L. An Essay of the Contempt of Greatness: being a Dialogue of
Lucian made English.
Lucian,
WIth a long beard and broad, with hair untrim'd,
Coatless, and shooe-less, almost naked limb'd;
A wandring life you lead, as
beasts do do,
No certain place are you confin'd unto:
On the bare ground, and in the open
air,
You rest your bones; the
mantle which you wear,
Your
only garment both for night and day;
Though
rough and
course, had worn it self
away;
But by the
dirt that does thereon abide,
Its gaping cranies daily are supply'd;
The
earth and
air both, you about you bear:
As
earth 'tis dirty, and as thin as
air:
Grave Sir, what may you be pray?
Cynicus
Young-man, why
Seems this so strange t' you? here you see live I
Content with what I can with
ease obtain,
And without injury or danger gain:
What costs no
grief, nor
trouble, I can feed
And cloath my self withall, I nothing
need,
All, but what serves to
nourish, warm, and
hide:
Pray tell me, do you think, that vitiousness
Lies in superfluous luxury?
L.
Surely yes.
C.
And don't you judge
frugality in men
To be a virtue too?
L.
I do.
C.
Why, then
When you see me more
thriftily to live
Then other men, and them their minds to give
To
cost and
dainties, can it justice be
To
wink at those, and only censure me?
L.
Alas Sir, 'tis not
Thriftily you live,
But
nigardly and
basely. God does give
With liberal hand his gifts, and with the same
We ought to take them, and we're much too blame
If we neglect them; for we shall make void
Those
blessings, which he sends to be enjoyed.
You pine your self, make your
enjoyment scant
By
wilful affectation still to want,
And live in poverty.
C.
Therefore I pray,
Since we are gone so forward in the way;
Let's well consider, what by
wanton's meant,
Or penury, and what's sufficient.
L.
Please you, let it be so;
C.
Is that which can
Supply the just necessity of man,
Esteem'd
sufficient? or d'you judge or know
A thing to be desired beyond that?
L.
No.
C.
May it be then call'd
indigence or want,
Or poverty, when men sufficient han't?
L.
[Page 303]
It may no doubt.
C.
Then I've sufficient, for I am without
Nothing that should supply
necessity:
More I nor
crave nor
want.
L.
How can that be?
C.
You'll quickly know, if you do well pertend
And observe rightly, what's the proper end
Those things were made for, which you say we
need▪
Is not a house a shelter?
L.
Yes indeed.
C.
And are not
garments coverings?
L.
True, they be.
C.
Both these
defend and
cover us, that we,
Whom these do
shelter, and do
cover so,
By their
defence and
warmth should better grow.
L.
No question.
C.
Do my
feet now seem to you
The worse, because not cover'd from your view?
L.
I know not truly.
C.
If you do not know,
Learn what's the office of the feet.
L.
To go.
C.
And do my feet go worse then others do.
L.
Perhaps they don't.
C.
Nay they do not, I know;
And since their office they perform as well
Naked as
clad, why should the clad excel?
And for my body, why's not that as good
As other mens? if it were not, it wou'd
Be more diseas'd, infirm and weak then theirs:
But no
infirmity in mine appears;
And therefore since that
health and
strength do show
A bodies excellence, why's not mine so?
Does this appear diseased?
L.
[Page 304]
Not to me.
C.
Therefore my feet or body cannot be
In want of other covering; for ne'r doubt it,
If they did want, they'ld be the worse without it;
For
want's a real evil to mankind;
What e'r we need, we
languish till we find.
I thrive in body, and look fresh you see,
And sound and strong; my meat does nourish me:
That fare that's counted course and vile by you,
Makes me both strong and healthful.
L.
Very true.
C.
Else how could aged I who've liv'd so long,
Remain so nimble, active, and so strong?
Did I on
dainties feed, and gayly go,
To pamper
appetite as others do;
Dwingle and pine I should, like them whose food,
Though twice more costly, is not half so good.
L.
Perhaps you might.
C.
What reason then is there,
Why you should pass a censure so severe
Upon my way of living, and esteem it
Wretched and miserable?
L.
I so deem it,
Because great nature (whom we all adore)
And the great
Gods this spacious world did store,
With such variety of
gifts, and those so good,
So excellent both for our ease and food,
In such
abundance too, that they supply
Our coy
delight as
well's necessity,
And made all
common as' the world is, that
All might of all alike participate:
These blessings then we may, nay ought t'enjoy,
And not to be so overnice and coy,
[Page 305]To sleight them all, or all but very few,
As they're neglected by the beasts and you:
Water you drink as
beasts do, and you eat
What you next find, as
dogs do drink and meat;
And lodging's all alike; to rest or feast,
You have no better pattern then the beast:
The
grounds your common bed, and for your cloaths,
They'r such as every beggar justly loaths.
You do content your self with things thus vile,
Thus poor, and thus contemptible; the while
Our bounteous God spreads his unwearied hand,
And with variety gluts sea and land;
Puts his fat cattle on our flowry plains,
And fructifies the teeming earth with rains;
Who makes returns in
fruits such various store,
Nature her self doth seem embroyder'd o'r.
The
tugging Bee brings her mellifluous juice,
Extracted from all flowers for mans use:
Oyl like a deludge over-whelms the ground;
And
Amber floating on the sea is found:
Peoples the seas with fishes, and each field,
Groans as o'r burden'd with the
corn they yield;
With various rare productions of such things
As our delight, and with't our wonder brings.
But above all the amorous fruitful
Vine,
Hugs the tall trees, and the heart-cheering
Wine,
Blushes and swells in the plump grapes which be
Drunk with their own rare juyce, and why should we
B'endow'd with these abilities which we find,
Do fill the body, and adorn the mind?
Why have we strength, and art, and wit to frame
Such stately fabricks, but t'enjoy the same?
And why does Art such various things produce,
But for our ornament, delight, and use?
[Page 306]If you do well in slighting these things thus,
God did not well in sending them to us:
Should you by any other be debar'd
Th' enjoyment of these things, how ill and hard
would it appear t' you? it would vex your mind,
As much as if you're fetter'd and confin'd:
Why then does your own self restrain,
And limit from them thus?
C.
I should disdain
Indeed to be confin'd by other men,
And kept from these enjoyments so; but then
Hear me a little; let me ask you this;
Suppose a man that
rich and
bounteous is,
Should make a sumptuous
feast, and should
invite
Guests of all sorts, and please their appetite
With
cheer of all sorts too; for
strong men strong
Dishes; and for the
weaker palats mix among
Some milder
delicates, and fill his feast
To the
degree and
palat of each
guest;
If 'mong the guests there should be
one that wou'd
Snatch and devour all that on th' table stood,
Reaching from end to end; though
lusty and
strong,
Yet eats those meats that to the weak belong;
Out-sits all others and out-feeds 'um too,
Would you think this man
temperate?
L.
Surely no.
Nor temperate, nor good.
C.
But then suppose
Another person should neglect all those
Delicious
junkats, and that
costly fare,
And those inticing delicates that are
Superfluously invented to invite
To new attempts the sated appetite,
[Page 307]And placeth in one plain and wholsome dish,
All that he needs, and all that others wish,
And feeds but sparingly thereon, don't you
Think this a temperate man?
L.
Indeed I do
And on just reason.
C.
Do you apprehend
By what I say, what 'tis I do intend?
Or shall I tell you?
L.
Pray explain your mind.
C.
God's this feast-
Master, who of every kind
With
store of
various blessings has supply'd
Our various
wants, and
vast desires beside:
For
healthy men and
strong he doth
provide,
Such
diet as their health and strength can 'bide;
The sick and weak he doth with
food supply
Apt for their sickness and infirmity:
Not that we
all should upon
all things feed;
But
all have
all things that they truly need:
Yet so
enrag'd our vast desires
still be,
And so
insatiate is our mind, that we
Reach at, and
gripe what e'r we meet withall;
And alwaies think what e'r we have too
small
T' appease our
appetite that
still aspires;
And new
enjoyments breed but new
desires:
The
Land and
Seas both contribute their
store
To our fond
wills, yet
still we long for more.
What nature scatters with her
lib'ral hand
O'r the wide earth, we ransack for; no land,
No Sea so dangerous, nor so far remote,
But we invade to fill the craving throat,
And oft neglect what's
wholsome, and what's good,
Because 'tis easie, or 'tis common food;
[Page 308]Preferring things bought
dearly, and fetcht far,
Before all such as in their nature are
Useful and good; as if their vertue were
Not to be
good, but
difficult and
dear:
And therefore choosing rather to endure
A
restless, then a quiet life and pure.
Consider all those
things, which you provide
To gratifie your
humour, lust, or
pride:
Your
stately buildings, costly furniture;
Imbroydred garments, made to tempt the
viewer;
Your
gold and silver jewels, and your
rings,
And such
unneedful, and
unuseful things;
For which you
vainly ransack every
nation,
Not for
necessity, but
ostentation:
With how much
toyle, and how much
danger they
Must be
procur'd and
purchas'd for you, nay
With how much
bloud and
slaughter of
poor men,
Whom your
vain luxury does make so, when
They for their
livelihood must
plow the
seas,
And traverse
foreign land meerly to please
Your
pamper'd appetites, and find their
grave
I'th
bosome of an
unrelenting wave;
Or if they scape the
seas, they meet by
land
Men
crueller then
waves, or
rocks, or
sand:
And when they are through
dangers, costs, and
pains,
Purchas'd and
brought, dusturb our hearts and
brains,
And cause
dissentions, treacheries, and
blowes;
Murthers and
thefts, frauds, rapines, make
friends foes;
Make
brothers brawl with
brothers, and
inspires
Sons with unnatural rage against their
Sires;
Husbands destroy their
Spouses, and the
Wives
Break off all
bonds, and
snatch their
husbands lives.
So did it make
Euriphile of old,
Basely betray her husband for his Gold.
[Page 309]Yet when all's done, these costly garments can
Warm or
defend or
dignifie a man,
No more then those which only serve for use:
Nor do your stately fabricks more conduce
Unto our
shelter and
protection, then
Those humble
Co
[...]ages, which old wise men
Built for
necessity, to guard, and warm's
Against the rage of rapine or of storms:
Those spacious dishes, and vast
goblets too,
Wherein you riot, not for need, but shew;
Though beaten silver, or of massie
gold,
Can't make the liquor better, which they hold;
Nor make the food more wholsome, nor more sweet;
Nor make you see the
poyson you may meet
Subtly convey'd into them: Nor d' your heads
Or bodies rest more on your downy beds;
Nor sleep more soundly 'cause your bed-steads be
(What ere you dream) of gold or Ivory:
Nay we do often find, those men enjoy
More quiet and contented sleep, who lay
Their wearied bodies on the humble ground,
And with Heaven only
canopy'd around,
Then those can find, who roll their limbs in beds
Of Down, or spread with
Persian Cover-leds;
Nor is their health, or strength the more, who eat
The most delicious, and most costly
meat,
Then theirs whose
diet is but mean and small,
To nourish and refresh themselves withall:
We see the pamper'd bodies often wax
Tender, infirm, unfit for manly
Acts:
Consumptive, full of pains and maladies,
Unknown by persons temperate and wise;
For luxury and sloth, how e'r it pleases,
Serves but to feed
Physicians and
diseases:
[Page 310]Yet what a bustle do men make, what dust
To gratifie their palat, pride, and lust?
Nay which is more then this, so vile, so vain
Mens hearts are grown, and so corrupt their brain,
That they pervert the use of things, and bend
The
Creatures use against the
Creatures end.
L.
Pray Sir, who do so?
C.
You wh' abuse poor Men.
Although you'r fellow Creatures, and have been
Made of the self-same matter, and inspir'd
With the same soul and form, and have acquir'd
The same perfections too; and by their birth,
Have as good interest in what's here on Earth,
As the Great'st
He; only by policy,
By fraud, or force kept in a low degree,
By those that
property devis'd, and fram'd
Bounds for those things which nature free proclaim'd:
So brought degrees into the World, and so
Masters and Servants made, and high and low,
To gratifie Mens
lazyness and pride,
Some must be serv'd, ador'd and deifi'd;
Mounted in state and triumph, born along
On others shoulders, through th' adoring throng,
And the poor slaves, are harness'd for that toyl,
And us'd like
beasts; do asses work the while,
And those in highest honour with you stand,
Who most poor slaves can tread on and command:
But you blame me because I do despise,
And won't partake of such slight
vanities,
But live content with what I do enjoy;
Not grasping
superfluities that cloy,
And indispose the mind, and with them bring
Cares and
vexations, which to them do cling:
But also in the enjoyment very vain:
You don't
consider how few things, how small
A
wise contented man may live withall;
With plenty and with comfort; all those things
We truly need are few and mean; this brings
Your
scorn on me, to think or say at least
'Cause I live so, I live but like a
beast:
But by that rule the
Gods themselves would be,
('Cause they want nothing) verier beasts then we.
Consider rightly, and you'l clearly find,
Which is the best way to dispose your mind:
Or to want
much, or
little, 'tis the fate
Of the inferior, and the infirmer
State,
To want more then the nobler and the strong;
Thus to weak
infants do more wants belong
Then to th' adult; and thus
sick persons do
Want more then healthful; and the
women too
Want more then men; and men want more then Cods,
For they want nothing: Therefore those, by odds,
Approach most nearly to the sacred choir,
Who want the
least, and who the
least desire.
Can you suppose great
Hercules, that
he
Whom noble acts proclaim'd a
Deity,
Was in a wretched miserable case,
Because without a garment he did trace
Th' uneven
Earth, and wandred up and down
Without a
purple robe, or costly
gown;
His body almost naked, only drest
In a rough skin tane from a slaughter'd beast;
Desiring none of all those trifles that
We vainly prize, and at so dear a rate?
Who others did
protect from misery;
Nor was he poor; his power did extend
To sea and land; where ever he did bend
His force, he won the victory, and ne'r
Met with his conquerour, nor with his Peer:
D' you think he wanted garments or such things,
Who conquer'd and commanded
Lords and
Kings?
'Tis not to be imagin'd; no, he was
Content and sober in his mind; and as
He
valour shew'd, he shew'd his
temp'rance too,
And ne'r indulg'd himself (as now men do)
With vain delights. Or what say you to me
Of
Thesius his disciple? was not he
King of the
Athenians, and most valiant too
Of all his stout
contemporaries, who
By his renowned actions, justly won
The reputation of great
Neptune's Son?
Yet was his body naked, his feet bare,
Nor did he shave his beard, or cut his hair.
His limbs were hard and hairy, and in that
He our bold
Ancestors did imitate;
Who held a smooth and softly skin to be
An argument of mens
effoem'nacy:
And this their actions spoke them men, even so
Their plain and simple fashions shew'd them too;
They thought a beard mans natural ornament,
And Lyons too; and that the
Mane was sent
For the same end to Horses; and there is
In both by nature plac'd a
Comelyness,
A grace and ornament; these I propose
Unto my self to imitate, not those
Ridiculous men of this
deluded age,
Whose undiscerning fancies do engage
[Page 313]Their fond desires to doat on
Lushious fare
And
gorgeous vain attire, and only there
Place their imaginary Happiness:
For my part I desire not, I profess,
My hough should differ from a Horse, but be
Like Houghs as
Chirons were, alls one to me:
I am the nobler much and happier,
That no more garments then the
Lyons wear;
And that my palat does no more require,
Or choyser delicates then
Dogs desire;
No better Lodging then the Earth I crave;
And for my dwelling-house the world I have;
And for my diet I provide such meat,
As without cost or trouble I may eat:
That
Gold and
Silver bravely I despise,
From the desire whereof all ills arise,
That do befall Mankind;
Seditious jars,
Slaughters and treacheries, Rebellion, Wars,
Things that ne'r touch my heart, who little have
Yet nothing want, not more then little crave:
Thus stands the
case with me; and now you know
Both my profession, and my practice too;
All which is different from Common strains,
And from the opinion of
Vulgar brains,
From whom no wonder we in habit do
Differ, since we in
Principles do too:
But I admire at you, who attribute
T' all sorts of Men their
habit and their suit;
To th'
Harper his peculiar garb, and so
To the
Tragedian his; and yet you do
No habit of distinction yet devise,
Or set apart for
vertuous Men or
wise;
But vainly think it fit that they should go
Apparel'd as the fools and vulgar do,
And certainly if any habit is
Proper for th' good and wise, 'tis such as this
I wear, which the luxurious
Gallants hate,
And more then Vice scorn and abominate:
My garment's course, and rough, and made of hair;
My hair's unshav'n, and both my feet are bare;
Yours are like
Pathicks, spruce and finical,
Essoeminate Courtiers that cannot at all
Be from the rout distinguished or known;
Nor by your habits difference nor your own:
Your garments soft like theirs, and gay like theirs,
You wear as many as the
gallant wears:
As various too in colour and in shapes,
As
Protean as
Jove in all's escapes:
So
gay your coats, and cloaks, so neat your
shooes,
To trick and kemb your
hair, such art you use,
And so much
time and
cost thereon bestow,
To curl and powder't for the smell and show,
To tempt, and cheat each other; you that wou'd
Have people think you're happy, wise and good,
Out-do the
Vulgar in these vanities,
Those
Vulgar which so proudly you despise:
Yet you must grant that they don't come behind,
In parts of
body, nor in gifts of
mind,
The gay'st of you, but are as strong to
toyle;
As stout to
fight as you, whom
lust can foyle,
And want on pleasures conquer and subdue
As soon as those are least esteemed by you:
You in your meat, drink, sleep, and your array,
Are as
luxurious and vain as they;
You scorn forsooth to walk a foot, but will
By Beasts or by poor men, be carry'd still,
Both heats and colds, and what ere can betide
Us mortals, and with equal mind I bear
All things that
God sends down, what ere they are,
For which content you count me miserable;
Whereas you thriving worldlings are not able
So to compose your souls to be content
With your
condition, but do still relent,
Vex, and repine in every State; all that
Is present you
dislike, still aiming at
Things absent with great longing; when you lye
Cold in the
Winter, you for
Summer cry;
And when the
Summers heat you do obtain,
You
Summer loath, and
Winter court again:
Too hot still, or too cold, like
bodies ill,
You are repining and complaining still:
The same effects diseases in them do
Produce, Your
Customes do beget in you:
'Twixt both this only difference we find,
They're in their bodies
sick, you in your mind:
Yet not content that your own selves are so
Misled, you'd tempt and draw in others too
To these absurdities and ills with which
You have perplext your lives, led by the itch
Of blind desire and custome, not the laws
Of
Reason and of
Judgement; your
lust draws
And hurries you which way it will; you go
By
violent motion, whe'r you will or no:
Like to light bodies swimming on a stream,
Your
lusts drive you, as does the
torrent them;
Just as a
Rider on an untam'd horse,
Is carry'd, not by's will, but th' horses force;
Can nor go where he please, nor get on's feet,
Whom if one should in his fierce
hurry meet,
[Page 316]And ask him where he rides, if truth he sayes,
His answer must be,
Where my Horse doth please.
To the same question you must answer too,
Where your
affections hurry you, you go:
Pleasure sometimes, sometimes
ambition drives,
And sometimes
avarice does rule your lives;
Contrary
passions work contrary waies;
Fear this way,
anger that way, all your daies
You're toss'd like empty
ships from this to that,
Desiring still, but ne'r agreeing what:
You are on many
Horses mounted, true,
All wild, and all untamable by you;
You climb the craggy rocks, you cross the Seas,
Stick at no hard or dang'rous passages;
No
Countrey so remote, no toyle so great;
No danger so apparent, cold or heat,
Or pain or hunger frights or hinders you;
If your
affections bid you go, you do:
While my contemned life keeps me at home
Safer, and quieter, then you that rome:
I can converse with whom I please, and do
What I (that is my reason) prompts me to;
The
ignorant, though rich, I can contemn,
And with a
free-born mind slight theirs, and them:
Th'
intemp'rate, and
effeminate from me fly,
Fearing my habit, and my
gravity;
The wise, the modest, and the virtuous be
The sole
companions and delight of me;
While I contemn the
wanton Men and vain,
Whose glory's in their wealth, attire and train;
And bravely can their wealth and them deride,
And make my
scorn, that which they make their
pride:
View but the
Statues of the Gods, and see
If they're not simple-habited like me.
[Page 317]In the Barbarians
Temples, or the
Greeks,
Who ere the
Gods attire and fashion seeks,
Shall find their
habit, and their
beards, and
hair.
Just as my
hair, and
beard, and
habit are:
They are not painted, comb'd, nor trim'd like you;
No upper coat made to mislead our view:
But one loose simple
vest like mine, they do
Wear both to cover and adorn them too:
Therefore henceforth do you slight me no more,
Nor yet upbraid me, as you've done before
For my plain
habit, since the
gods prefer
It before all the rest, and for their wear,
Make choyce of this attire, and wisely do
Lead us by
precept, and
example too;
Which when thou'st ponder'd well, thou'st find it then,
Better to be like gods, then like vain men.
LI. A Paraphrase upon the first Chapter of
Ecclesiastes.
THus said the
Royal Preacher, who did spring
From holy
David Israel's blessed King;
All things are vain, most vain, nay vanity,
Yea vanity of vanities they be.
See how the industrious
mortals toil and care!
Look how they travel, how
turmoyl'd they are!
When their
work's ended, and their
race is run,
What profit gain they underneath the Sun?
This
Generation that appears to day,
To morrow vanisheth and fleets away:
In whose unstable mansion there comes
The next, to fill their
Predecessors rooms:
[Page 318]And these but come and go; but this vast frame
Th'
Earth still remains, though not the very same:
The glorious Heavenly
Charioter new drest,
Riseth in burnish'd glory in the
East,
And circles this vast
Globe with constant Race,
Till it returns to its first rising place.
Th' unconstant
wind that now doth southward blow,
Anon to th'
North from whence it came, will go:
It whirleth still about, yet in its change,
It still returns from whence it first did range:
The posting
River, though about it wanders,
Curling it self in intricate
Meanders,
Yet with a greedy, and a head strong motion,
It runs to its original the
Ocean:
Whose vast unsatiate
womb it cannot fill;
For as its
taking, so 'tis
giving still;
And by alternate
gratitude supplies
The thirsty Earth, and makes new
streams arise,
Which by an ever active
imitation
Return from whence they had
crigination:
Thus in this toilsome
fabrick every thing
Is full of labour, and doth trouble bring
To the still craving
Mortal, whose false breast,
Vainly supposes this a place of
rest;
And while he toyles his
labours to possess,
Endures more troubles then he can express:
The restless
Eye is never satisfi'd
With viewing objects; nor doth th' ear abide
Content with hearing; But the senses all
Grow by fruition more
hydropical;
And every fresh
enjoyment straight expires,
And's buried in the
flames of new desires.
The thing which hath been in the daies of yore,
Shall be again, and what's now done no more,
And
there's no new thing underneath the Sun;
There's no
Invention; that which we stile
wit,
Is but
remembrance; and the fruits of it,
Are but old things reviv'd. In this round
World,
All things are by a
revolution hurl'd.
And though to us they variously appear,
There are no things but what already were:
What thing is there within this world that we
Can justly say is
new, and cry
Come see?
We can't remember things that have been done
Ith'
Nonage of the World, when time begun;
And there will come a time, when those that shall
Succeed us, shan't remember us at all;
When things that have been, or that shall be done,
Shall be entomb'd in vast
oblivion:
I that your
Preacher am, was he that sway'd
A
Royal Scepter, and have been obey'd
By th'
Israelites, and in
Jerusalem
Did wear great
Judah's Princely
Diadem,
And us'd my wealth, my power, and strength of mind,
To seek and search for wisdom, and to find
Thereby the causes and
effects of all
Things done upon this
subsolary ball;
The works of our great
Architect survey'd;
The firm
foundation which his hand had laid;
The various
superstructures small and great,
Mens
labours how they strive to
Counterfeit;
And in their several
postures how they strive
To
feed, and
fence, and keep themselves alive;
How they do love and hate, are foes and friends,
Upon mistaken grounds, and false
self-ends;
How they doe
doe, and
undoe, how they pant
And tug to kill imaginary
want;
[Page 320]What they both
do and
suffer, how and why,
Their self-created
troubles I did spy:
And in my Towring over-search I see
Both what Men
are, and what they ought to be:
A sore and tedious
travel to the mind,
Which our great
God in wisdom has design'd
For us poor Sons of
mortals, and thought fit
That we therein should exercise our wit.
All that hath been, and all that hath been done,
All
Creatures actions underneath the Sun;
My searching
soul hath seen by contemplation,
And lo all's
vanity, and the souls
vexation:
All men, all things are crooked and perverse,
Full of defects are it, and they, and theirs,
All so
imperfect that they're not at all;
And (which we may the great'st
vexation call)
This
crookedness cannot be
rectifi'd;
Nor those
defects (though numberless) supply'd:
When I arriv'd the very top of all,
That the mistaken
Mamonists miscal,
And think their chiefest blessings;
wealth and
wit,
With all th' additaments that cleave to it:
Then did I to my heart Communicate
And said;
Lo I've attain'd a vast estate,
And do in wisdome
far transcend all them
That reigned before me in Jerusalem;
And to compleat the
wisdome of my mind,
To my large
knowledge have experience joyn'd;
I did apply my active mind to know
Wisdome and folly, nay and
madness too:
And from th' experience of all, I find
All this is but
vexation of the
mind:
For in much
wisdom lies much
grief; and those
That increase
knowledge, but increase their woes.
LII. A Speech made to the Lord General
Monck, at
Clothworkers-Hall in
London the 13. of
March, 1659. at which time he was there entertained by that worthy Company.
NAy then let me come too with my
Address,
Why mayn't a
Rustick promise, or profess
His good affection t' you? Why not declare
His Wants? how many, and how great they are?
And how you may supply them? Since you may
See our
hearts mourn, although our clothes be
gray.
Great
Hero of three Nations! Whose bloud springs
From
pious and from
pow'rful Grand-sire Kings,
With whose
bloud-royal you've
enrich'd your
veyns,
And by continu'd
Policy and
Pains
Have equall'd all their
Glory; so that now
Three
Kinglefs Scepters to your feet do bow,
And court Protection, and
Alliance too;
And what great men still
reach'd at,
stoops to you:
But you're too truly
Noble to aspire
By
Fraud or
Force to
Greatness, or t' acquire
Scepters and
Crowns by robbery, or base
And wilful breach of
Trusts, and
Oaths; nor place
Your
happiness in
ravished Dominion,
Whose
Glory's only founded in
opinion,
Attended still with danger, fear, and doubt,
And fears
within, worse then all those
without:
You must still
watch, and
fear, and
think, and must
Lose all
content to gratifie one
lust;
Should you invade the
Throne, or aim at
Pelf,
Throw
down three Nations to set up your self;
[Page 322]"
Kings are but
royal slaves, and Prisoners too,
"They alwaies
toyl, and alwaies guarded go.
You are for making
Princes, and can find
No work proportion'd to your
pow'r, and
mind,
But
Atlas-like to bear the
World, and be
The great
Restorer of the Liberty
Of three long captiv'd
Kingdomes, who were thrown
By others strong, delusions, and their own
Misguided zeal, to
do and suffer what
Their very Souls now
grieve and
tremble at;
Debauch'd by those they thought would
teach and
rule 'um,
Who now they find did
ruine and
befool 'um:
Our
meanings still were
honest, for
alas!
We never
dream't of what's since come to pass;
'Twas never our
intent to
violate
The setled
Orders of the
Church or
State,
To throw down
Rulers from their lawful Seat,
Merely to make ambitious
small things great;
Or to
subvert the
Lawes; but we thought then
the
Laws were
good, if manag'd by
good men;
And so we do think still, and find it true;
Old Lawes did more good, and less harm then
new;
And 'twas the plague of Countreys and of Cities,
When that
great belly'd house did spawn
Committees.
We fought not for
Religion, for 'tis known,
Poor Men have little, and some great Ones none;
Those few that love it truly, do well know,
None can take't from us, whe'r we will or no.
Nor did we fight for laws, nor had we need;
For if we had but gold enough to feed
Our talking
Lawyers, we had
Laws enough,
Without addressing to the
sword or
Buffe.
Nor yet for
Liberties; for those are things
Have cost us more in
Keepers, than in
Kings▪
Nor yet for
Peace; for if we had done so,
The
Souldiers would have beat us long ago:
Yet we did fight, and now we see for what;
To shuffle mens Estates; those owners that
Before these wars, could call
Estates their own,
Are beaten out by others that had
none.
Both
Law and
Gospel overthrown together,
By those who ne'r
believ'd in, or
lov'd either.
Our
truth, our
trade, our
peace, our
wealth, our
freedom,
And our full
Parliaments, that did get, and
breed 'um,
Are all devour'd, and by a
Monster fell,
Whom none, but you, could satisfie, or quell:
You're
great, you're
good, you're
valiant, and you're
wise;
You have
Briarcus hands, and
Argus eyes;
You are our
English Champion, you're the true
St.
George for England, and for
Scotland too:
And though his
story's question'd much by some,
Whe'r true, or false, this
Age and those to come,
Shall for the future find it so far true,
That all was but a
Prophecy of you;
And all his great and high
Atchievements be
Explain'd by you in this
Mythology.
Herein you've far out done him; he did fight
But with one single
Dragon: but b' your might,
A Legion have been tam'd, and made to serve
The People, whom they mean t'
undo and
starve:
In this you may do higher, and make fame
Immortalize your
celebrated name.
This ages
glory, wonder of all after,
If you would free the
Son, as he the
Daughter.
LVI. To the Kings most Sacred Majesty, on his miraculous and glorious return 29.
May, 1660.
NOw our
Spring-royal's come, this cursed ground,
Which for twelve years with Tyrants did abound,
Bears
Kings again, a memorable Spring!
May first brought forth,
May now brings home our
King;
Auspicious Twenty ninth! this day of
Mirth
Now gives
Redemption, which before gave
Birth.
Hark, how th' admiring people cry, and shout,
See how they flock and leap for joy; the Rout,
Whose
Zeal and
Ignorance, for many years,
Devis'd those Goblins
Jealousies and
Fears,
And fighting blindfold in those puzling Mists,
Rais'd by the conjuring of their
Exorcists,
Wounded, and
chas'd, and
kill'd each other while
Their Setters-on did share the prey, and smile
Now the delusion's o'r, do plainly see
What once they were, what now they ought to be
T' abused Trumpet that was only taught
To inspire Rebellion, now corrects its fault;
Tun'd by your
Fame; and with more chearful voyce,
Contributes sounds, and helps us to
Rejoyce:
The Guns which roar'd for your best subjects bloud,
Disown their cause now better understood;
The Bells that for sedition long chim'd in,
As if themselves too, Rebaptiz'd had been,
[Page 339]Convert their notes ecchoing with louder peal,
The harmony of Church and Common-weal:
While in contiguous
Bon-fires all the Nation
Paint their late fears, and sport with
Conflagration;
'Bout which rejoycing
Neighbours friendly meet,
And with fresh wood the kind devourer greet.
Mean while, th' old
Subjects, who so long have slept
In
Caves, and been miraculously kept
From
Rage and
Famine; while the only thing
That fed and cloath'd them, was the hope of
King,
Do all
New-plume themselves to entertain
Your long'd-for
Majesty, and
welcome Train.
And (as in
Job's time 'twas) those
Spurious things,
Who look like
Subjects, but did ne'r love
Kings,
Appear among your
Subjects in array
That's undiscernable, unless more gay.
All with loud
hallows pierce the smiling skies,
While brandish'd
Swords please and
amaze our eyes.
Why then should only I stand still? and bear
No part of
triumph in this
Theatre?
Though I'm not wise enough to speak t' a
King
What's worth his ear, nor rich enough to bring
Gifts worthy his acceptance; though I do
Not ride in
Buff and
Feathers, in the show;
(Which
Pomp I did industriously eschew,
That
Cost being more to me, than th'
shew to you)
Nor do I love a Souldiers garb to own,
When my own Conscience tells me I am none.
Yet I'll do duty too, for I've a mind
Will not be idle, but will something find
To bid my SGVERAIGN
Welcome to his own
Long-widow'd Realm, his
Scepter, Crown & Throne;
And though too mean and empty it appear,
If he afford a well-pleas'd
Eye and
Ear,
[Page 340]His pow'r can't by my
Weakness be withstood,
Bee't what it will, he'll
find, or make it good.
Hail long-desired
Soveraign! you that are
Now our sole
joy and
hope, as once our
fear!
The Princely
Son of a most pious
Sire
Whose
Precepts and
Example did inspire
Your tender years with
virtues, that become
A
King that's fit to rule all
Christendome:
Which your great Soul hath so improved since,
Europe can't shew such an accomplish'd
Prince:
Whose whole life's so
exemplary, that you
Convinc'd those foes, which we could not
subdue;
And those that did t' your Court t' abuse you come,
Converted Proselytes returned home:
Such strong and
sympathetick virtues lye
In your great name, it cures when you're not nigh,
Like Weapon-salve; If fame can reach up to
This height of Cures, what will your person do?
Your
Subjects high'st
Ambition, and their
Cure,
Bold
Rebels terrour, you that did endure
What e'r the
Wit or
Malice of your foes
Could lay on you or yours, yet stoutly chose
To suffer on, rather than to requite
Their injuries, and grew
Victorious by't;
And by your patient suffering did subdue
The
Traytors fury, and the
Traytors too.
The great King makers favourite, a
Prince
Born to a
Crown, and kept for't ever since.
From
Open force, from all the
Close designs
Of all your
Foes, and all our
Catilines,
From all th' insatiate malice of that bold
Bloud-thirsty
Tyrant, from his
sword, and
gold,
Which hurt you more; and from your own false
Friends,
Whom he still kept in pay to serve his ends
[Page 341]Yet you're deliver'd out of all these things,
By your
Protector, who's the
King of
Kings.
No more that proud
Usurper shall proclame
Those partial
Conquests which but brand his name,
To all posterity, no more remember,
His thrice auspicious third day of September;
Since he
fought not for victories, but paid;
Nor were you
conquer'd by him, but
betray'd:
And now your
May, by love, has gotten more,
Than his
Septembers did, by
bloud, before.
Thanks to that
Glory of the West, that Star,
By whose conductive influence you are
Brought to enjoy your own, whose em'nent worth
These
Islands are to small to
Eccho sorth:
Whose
courage baffled
fear, whose purer
soul
No
bribes could e'r
seduce, no
threats controul,
But strangely cross'd the proverb, & brought forth
The best of
Goods from th' once-pernicious
North,
To whose
Integrity, your Kingdomes owe
Their
restauration, and what thence does flow,
Your blest
arrival; with such
prudence still
He manag'd these affairs, such
truth, such
skill,
Such
valour too, he led these Nations through
Red Seas of
Bloud, and yet ne'r wet their shoe.
Blest be the Heavenly pow'rs, that hither sent
That Noble
Hero, as the instrument,
To scourge away those
Furies, and to bring
To's longing
subjects our long
absent King.
Welcome from forein
Kingdoms, where you've been,
Driv'n by hard-hearted
Fate, and where you've seen,
Strange men and manners; yet too truly known,
No Land less
Hospitable than your own;
[Page 342]From those that
would not, those that
durst not do
Right to themselves, by being kind to you;
From
profess'd foes, and from
pretended friends,
Whose feigned
love promotes their cover'd
Ends.
"
Kings treating Kings, springs not from love, but state,
"
Their love's to policy subordinate.
From
banishment, from
dangers, and from
want,
From all those
mischiefs that
depend upon't,
You're truly
welcome, welcome to your
throne,
Your
Crowns and
Scepters, and what ere's your
own,
Nay to what's
ours too, for we find it true,
Our wealth is gotten and preserv'd by you.
Welcome 't your Subjects hearts, which long did burn
With strong desires to see your bless'd
Return.
Welcome t' your
friends, welcome t' your wisest
foes,
Whose bought
Experience tells them now, that those
Riches they've got by
plunder, fraud, and
force,
Do not
increase, but make their
fortunes worse,
Like
Robbers spoyls, just as they come, they go,
And leave the
wretches poor and
wicked too.
They see their error, and that only you
Can give them pardon, and protection too.
Since you're come out o'th fire, twelve years refin'd,
With
hardned body, and
Experienc'd mind.
Only that crew of
Caitiffs, who have been,
So long, so deeply plung'd in so great sin,
That they
despair of
pardon, and believe,
You can't have so much
mercy to forgive,
As they had
villany t' offend, and so
They to get
out, the further in do go.
These never were, and never will be true
(What e'r they say or swear) to God or you.
[Page 343]The scum and scorn of every sort of men;
That for abilities, could scarce tell
ten;
And of estates proportion'd to their parts;
Of mean enjoyments, and of worse deserts,
Whom
want made
bold, and
impudence supply'd
Those gifts, which
art and
nature had deny'd;
And in their practice perfect Atheists too,
(For half-wit, and half-learning makes men so).
These first
contriv'd, and then
promoted all
Those troubles, which upon your Realm did fall;
Inflam'd three populous Nations, that they might
Get better
opportunity and
light
To steal and
plunder, and our goods might have,
By robbing those, whom they pretend to save,
Our new
commotions new
employments made,
And what was our
affliction grew their
trade:
And when they saw the
plots, th' had laid, did take,
Then they turn'd
Gamesters, and put in their stake,
Ventured their
All; their Credit which was small,
And next their
Conscience which was none all,
Put on all
forms, and all
Religions own,
And all alike, for they were all of none:
A thousand of them han't one
Christian soul,
No
Oathes oblige them, and no
Laws controul
Their strong desires but
poenal ones; and those
Make them not
innocent, but
cautelous.
Crimes that are scandalous, and yield no
gain,
Revenge or
pleasure, they perhaps refrain;
But where a crime was
gainful to commit,
Or pleas'd their
lust or
malice; how they bit!
This did invade the
Pulpit, and the
Throne,
And first made them, then all that's ours, their own▪
Depos'd the
Ministers and
Magistrates,
And in a godly way, seiz'd their estates;
[Page 344]Then did the
Gentry follow, and the
Rich,
Those neutral sinners, by
omission, which
Had good estates,
for it was not a sin
To plunder, but t' have ought worth plundring.
And by religious forms, and shews and paints,
They're call'd the
godly party, and the
Saints.
By crafty artless Oratory, they
Vent'ring to make Orations, preach, and pray,
Drew in two silly souls, that were
Caught with vain shews, drawn on by hope and fear,
Poor undiscerning, all believing Elves,
Fit but to be the ruine of themselves;
Born to be
couzen'd, trod on, and abus'd;
Lov'd to be fool'd, and easily seduc'd:
These beasts they make with courage
fight and
dye,
Like
Andabates, not knowing how, nor why,
Till they destroy'd
King, Kingdome, Church, and
Laws,
And sacrificed all to
Molochs Cause:
While those possess the fruit of all the toils
Of these blind slaves, and flourish with their spoils,
Plum'd with gay feathers stoln, (like
Aesops Crow)
They seem gay birds, but it was only show.
Now publique lands and private too, they share
Among
themselves, whose mawes did never spare
Ought they could grasp; to get the
Royal lands,
They in
Bloud Royal bath'd their rav'nous hands.
With which they shortly pamper'd grew, and rich,
Then was their bloud infected with the itch
Of
Pomp, and
Power, and now they must be
Squires,
And
Knights and
Lords, to please their
wives desires,
And
Madam them. A broken
tradesman now,
Piec'd with
Church-L
[...]nds, makes all the
vulgar bow
To's worship, that sold Petticoats, or Ale.
In pomp, attire, and every thing they did
Look like true
Gentry, but the
Soul, and
Head,
By which they were discern'd, for they were rude,
With harsh and ill-bred natures still endu'd;
Proud, and penurious. What
Nobility
Sprung in an instant, from all
trades had we!
Such
t' other things, crept into
t' other House,
Whose
Sires heel'd stockings, and whose
Dam
[...] sold sowse.
These were
Protectors, but of such a crew,
As people
Newgate, not good men, and true:
These were
Lord Keepers, but of
Cowes and
Swine,
Lord Coblers, and
Lord Drawers, not of Wine.
Fine
Cockney-pageant Lords, and Lords
Gee-hoo,
Lords
Butchers, and Lords
Butlers, Dray-Lords too.
And to transact with these was hatch'd a brood,
Of
Justices and
Squires, nor great, nor good,
Rays'd out of
plunder, and of
sequestration,
Like
Frogs of
Nilus, from an foundation;
A foundred
Warrier, when the wars did cease,
As nat'rally turn'd
Justice of the
Peace,
And did with boldness th' office undertake,
As a blinde
Coach-horse does a
Stallion make.
These fill'd all
Countreys, and in every
Town
Dwelt one or more to tread your
Subjects down.
And to compleat this
Stratagem of theirs,
They use
Auxiliary Lecturers;
Illiterate
Dolts, pickt out of every Trade,
Of the same metal, as
Jeroboams, made,
That ne'r took
Orders, nor did any keep,
But boldly into others
Pulpits creep,
[Page 346]And vent their
Heresies, and there inspire
The vulgar with
Sedition, who desire
Still to be cheated, and do love to be
Mis-led by th' ears, with couzning
Sophistrie,
These sold
Divinity, as Witches do
In
Lapland, Winds, to drive where e'r you go.
The
Sword no action did, so dire and fell,
But that some
Pulpiteers pronounc'd it,
Well.
With these ingredients, were the Countreys all
Poyson'd, and fool'd, and aw'd, while they did call
Themselves the
Cities, or the
Counties, and
Do in their names, what they ne'r understand
Or hear of. These did that old
Dry-bone call
Up to the
Throne, (if he were call'd at all)
And vow'd to live and dye with him; and then
Address'd to
Dick, and vow'd the same agen.
And so to
Rump; but these vowes were no more
Then what they vow'd to
Essex long before,
And so perform'd; they dy'd alike with all,
Yet liv'd on unconcerned in their fall:
So as these
Corks might swim at top, they ne'r
Car'd what the liquor was, that them did bear.
These taught the
easie people, prone to sin,
And ready to
imbibe ill customes in,
To
betray trusts, to break an
Oath, and
Word,
Things that th' old
English Protestants abhorr'd.
And lest these Kingdoms should hereafter be
Took for
inchanted Islands (where men see
Nothing but
Devils haunt, as if God and
All virtuous people had for sook the land,
And left it to these
Monsters) these took care,
To make us match and mix our bloud with their
Polluted issue; and so do, as when
Gods sons did take the daughters once of men.
To
decimate them, for
Orig'nal Sin.
Children that were unborn, in those mad times,
And unconcern'd in what they
Voted crimes,
If guilty of
Estates, were forc'd to pay
The
tenth to those, who took
nine parts away.
The
Law was made a standing pool, and grew
Corrupt, for want of current; thence a crew
Of monstrous
Animals out daily crawl'd,
Who little knew, but impudently ball'd;
And made the
Law the Eccho of the
Sword,
With such lew'd
Cattel were the
Benches stor'd,
That made the
Gown ridiculous, Now and then
The
Malefactors were the wiser men,
Most times the honester; these did dispence,
And rack the
Laws, 'gainst equity and sence,
Which way the
Buff would have them turn; by which
They long continued
powerful and
Rich.
Now they'l all wheel about, and be for you,
For (like
Camaelions) they still change their hue,
And look like that that's next them; they will vow,
Their hearts were alwaies for you, and are now.
'Tis no new Wit, 'tis in a
Play we know,
Who would not wish you King, now you are so?
Yet you can pardon all, for you have more
Mercy and
love, than they have
crimes, in store.
And you can love, or pity them, which none
But you could do; you can their persons own,
And with unconquer'd patience look on them,
Because your Nature knows not to condemn.
You'll let them live, and by your grace convince
Their treach'rous hearts, that they have wrong'd a Prince,
[Page 348]Whom God and Angels love and keep; whose mind
Solely to love and mercy is inclin'd;
Whom none but such as they would hurt, or grieve,
And none but such as you could e'r forgive
Such men and crimes. Those feathers ne'rtheless
Pluck'd from your Subjects backs, their own to dress,
Should be repluck'd, or else they should restore,
They'll still be left
Crows, as they were before.
But if you trust them,—
And now you are returned to your
Realm,
May you sit long, and stedfastly at th'
Helm,
And rule these head-strong people: may you be
The true
Protector of our
Libertie.
Your
wisdome only answers th' expectation
Of this long injur'd, now reviving Nation.
May true Religion flourish and increase,
And we love virtue, as the ground of peace;
May all pretences, outward forms, and shewes
Whereby we have been gull'd, give way for those
True act of pure religious, and may we
Not only seem religious, but be.
Of taking
Oathes, may you and we be shy,
B
[...]t being ta'ne think no necessity
O
[...] power can make us break them! may we ne'r
Make wilful breach of promises! nor e'r
Basely betray our trusts! but strive to be
Men both of honour, and of honestie!
And may those only that are just, and true,
Be alwa e
[...] honour'd, and imploy'd by you.
Next let our sacred
Laws in which do stand
The
wealth, the
peace, and
safety of our Land,
be kept
inviolable, and never made
Nets to the small, while the great
Flies evade!
[Page 349]May those that are intrusted with them be
Men of sound knowledge, and integrity,
And sober courage; such as dare, and will,
And can do Justice! We have felt what ill
Comes by such
Clarks and
Judges as have been,
For
favour, faction, or
design put in,
Without respect to
Merit, who have made
The Law to
Tyrants various lusts a
Bawd,
Perverted
Justice, and our
Rights have sold,
And
Rulers have been over-rul'd by
Gold:
Then are the people happy, and
Kings too,
When, they that are in power,
are good, and
doe.
On these two
Bases let our peace be built
So firm and lasting, that no
bloud be spilt,
No
Countrey wasted, and no treasure spent
While you and yours do reign; no future rent
Disturb your happiness; but may we strive
Each in his sphere, to make this Nation thrive,
Grow
plentiful, and
pow'rful, and become
The
Joy or
Terror of all
Christendome.
And those, who▪lately thought themselves above us,
May, spite of fate, or
tremble at, or
love us,
May no incroaching spirit break the hedge
Between
Prerogative, and
Priviledge.
And may your sacred
Majesty enjoy
Delights of
Mind, and
Body, that ne'r cloy!
Not only be
obey'd, but
lov'd at home,
Prais'd and
admir'd by all that near you come!
And may your Royal Fame be spread as far
As
valiant, and as
virtuous people are!
And when you're
Majesty shall be inclin'd,
To bless your Realms with heirs, oh may you find
A Spouse that may for
Beauty, Virtue, Wit,
And royal
birth, be for your person fit!
[Page 350]May you abound in hopeful heirs, that may
Govern the Nations, and your
Scepters sway,
Till time shall be no more, and pledges be
Both of your
love, and our
felicity.
May you live long and happily, and find
No pains of body, and no griefs of mind:
While we with loyal hearts Rejoyce, and Sing
God bless your Kingdoms, and
God save our KING.