](72.) The famous Carthaginian Captain, who Warr'd Sixteen years with the Romans.

(73.) To the exceeding heats in the Country about Nilus in Aegypt.

(74.) A Great Region on the South part of Egypt, now called the Abyssines, or Prester John's Country.

(75.) The Mountains that part Spain from France.

(76.) The high Mountains that part France from Italy and Germany. As Livy writes, by making vast fires upon the Rocks, and pouring a huge quantity of Vinegar upon them, he broke them, and made them crumble. But this is surely thought fabulous by Polybius, who omits it as is supposed for that reason.

(77.) An Elephant from the Getuli, a people of Africk; or as Lubin says, from Getulia.

(78.) When he was Conquered by Scipio Africanus in Africk, he was Condemn'd to Banishment. He fled to Antiochus King of Syria, suspecting him, be left him, and came to Prusias King of Bythinia, &c. Of him the Romans demanded Hannibal to be sent to them. Lubin renders Praetoria Regis, the King's Judgment-Seat, tho' it may be the King's Pavilion.

(79.) The Great slaughter which Hannibal made of the Romans at Cannae, where so many of the Equestrian Order fell, that several Measures were fill'd with the Rings taken from their Fingers, which he sent to Car­thage. To avoid being delivered to the Romans by the King of Bythinia, he took Poyson which he had kept in a Ring.

(80.) Alexander the Great, born at Pella a City in Macedonia, call'd by Juvenal here Pellaeus Juvenis, who as Plutarch writes, hearing Anaxagoras discourse of infinite Worlds, wept, and being ask'd by his Friends the Reason of his weeping, Have I not reason, says he, since there are [Page 48] Infinite Worlds, and I have with so much toyl and pain scarce conquer'd one?

(81.) Gyara was a barren, little Rockey Island in the Aegean Sea, one of the Cyclades, whither the Romans used to Banish people, see Satyr 1. Aude aliquod brevibus Gyaris.

(82.) Seryphus one of the Cyclades, or Sporades too.

(83.) Here at Babylon Cassander Poyson'd him.

(84.) Athos a Promontory of Macedonia, said to be cut off from the Continent by Xerxes; and that then he Sail'd with all his Fleet about it.

(85.) The Sea betwixt Sestos and Abydos, which he joyn'd by a Bridg as Justin says, lib. 2. It was of little Ships, or great Boats.

(86.) The Persian Emperor.

(87.) A Greek Poet who writ of this Expedition in­to Greece, who Juvenal thinks wrote when he was almost drunk, he wrote so extravagantly.

(88.) An Island belonging to Attica, near which The­mistocles in a Sea-fight gave him a total defeat.

(89.) For breaking his Bridg of Ships, or great Boats as he did.

(90.) Corus is a Westerly Wind, and Eurus Easterly.

(91.) The God of the Winds, who is said to keep the Winds in Caves or Prisons, and at his pleasure to let them loose. See Neptunes Speech to him in the Aeneids.

(92.) Neptune the God of the Sea, who was feign'd to cause Earthquakes with a blow of his Trident, whom Xerxes was said to Fetter when he made his Bridg.

(93.) When Slaves ran away, and were taken again, they Branded them on the forehead.

(94.) A great Wood upon the Coast of Africk, full of Monkies and Baboons.

[Page 49](95.) Wife to Veiento a Senator, who ran away from her Husband with Sergius, a Gladiator, to Egypt, Sat. 6. v. 83.

(96.) Themison was a great Physician commended by Pliny and Celsus.

(97.) Those of the Provinces which were Conquered, and had the Priviledges of Romans, were call'd Socii, or Associates.

(98.) A Praefect or Governor of Provinces.

(99.) Irus a notorious cheating Guardian; by Lubin he is call'd Irus, by Schrevelius his Edition, with the No­tae variorum, he is call'd Hircus.

(100.) A Lewd Common Whore, Sat. 6. v. 307.

(1.) A filthy Sodomitical Schoolmaster.

(2.) Licinius, or as some will have it, Cinnamus, who in Juvenal's youth was his Barber, now a rich Senator, as the Scholiast and Lubin say. The Poet here repeats the same Verse of him which he wrote of him in the first Sa­tyr, Vers. 25.

(3.) An Infamous Common Strumpet, who had been long in a Baudy-house before he had her; she stood at the door to inveagle Passengers. No doubt the Poet had some one in his Eye who had done this.

(4.) The Romans lay'd the Bodies of the Dead upon a Funeral Pile, burn'd them, and put the Ashes into an Ʋrn with the Bones. These Ʋrns were Vessels of Earth or Brass, holding four Gallons and a half a piece; and so they placed the better sort in stately Vaults belonging to their Families. Pancirollus tells us, Lib. 1. Tit. 62. To preserve the Ashes from mixing with other Ashes, they wrapt the Body in a Sheet made of a sort of Flax called Asbestinum and Asbeston, mentioned by Pliny, lib. 29. cap. 1. which would not burn, and fire did but cleanse it, which is now to be seen.

[Page 50](5.) Nestor King of Pylos, who liv'd almost 300 years, The Crow they believed to live 900.

(6.) The Ancient Greeks reckon'd their Figures to a Hundred upon the Left hand, and to a Thousand upon the Right; so when he had lived past a 100, he reckon'd his Age upon his Right hand.

(7.) The Father of Achilles was so unhappy to live till old age, to bewail the death of his Son, treacherously slain by Darts by Paris and Deiphobus in Apollo's Temple, when he thought to have Married Polixena.

(8.) Ʋlisses, for whom his old Father Laertes mourn'd while he wandred for Ten years at Sea, after the Siege of Troy, ere he could get home again. He was call'd Ithacus from Ithaca an Island in the Ionian Sea, of which he was Lord. The Poet insinuates that these two old men had been happier if they had died before these Misfortunes of their Sons.

(9.) Priam the last King of Troy, slain by Pyrrhus at the destruction of Troy, after he had reigned Fifty two years.

(10.) Priam's, Son Priam, had 49 Sons more and 12 Daughters.

(11.) Priam's Daughter a Prophetess.

(12.) Polyxena another Daughter very fair, whom A­chilles desired in Marriage, &c. And after the destruction of Troy, in revenge for Achilles his death, was kill'd by his Son Pyrrhus Neoptolemus upon his Fathers Tomb.

(13) Another Son of Priam's, who set out a Fleet to steal Helena the Wife of Menelaus, which was the occasion of the destruction of Troy after ten years siege.

(14.) Where he was slain by Pyrrhus.

(15.) The old useless Ox, for there was a Law both among the Romans and the Graecians, De non mactando bove aratore, not to kill a Plowing Ox, despised by the un­grateful [Page 51] Plow, is a very bold Catechresis, but 'tis my Authors. Ab ingrato jam fastiditus aratro.

(14.) Hecuba Wife to Priam, who for her perpetual reproaching the Greeks, and lamenting the fate of her Husband, Children, and the Trojans, was feign'd to be turn'd into a Bitch.

(15.) Mithridates King of Pontus, aged sixty nine years, had Reign'd fifty seven, Warr'd against the Romans forty; being at last wholly overthrown, when he could not dye by Poyson, having in his life time, as 'tis said, con­stantly taken Antidotes against it, made one of his Soldiers kill him. See Florus, lib. 3. cap. 5.

(16.) King of Lydia, the richest Man then living, shewing his Treasure to Solon, one of the Seven wise Men of Greece, and Law-giver to the Athenians, ask'd him if he had known any Man happier than himself? To whom So­lon replied, he had known several; and instanc'd in them, telling him he must look to the end; for no Man could be judged happy till they had seen all his life—and Ovid says,— Dici (que) beatus

Nemo ante obitum suprema (que) funera Debet.

(17.) Marius sirnamed Cajus, born of a very obscure Family; see Sat. 8. v. 245. by his Valour raised himself: He was six times Consul before Sylla forc'd him to fly, when he was put to miserable shifts to save his life. Min­turvae's Fenns are in Latium, now call'd Campania di Roma, where he was catch'd and Imprison'd; one was sent to Execute him, but he was astonish'd at the majestick presence of him, and could not do it; from thence he escaped, fled to Carthage, and beg'd in the Ruines of that City: after­wards he was recall'd by Cinna, and a seventh time made Consul. See Plutarch.

[Page 52](18.) The Chariot in which he was carried when he Triumph'd over the Cimbri, a people of Denmark and Holstein; and the Teutones, a people of Germany call'd Tu­esch, or Ofsterlings.

(19.) After his overthrow at Pharsalia, he fled to E­gypt, where, by the Treachery of Ptolomy, his Head was cut off.

(20.) One of the Conspiracy with Cataline, who was strangled in Prison.

(21.) Another of the Conspirators, who died the same Death.

(22.) The chief Conspirator, who died fighting with his Enemies. See Salust.

(23) Here my Author passes to Beauty.

In the Temple of Venus the Goddess of Beauty.

(24.) The Goddess of Hunting, Daughter to Latona and Jupiter.

(25.) Here the Poet Answers the Question supposed to be ask'd by the Mother, Why do you blame me?

(26.) Lucretia the Wife of Collatinus, for her Beauty Ravish'd by Tarquin, upon which she killed her self.

(27.) The Daughter of a Captain, Virginius, whom Appius, one of the Decemviri, caused his Pimp Clodius to claim as his Bondwoman, that he might the more easily cor­rupt her; at which her Father slew her: See Florus, lib. 1. cap. 14. The Rape of Lucrece was the occasion of the Expulsion of their Kings, and Kingly Authority; and the fate of Virginia, was the occasion of the abolishing the Government of the Decemviri, with the death of Appius and Clodius.

(28.) An ugly crooked Woman, who lived till she was 97 years old: Pliny, lib. 7. takes notice of her.

[Page 53](29.) A People of Italy, near Rome, famous for the Chastity of their Women, and their Piety and Religion to the Gods: A People who lived plainly, homelily, and vir­tuously.

(30.) This Corrupter, is either he that would make a Pathick of the handsom Boy, or Gueld him, and in both Cases they may be said not to remain men.

(31.) Sporus was a youth whom Nero endeavour'd to turn into a Woman, by Guelding, &c. and Incision.

(32.) Whom Vulcan caught in a Net while he was ly­ing with Venus, feign'd to be a Planet.

(33.) It was an Ancient punishment of Adulterers a­mong the Romans, to take the Mugilis, which we Tran­slate a Mullet, but it must be unlike ours, a very prickly Fish, which they ramm'd up the Fundament. The Atheni­ans punish'd them in like manner with a Raddish-Root.

(34.) A Nick name, Ironically given to this Mothers nown Son, from Endymion, beloved by the Moon, as the Poets feign.

(35.) Lubin calls this Servilia, Mother to M. Brutus; if it were she, he must mean deform'd by Age, for she was Concubine to Julius Caesar: nor could she be living now.

(36.) A Noble, Rich, and Prodigal Woman.

(37.) A Rich and Covetous Woman.

(38.) A Question put by the Mother.

(39.) The Poet Answers.

(40.) Hyppolitus the Son of Theseus King of Athens, whom his Mother in Law Phaedra fell in Love with, and when he refused her, enraged thereat, she accused him to her Husband of attempting to Ravish her. He fled from his Fathers rage, the Horses in the Chariot being frighted by two Sea Monsters, ran away up to the Hills, and he and his Chariot were torn in Pieces. He had made a Vow of Chastity, and follow'd Hunting, where­fore [Page 54] Diana requested Aesculapius, as they feign, to restore him to life, which was done, and he went afterwards into Italy, where he was call'd, Virbius quia bis Vir.

(41.) The Son of Glaucus King of Ephyra, whom Sthe­nobea Wife to Praetus King of the Argives was so taken with, that She courted him to lye with her, which he re­fusing, she accused him to her Husband of attempting her, which cost Belleroph [...]n abundance of troubles and dan­gers, and hardly could he scape with life at last.

(42.) Cajus Silius who was appointed to be Consul.

(43.) The Wife of Claudius the Emperor, mention'd Sat. 6. who when Claudius went but to Ostia, would needs Marry this Cajus Silius publickly, with all the Ceremonies used at publick Marriages.

(44.) The Auspex was always present at the Marriage, and sacrificed, &c.

(45.) The Notaries were by to see the Writings sign'd and seal'd.

(46.) This is spoken to Silius.

(47.) Here he intimates that his Beauty was the cause of his death; he was afterwards Crucified by Claudius his Command, before Messalina's Eyes.

The old Scholiast makes Claudius to be by, and sign the Marriage Writings, dissembling his consent.

(48.) Tomacula were pieces of Liver and Pork inclosed in the Guts of the Hog, and like what we call Sausages.

Swine were the most Ancient Sacrifices, as Varro says.

(49.) Sardanapalus, the last King of the Assyrian Mo­narchy, so excessively Effeminate and Luxurious, that his Captains conspired against him to kill him: But he made a Pile of all his precious things, and burn'd himself in his Palace.

(50) The labours of Hercules are so commonly spoken of, they need not be told here.

[Page 55](51.) I here follow the Lovre Print, and another Edi­tion, in little, which I have seen.

Nullum numen habes, si sit Prudentia nos te
Nos facimus fortuna deam coelo (que) locamus.

which seems to express the Author's meaning better than the common reading:

Nullum numen abest si sit Prudentia sed te
Nos facimus fortuna deam coelo (que) locamus.
No Deity is wanting to the Wise;
We Fools make Fortune so, and place her in the Skies.

I have follow'd the former, because I think he does not mean that the Gods are always on the Wise-mens side, who are often unsuccessful; or that wise men needed no Gods, who had bidden 'em leave all to the Gods before; but that they had no need of the assistance of Fortune for a quiet life, and Fortune is no Deity to the wise, but to Fools.

Fortune thou art no Goddess to the Wise.
Fools make thee so, and place thee in the Skies.
FINIS.

ERRATA.

IN the Epistle, page 2. instead of I must think, read I may think. In the Translation, p. 1. for Longimus, Longinus. p. 2. for Aurorem, Auroram; for extuperans, exsuperans; for noste, nocte. p 4. for codem, eodem p. 6. R. fortunae. p. 7. for 'am, 'em. p. 14. for induperator with a little I, a great one. p. 12. for posuit, potuit. p. 15. for Captive, Captain. p. 26. for slamine-stamine. p. 28. for Optandos, Optandas. p. 32. for Immo, Olim; tho' the Edition with the Notae Variorum, has it Immo. p. 38. for Pisa's, Piso's. p. 1. for Cousul, Consul.

This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal. The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.