[Page 1] LIbellus a little booke familiarium of familiar colloquiorum dialogues (or communications) graecè in gréeke et and Latínè in Latine, auctus increased, et and recognitus reuised. Accessit there hath béene added et also vtìlis a profitable dialògus dialogue de of rectè rightly instituenda ordering ratióne the manner (or way) stu­diórum of studies. Item and also oratio an oration de of ratione the way (or manner) discendae of learning ac and docendae of teaching latinae the latine et and graecae the gréeke linguae tongue. Iohanne John Posselio Posselius authóre being the author. Excúsum printed Lon­díni at London in in officína in the shop societátis of the company bi­bliopolárum of the booke fellers (or Stationers.)

FOrmùlae fashions (or manners or litle formes) salutandi of saluting et and precandi of praying for (or wishing) benè wel. Obseruande O reuerend Doctor teacher Salue haile you (or be you safe, or God spéed you.) Ornatìssìme O most adorned (or very honourable) vir man sal­ve haile you. Clarissìme O most ren [...]wned domìne sir, salve haile you. Frater O brother salve haile you plurìmum very much (or most of all.) Condiscipùle O schoole-fellow (or fellow learner) salve ha [...]le you. Condiscipùli O schoole-fellowes salvéte haile yée. Responsio the answer. Et and salve hailo tu you. Salve haile you similìter likewise. Gaudeo I am glad te that you advenisse haue come (or approached) salvum safe. Iucundus pleasant, est is mihi to me tuus your (or thy) adventus comming, redìtus returne. Habeo I haue (or giue) gratiam thankes tibi to you. Precor I pray Deum God vt that reddat he make hanc this diem day foelícem happie tibi to you. Responsio the answer. Et and precor I wish idem the same thing tibi to you. Precor I wish tibi to you foelícem an happy noctem night. Precor I wish tibi to you placìdam quiet (or gentle) quiétem rest, Respousio the answer. Cha­rissìme O most deare Paule Paul precor I wish et also talem such tibi to you. Prosit let profit (or would that may profit) tibi you Balneum the Bath. Deus God fortúnet prosper tuam your lavatiónem washing. Responsio the answer. Habeo I giue (or yéeld) tibi to you gratiam thankes. Tua your precatio prayer (or wishing) est is grata accepta­ble mihi to me. Vale farewell felicìter happily. Et and tu you benè well optìmè very well (or best of all) feliciter happily vale farewell. Valéte fare yée well. Formùlae fashions (or rules) invitandi of inuiting ad to [Page 2] convivium a banquet. Salve hatle Praeceptor Master. Praeceptor the master. Salve hatle et also tu thou [...] O my puer boy. discipùle schol­ler. Petre Peter. puer the boy. Meus my pater father rogat request­eth te you vt that apud with se him prandeas you dine coenes you supp [...] hora at (or in) the houre decìma tenth vodecìma eleuenth, quinta fift, sexta sixth, (or at ten a clocke &c.) Meus my domìnus master petit traueth or desireth a of te you, vt that sis you be suus his convívs guest in in (or at) prandio dinner coena supper. Pater the father, abi goe (or depart) thou advocátum to call; adductum to bring convívas the guests Puer the boy. Abeo I goe (or depart) Pater O. father. Domi­ne Master (or ur) vado. I goe. Fiet it shall be done. Curabitur it shall be regarded (or cared for.) Sis salvus be safe (or haile) humanissìme most courteous domine sir praeceptor master or teacher. Responsio the answer. Mi my puer boy sis bee tu thou salvus safe quoque also. Puer the boy. Meus my pater father herus Lord (or master) expectat ex­pecteth tuam your humanitátem gentlenesse. Ea it, vbi when as volet it shall please (or be willing) veniat let (or may) come ad vnto pran­dium dinner caenam supper. Eximie excellent domine master Doctor Doctour omnes all convívae the guests jam now (or already) adsunt are present expectant they stay for te you vnum only et and nisi vnlesse expectárent they did tarry for te you jam now (or forthwith) accum­bèrent they would sit downe. Ideo therefore rogant they request te you vt that accédas you come ad vnto prandium dinner, comum supper. Immìnet there is very nie instat there is at hand hora the hours quinta fifth, sexta sixth, decima tenth vndecìma eleuenth: Tempus the time prandendi of dining, coenandi of supping adest is present (or at hand.) Invitáti the inuited adsunt are present pro before (or at) forìbus the dore (or doros.) Dac lead (or bring) intrò in convivas the guests. Excipìto entertaine convivas the guests. Filius the sonne. Salve haile observande reuerend praeceptor Master. Facis you doe rem a thing (or matter) gratam acceptable nobis to vs, (or you doe for vs an accepta­ble matter,) quòd that non dedignáris you disdaine not (or doe vouch­safe) esse to be noster our conviva guest. Pater the father. Puer O boy para prepare thou prandium dinner caenam supper. Adorne furnish (or set forth) sterne spread (or lay) mensam the Table. Appóne set to panem the bread cochlearia the spoones argenteda of siluer (or siluer­ne) lignea of wood (or woodden.) adfer bring panarium the bread bas­ket mappam the table cloth pocùla the cups. Eluc rinse (or wash out) [Page 3] calìcem the chalire argenteum the siluerne pocillum cup. Penìto put circum the rundle (to set dishes on) in into medium the middle mensae of the table. Collòca set (or place) together sellas the stooles ex accor­ding to ordìne order, et and superpóne put vpon them puluinaria bol­sters, (or pillowes, or cushions.) Adfer bring aquam water ad for lauandas to wash manus hands. Laua wash tu thou prior formost (or first.) Laua wash thou manus the hands. Lauémus let vs wash vnà together. Porrìge reach mihi to mee mantíle the towell salìnum the saltsellar. Absterge wipe (or make cleane) manus hands. Quid why statis doeyée stand? sedéte sit yee accumbìte sit yée downe. Prandium the dinner coena the supper conuiuium the banquet corrumpitur is marred tua through your absentia absence mora delay tarditáte slack­nes. Cibus the meate est is apposìtus set, igìtur therefore accumbite sit yée to. Vbi where iubes doest thou bid me mee sedére to sit? In in primo the first (or chiefe) loco place accumbe sit vnto discumbe sit downe. Conuíuae the guests accubuérunt are sate (or haue sitte downe.) Puer boy consècra hallow (or consecrate) menfam the ta­ble. Puer the boy. Ocùli the eyes omnium of all things spectant doe looke in towards te thée Domìne O Lord &c. and the rest (or so forth.) Adde adde etiam also memorabìlem a memorable sententiam sentence, quam which nuper of late didicissi thou hast learned ex out of sacra an holy concióne sermon. Quicquid whatsoeuer Deus God creáuit hath created est is bonum good, et and nihil nothing est is rejiciendum to be refused si if sumátur it be receiued cum with actióne doing (or giuing) gratiárum of thankes enim for sanctificátur it is sanctified per by (or through) verbum the word Dei of God et and precatiónem prayer. Adfer bring epùlas the meate (or dishes) cibum the victuall acétum the vinegar carnes the flesh (or péeces of flesh) assas rosted elixas sodden (or boyled.) Da giue mihi to me pocùlum the cup vitreum of glasse (or glassen.) Porrìge reach mihi to me argentea the siluerne pocùla cups, canthàrum the pot (or Iugge) caseum the cheese; panem the bread, cul­tellum the little knife (or meate knife.) Christus Christ sospitet make healthfull (or sase) vobis to you hunc this potum drinke, hoc this vi­num wine. Haec this ceruisia béera sit be vobis to you salúti for health (or vnto health.) Deus God faxit graunt id that, chare well beloued puer boy, amen amen. Da giue mihi to mee alìquid somewhat (or some) de of Gallína the Hen, Gallo the Cocke, Piscìbus the fishes, pane the bread, Vis will you alìquid any thing de of pisce the fish ansère the [Page 4] goose, carne the flesh? Etiam yea volo I will, non volo I will not. In­funde powre in ceruisiam the béere, aquam the water mulsam sod (or mingled) with honey vinum the wine vt that bibámus we may drinke. Non vis wilt thou not bibère drinke? Cur why non bibis drinkest thou not? Mones me thou puttest me in minde rectè well, enim for sitio I am a thirst omníno throughly. Non sitio I thirst not. Propíno I drinke tibi to thée. Bibi I haue drunke satis enough. Deus God benedícat blesse (it.) Accipio I take it à from (or of) te you libenter gladly. Ne ebibas drinke not vp totum the whole. Relinquam I will leaue tibi for you satis enough. Relinquam I will leaue tibi for you plus more quàm than sum I am bibitúrus about to drinke. Nihil no ceruisiae béere, vini wine, aquae water mulsae sodden (or mingled with honey) est is relìquum left (or remaining.) Abscinde cut off mihi for me alìquid some (or somewhat) de of Bouína the Oxes (or Cowes) carne flesh (the béefe) induráta hardned fumo with the smoke. Tolle take away hanc this patìnam platter et and appóne set to caetèra the o­ther fercùla messes. Explédí I haue satisfied (or stinted) sedáui I haue alayed (or quenched) famem hunger. Tu thou es art perpaúci of very little cibi meate (or diet.) Non sum I am not edax a greateater. Bibe drinke: non ignóras thou art not ignorant of legem the law vetèrum of the olde Graecórum Gréekes: aut either bibe drinke, aut or abi de­part. Sed but lex the law Christi of Christ est is melior better: cauéte take héede vobis to your selues nequando least at any time vestra your corda hearts grauentur be surcharged crapùla with surfet (or surfet­ting) et and ebrietáte drunkennesse. Praebéte shew vos your selues lae­tos merry hilàres chéerefull. Puer boy torre rost (or boyle) hunc this piscem fish in in (or on) craticùla the grediron, et and caue take héede ne that not adurátur it ve burnt. Cura haue a care vt that oua the egges coquantur be boyled molliuscula somwhat soster duriuscùla somewhat harder. Oua the egges sunt are mollia soft, sunt are cruda rawe, sunt are mollióra soster iusto than néede (or reason is.) Muta change thou orbes the trenchers. Tolle take vp (or away) cibum the meate, panem the bread, butyrum the butter, caseum the chéess. Appóne set to pelium the bason cum with mantíli the towell (or hand-wiper.) Puer boy ad­fer bring bellaria the banquetting dishes. Emunge snuffe candélam the candle. Caue take héede ne least that extinguas thou put out (or quench) lychnum the light. Appóne set to poma the apples, pruna the plummes, nuces auellánas the filberds, vuas the grapes, vuas pas­sas [Page 5] the raisons, pyra the peares, ceràsa the cherries, juglandes the was­nuts, amygdàlas the almonds, tosta the rosted pyra peares. Ego I fre­eus trusting to (or relying on) vestra your comitáte courtesie inuitáui haue inuited vos you ad vnto frugále à thrifty (or sparing) prandium dinner fiugálem a thrifty (or meane) coenam supper. Conuíuae the guests. Tuum your (or thy) prandium dinner fuit hath béene splendì­dum gorgeous (or richly decked) supra aboue modum measure. Tua your (or thy) coena supper est is non not frugális spare (or meane) sed but sumptuósa sumptuous. Tua thy coena supper fuit hath beene mag­nificentior more sumptuous quàm than est is aequum reason (or meet.) Quod because excúsas thou makest excuse habes thou hast id this vnum alone (or onely) cur wherefore sis thou maist be accusandus to be accu­sed. Charissìmi most deare amíci friends quaeso I beseech vt that con­sulátis you accept aequi of right boníque and of good (you take in good part) nostram our coenùlam little supper licèt albeit tenuem slender (or simple.) Habèo tibi gratiam I thanke you quòd because vocasti you haue called me me ad vnto hanc this coenam supper longè farre suauis­sìmam most sweete (or pleasant.) Non est there is not cause quòd that agas you may giue gratias thankes. Ego I agnosco doe acknowledge me that I debére doe owe gratiam thankes tibi to you, quòd because non dedignátus es you haue not disdained venìre to come ad vnto hanc this tenuem flender coenam supper. Formùlae short formes (or rules) petendi of crauing quippiam any thiug à of praeceptórc the maister. Obseruande reuerend praeceptor maister quaeso I beseech vt that liceat it may be lawfull mihi for me abesse to be absent schola from schoole prima at the first hora houre (at one a clocke) caussâ for the fake lauan­di of washing. Precor I pray vt that facias you giue (or grant) mihi to me facultátem leaue (or power) manendi to abide domi at home. Enim for alìquid something est is efficiendum to be done mihi of me. (Or ef­ficiendum est mihi aliquid I must bring to effect (or passe) some matter.) Est mihi abeundum I must depart (or goe) rus to the country cum with meis my parentìbus parents oro intreate vt that id that fiat may be done tua by your pace leaue. Concédas graunt mihi to me potestátem power (or leaue) excundi to goe out caussa for the cause leuandi of ea­ting alvum the belly soluendi of loosening ventrem the belly reddendae of making vrínae water (or vrine.) Liceat let it be lawfull mihi for me recurrère to runne backe domum home gratia for the sake (or cause) offerendi of bringing (or fetching) cujuspiam a certaine libesti little [Page 6] books. Licear mihi may I exíre goe forth of Iudo the exercise place li­terario pertaining to learning schola the schoole ad to emendum buy papirum paper, pennam a penne, panem bread. Quispiam a certaine one expètit desireth conuentum to speake with me mee prae forìbus a [...] doore: itàque therefore quaeso I beséech vt that lìceat mihi I may tua pace by your leaue exire goe forth ad vnto hunc him. Meus my domì­nus maister, pater father iussit hath commaunded me me redíre to re­turne domum home decìma at the tenth prima the first, tertia the third bora houre oro I pray vt that mihi liceat I may facère doe id that. Ca­put head dolet aketh mihi to me (my head aketh) dentes téeth dolent ake mihi to mee (my téeth ake) ventricùlus the stomacke dolet aketh mihi to me (my stomacke aketh) nasus my nose stillat droppeth sanguì­nem bloud. Habeo I haue malè ill (I am ill at ease) ideò therefore quaeso I beséech vt that liceat mihi I may ire goe domum home. Aman­tissime most louing praeceptor maister Iohannes Iohn petit humbly asketh veniam that pardon dari be giuen sibi to him absenti being ab­sent. Iohannes Iohn et and Paulus Paul petunt doe humbly craue ve­niam that pardon dari be giuen sibi to them absentìbus being absent. Charissime most dearely beloued praeceptor maister heri yesterday amísi I lost quendam a certaine libellum little booke quem which recépi I haue gotten againe nondum not as yet. Igìtur therefore rogo I de­sire te you vt that admoneas you admonish condiscipùlos the schoole­fellowes vt that si if quis any one fortè by chaunce inuènerit shall here­after finde (or hath sound) eum it restituat hee restore it mihi to mee. Clarissìme most famous praeceptor maister doce teach me me quibus with what verbis words dicam I shall say Graecè in Gréeke, Iohannes Iohn verberáuit hath beaten me me. Praeceptor the maister. Dices thou shalt say sic thus Iohannes Iohn &c. Puer the boy, oro I intreate te you praecéptor maister vt that descríbas you describe (or write downe) mihi for me figúras the figures (or formes, or characters) Graecórum of the Gréeke elementórum elements (or letters) quas which scribendo by writing imìter I may imitate. Praeceptor the maister. Vbi where habes hast thou archetípum the archetype (or first patterne) quem which praescripsi I prescribed tibi to thee ante before paucos fewe dies dayes (fewe dayes agoe.) Puer the boy. Amísi I lost eum it per through incuriam negligence (or carelesnesse.) Iohannes Iohn discorp­sit pluckt in peeces cum it mihi from me. Praeceptor the maister. En behold iam now habes thou hast alium another, caue haue a care (or [Page 7] take héed) ne least that (or that not) et also perdas thou loose hunc this. Puer the boy. Quaeso I pray Praeceptor O master vt that prae­pàres you prepare (or make fit) hanc this pennam penne mihi for me. Praeceptor Master. Qualem what manner pennam pen cupis desirest thou? Puer the boy. Attempèra fit it ad vnto tuam your owne ma­num hand. Doce teach me mée legère to reade haec these things. Quo­mòdo how legam shall I read haec these things? Prescríbe prescribe mihi to me quantum how much ediscam I shall learne without booke hac in this hora houre. Duc draw mihi for me lineas the lines. Non habeo I haue not atramentum inke. Non est mihi there is not to mee (or I haue not) atramentarium an inkehorue pecunia money cultel­lus a little knife (or penknife) penna a penne. Formùla little formes excusandi of excusing absentiae absence apud with (or in presence of) praeceptórem the master. Praeceptor the Master. Cur why venis com­mest thou tam so serò late? Nostri our folke (or our people) seriùs too late excitavérunt wakened me mée somno from sleepe. Surrexi I haue risen seriùs too late praeter besides (or against) voluntátem will. Seriùs too late experge factus sum I wakened propter by reason of con­vivium a banquet caenam a supper prolátam prolonged in into (or vn­to) mediam the middest of noctem night (midnight.) Nostrum our horologium clocke abberrávit hath gone amisse. Per through negligen­tiam negligence reliquèram I had left librum a booke domi at home, hunc this vt that afferrem I might fetch (or bring,) recurri I canne backe domum home ex itìnère out of the way (or jorney.) Adjúvi I helped familiam the houshold in in seponendis putting apart (or laying aside or vp) lignis wood (or woods.) Herus my Lord (or master) Pater my father Hera my Lady (or mistresse) Mater my Mother misèrat had sent me mée quopiam to a certaine place. Attùli I brought vinum wine cervisiam béere patri to my father, hero to my Lord praeceptor the Master. Cur wherefore ob for quam what causam cause tanto so great (or long) tempòre time non not venisti camest thou in into Scho­lam Schoole? Ludum the exercise place literarium of (or belonging to) learning? Cur wherefore non interfuisti hast thou not béene present hora in the houre prima first quarta fourth sexta sixth lectióni at Le­cture, concióni at the Sermon? Quid what impedívit hath hindred te thée quo minùs whereby the lesse (that not) bodie to day interfuèris thou hast not béene (or wast not) present lectióni at the lecture (or lesson, or reading?) discipùlus the scholler. Malè habui I was ill at [Page 8] case. Aegrotávi I haue béene sicke. Doluit mihi caput, venter my head, belly aked. Laborávi I haue béene sicke of febri an agus (or feuer.) Non erant there were not mihi to mée tibialia stockens. Non erant mi­hi I had not calcei shooes. Lavìmus wée washed nostrae at our domi house (or home.) Pacentes my parents noluérunt were vnwilling me that I frequentáre goe much to (or resort to) Scholam Schoole propter by reason of intensum the earnest (or excessiue) frigus cold, vehemen­tem the vehement aestum heat of the weather, pluviam raine, imbrem showre. Mactavùnus we haue killed porcos hogges boves oxen oves shéepe. Nuptiae a marriage (or wedding) sunt is celebrátae solemnized nostri domae at our house quibus whereat parentes my parents volué­runt haue willed me that I interesse be present. Praeceptor O master rogo I pray te you vt that des you giue (or grant) mihi to mée veniam leaue (or pardon,) enim for posthâc hereafter ero I will be dilìgens di­ligent et and assiduus continuall in in schola the schoole. Praeceptor the master. Eas thou maist goe visum to sée quid Petrus Peter agat doth (or may be a doing) quòd that nunc now non sit he is not in in scho­la the schoole. Discipùlus the schollar. Faciam I will doe it ô praeceptor O. master. Vado I goe. Salve God saue you Petre Peter. Et and tu thou condiscipùle schoolefellow salve haile. Iohannes Iohn. Praeceptor the master jussit hath commanded interrogáre to aske quid what agas you doe (or may be a doing) quòd that non not intersis you are pre­sent at lectionibus the readings (or lectures.) Petrus Peter, vides thou séest me that I esse am occupátum busily occupied, malè habére am ill at ease, aegrotáre am sicke. Ideò therefore oro I intreat vt that excúses you excuse me mée absentem absent. Vbi when caepèro I shall begin melius habére to be in better health, (or to finde my selfe better) sta­tim forthwith revertar I will returne ad vnto vos you in into scholam the schoole Discipùlus the scholler. Praeceptor O master curávi I haue taken care of quod what mandasti you haue commanded (or giuen in charge.) Petrus Petes dicit saith se that hée occupátum esse is taken vp in busines malè habére is ill at ease malè habuisse hath béene not well scripsisse hath written itèras letters. Decumbit haee lieth downe in le­cto in bed join [...] (or already) tres thrée totos whole dies daies (hée hath now kept his bed thrée whole daies.) Parentes the Parents Pe­tri of Peter dicunt doe say ipsum that he esse is profectum journied pe­règrè farre from home. Parentes the Parents Iohannis of Iohn di­cunt doe say nihil that nothing negotu of businesse (no businesse) faisse [Page 9] hath béene ei to him (or he hath had) ideò therefore rogant they re­quest te you vt that punias you punish caedas beate virgis with rods ipsum him cum when fuèrit reversus he shall returne in scholam into the schoole. Formùlae little formes deferendi of accusing (or making complaint on) discipùlum a scholler ad vnto praeceptórem the master. Chatissìme most deare praeceptor maister Iohannes Iohn exhìbet put­teth mihi to mée negotium businesse (putteth me to trouble.) Est he is molestus troublesome mihi to me. Non sinit he letteth not alone me me, Trudit he trusteth me mée. Premit he presseth (or squiseth) me mée. Iohannes Iohn illúdit mocketh at mihi mée. Objécit hée hath laid be­fore mihi me pedem his foot vt that cadèrem I night fall. Convellit he pulleth off capillos the haires mihi from me (be pulleth off my haires.) Non sinit he suffereth not me mee transíre to passe away (or by.) Inter­turbat he disturbeth me mee scribentem writing ediscentem learning by heart relegentem reading ouer (or againe) lectiónem the lesson. Occùpat he keepeth by force (or withholdeth) meum my locum place. Extrúdit he thruūeth out me mee ex from meo my loco place. Percussit he hath smitten me mee baculo with a staffe atramentario with an Inckhorne, pugno with the fist. Impégit he hath dashed colàphum a buffet mihi on me, (he hath giuen me a blow on the cheeke.) conjé cit he hath hurled (or cast forth) in on (or against) me mee librum a booke lapìdem a stone nivem snow. Petiit he hath striken me mee lapìde with a stone. Vulnerávit he hath wounded me mee gladio with a sword cul­tello with a knife. Conspuit he hath all to bespit meum my pallium cloake vestimentum rayment vestem vesture (or garment.) Imprecá­rus est he hath cursed mihi me. Maledixit he hath spoken ill mihi to me. Appellávit he hath termed (or called) me me ignominióso by a nicke (or reproachfull) nomìne name. Comminátus est he hath threatened mihi me gravìter grieuously. Calumniátur he falsly and malitiously accuseth me mee petulanter impudently. Discerpsit he hath tore in peeces adussit he hath burnt meum my librum booke. Commaculávit he hath all to bestained meum my libellum little booke pileum cap pile­òlum little cap. Debet he oweth mihi to me pecuniam money denari­um a pennie. Non vult he will not persolvère pay truly (or all) red­dère restore solvère pay mihi to me. Consùle the Consull Senatóre the Senatour concionatóre the Preacher transeunte passing along (or by) non aperuit he vncouered not caput his head. Non praebuit he hath not wed (or yéelded) se himselfe obedientem obedient parentibus to [Page 10] his parents. Excusatio the excuse. Res the matter non not habet hath se it selfe ita so (the matter is not so) Iohannes Iohn mentítur lyeth. Petrus Peter odit hateth me me. Male euilly vult he willeth mihi to me (he beareth me ill will,) ideo therefore comminiscitur he faigneth haec these things in against me mee. Non laesi I haue not hurt cum him. Non attigi I haue not touched ipsum him digìto with my finger. Feci I haue done it non volens not willing. F [...]ci I haue done it per through imprudentiam not thinking thereof (vnawares.) Non not ego I in against illum him sed but ille hee in against me mee delìquit hath done an [...]ffence (or committed a fault of omission.) Paenìtet it irketh me mee facti of the fact. Paenìtet it repenteth me mee íllorum of those things quae which deliqui I haue committed in against Petrum Peter. Deinceps henceforth faciam I will doe nihil nothing tale such (no such thing) non [...]uit there hath not béene mihi to me otium leasure scribendi to write discendi to learne haec these things. Propter by reason of oc­cupationes necessary businesses non potui I haue not béene able (or I could not) ades [...]e be present. Promitto I promise, pollíceor I assure you of melióra better things. Vbi where est is pater father, mater mo­ther, praeceptor, maister, nescio I am ignorant thereof, non scio I know not. Est hee is in in musaeo the A [...]dy, penu the buttry, vel or promptuario the victuals-storehouse, aestuario the hotehouse, latrina the priuie house, stab [...]lo the stable, bal [...]o the bath, horto the garden, cul ma the kitchin, cubicùlo the bed chamber, superióri in the vpper parte part aedium of the house, hoc est that is, caenacùlo in the garret, tabulato in the loft, seu or contignatióne in the boorded floure (the to­gether raftering or plancking) aedium of the house. Cellario the cellar, templo the temple. Non est he is not domi at home. Egressus est he is gone forth extra without fores doore (or doores) vrbe out of the citie, ex out of aedibus the house. Formùlae the manners (or fashions) agendi of speaking (talking [...]o [...] treating) cum with condiscipùlis schoole-fel­lowes. Accéde approach, veni come huc hither Petre O Peter. Re­fiste stop, mane stay paulisper a little while. Habeo I haue somewhat quod which dicam I shall tell tibi to thée. (I haue somewhat to say to thée.) Est there is somewhat quod which rogem I may aske (or must aske or request) te thée. Est there is something quod which petam I shall (or will) craue a of te thee. Rogo I request te thée vt that excúses thou excusest me me, (makest excuse for me) absentiae of absence apud with (or before) praeceptórem the maister. Nam for sum I am occu­pátus [Page 11] occupied certis in determined negotijs businesses quo whereby fit it commeth to passe vt that nune now non possim I cannot esse be in schola in the schoole. Faciam I will doe it libenter gladly. Expediam I will dispatch it sed but ea vpon this conditione condition vt that et al­so tu thou facias doest idem the same thing si if [...]ortè peraduenture erit there shall be opus néede mihi to me. Interpretáre interpret haec these things (or words) mihi to me. Quantum how much est is pronunci­andum to be said nobis of vs memorìter by heart prima in (or a [...] the first) hora houre secunda at the second (at one a clocke at two) haec these things sunt are recitanda to be recited nobis of vs memorìter by heart (without looking in the booke, from the memorie onely.) Audí heare me me pronúnciantem saying ouer memoriter by heart quae what things debémus we ought scire to know, postea afterward audiam I will hear [...] te thée vicissim againe for my part. Abberras thou missest pronunciando in pronouncing (or saying ouer.) Legis thou readest malè badly. Di [...] say sensim leasurely. Ne praecipìtes post not vp (or huddle not vp, or vtter not rashly) verba thy words. In in loquendo speaking est it is satiùs better peccáte to offend (or doe amisse) tarditáte with slownesse quàm than celeritáte with hastinesse (or swiftnesse.) Verba words debent ought nasci to be bred in pectòre in the breast non not in ore in the mouth. Sis be praesenti of a bolde (or strong) anìmo spirit (or conrage) metus feare officit hurteth memoriae the memorie. Claude shut librum the booke, libellum the little booke. Fidendum est one must trust memoriae to his memory, non not libris to his bookes. Quisque euery one scit knoweth tantùm so much quantùm as memoria the memory tenet holdeth (or kéepeth in it:) vnde from whence faciam shall I make initium beginning. Incipe begin vbi where desijsti thou made [...]t an end proxìmè last. Ne whether placet pleaseth it (or thinke you it good) certare to contend (or try a masterie) mecum with mee pingendis in writing (or drawing out the forme of) litèris letters. Quidem indéede placet I am well content sed but deest there is want­ing mihi to me charta paper penna a penne▪ atram [...]ntum inke. Da giue mihi to me paulùlum a little de of tua thy charta paper atramento inke. Cuius whose est is liber the booke. Est it is meus mine. Est it is Petri Peters. Redde restore tandem at the length (or at the last) mihi to me meum my librum booke, vsus es thou hast vsed eo it satis enough. Desine cease (or leaue off) fabulari to talke foolishly. Desiste surcease ridère to laugh. Praeceptor the maister aduènit commeth, adest is at hand. [Page 12] Quid what libri booke habes hast thou? Est it is Grammatica a Gram­mar. Fac graunt mihi to me copiam leaue inspiciendi to looke into tui thy libelli little booke parumper a little while. Tace hold thy peace, et and fac doe quae what things sunt are mandáta enioyned (or giuen in charge) tibi to thée. Offendis thou offendest non not tam as much prae­ceptóres maisters qu [...]m as Deum God ipsum himselfe si if non obtem­pèras thou obeyest not. Licèt although praeceptor the maister absit be absent tamen yet notwithstanding Deus God adest is present qui which s [...]it knoweth et and intuétur beholdeth omnia all things. Noto I note (or accuse) te th [...]e vernacùli of naturall (or mother) sermónis speach solaecismi of incongruity barbaris [...] of barbarisme. Loquère speake Latínè in Latine, Graecè in Gréeke. Vtère vse sermóne spéech, Latíno Latine, Graeco Greeke. An whether ignó [...]as art thou ignorant Latí­num that the Latine, Graecum that the Greeke sermónem speech com­parári is gotten loquendo by speaking Latínè in Latine, Graece in Greeke? Frustra in vaine discìmus we learne multa many things, nisi except transferìmus we transferre eàdem the same things ad vnto v­sum vse scribendo by writing et and loquendo by speaking. Accende kindle mihi for mee hanc this candèlam candle. Adfer bring candelá­brum a candlestick, laternam a lanterne. Emunge snuffe, purga scoure (or make cleane) candélam the candle. Strue make (or frame) ignem a fire in in fornáce the fornace, foco the harth, camíno the chimney. Compóne put together, protrúde thrust forward titiónes the fire­brands in in fornáce the fornace. Appóne put vnto plùs more assulá­rum chips (or of the splinters) plus more lignórum wood (or woods.) Alius another dialogus dialogue. Quis who pulsat knocketh ostium the doore? Ego I sum am he. Quis who is ego the I? Ede vtter (or tell) tuum thy nomen name quod what nomen name est is tibi to thee? Io­hannes Iohn est is nomen the name mihi to me. Intromitte let in me me. Apè [...]i open januam the gate. Ianua the gate est is aperta opened. Quispiam a certaine person quaesívit hath sought for te thee. Quidam one (or some person) stans standing pro at (or before) foribus the doore (or doores) expè [...]it desireth (or craueth) conventum to speake with te thee. Ne whether dicis sayest thou istud this seriò in earnest an or jo [...]o in ieast? Dico I speake extra without jocum ieast. Non jocor I ieast not sed but ago I doe (or tell) seria matters in earnest. Ob for quam what causam cause, cu [...] why fles doest thou weepe? Quid what mali euill accìdit hath happened tibi to thee? Caesus sum I haue beene [Page 13] beaten. Dedi poenas I haue beene punished praeceptóri of (or by) the maister. Quid what mali euill fecèras hadst thou done? Nihil none (or nothing.) Haec this est is commúnis the common responsio an­swere omnium of all puerórum boyes, etiam yea cum when vapulárunt they haue beene beaten meritò deseruedly. Quid what controuersiae controuersie est is there inter among vos you? Referámus let vs make relation de concerning haec this controuersia controuersie (or vari­ance) ad vnto hypodidascàlum the vnder-teacher (or vther. Ne whe­ther affers bringest thou libellum the little booke quem which dedèr [...]m I had giuen commodáto for loanth (I had lended) tibi to thee. Vah O wonderfull istud that thing excidèrat had scaped mihi me (had slipped o [...]t of my remembrance) omníno quite or altogether. Non incìdit it happened not mihi to me (it came not into my minde) cum when exí­rem I went out domo from home. Certò surely affèram I will bring it hodie to day cras to morrow. Cujus to whom est doth it appertaine nunc now ministráre to serue (or deliuer) nobis to vs candélam a candle quem whom oportet doth it behooue nunc now emère to buy ligna wood (or woods.) Cujus to whom est doth it belong verrère to sweepe, purgáre to make cleane musaeum the study. Est it is meum my d [...]ty, tuum thy duty, Iohannis Iohns. Scopae a beesome desunt is wanting mihi to me. Egeo I want scopis a broome. Sterne spread (or make) lectum the bed lectùlum the little bed. Accende kindle lychnum a light. Repóne lay vp libros the bookes in into suum their locum place. Alius another. Quid why es art thou tristior sadder solìto than wont (or ac­customed.) Ne whether res the matter est is salva in good case (doth all goe well) perdìdi I haue lost meum my libellum little booke. Cecìdi I haue fallen grauìter greeuously. Pettus Peter minátus est hath threat­ned mihi to me verbèra blowes. Quid why es are you tam so laetus merry? (or glad) quia because copia leaue facta est is graunted (or cau­sed) nobis to (or for vs) abeundi to depart domum home. Venia leaue ludendi to play datà est is giuen nobis to vs. Ad at quotam what (or what number of) horam houre sumus are we iussi commaunded re­díre to returne in into scholam the schoole? ad at horam the houre sextam sixth, octávam eighth, decimam tenth, duodecìmam twelfth, secundam second, quartam fourth, septìmam seuenth, nonam ninth, vndecìmam eleuenth, primam first, tertiam third, quintam fifth: Quo whither va­dis goest thou nunc now? eo I goe domum home. Abeo I goe (or de­part) emptum to buy papírum paper, atramentum inke, pennas pennes, [Page 14] criticeum wheaten panem bread. Vbi where est▪ is Iohannes Iohn? exív ít he went out foras abroad schola from schoole ad for requísita the needes natúrae of nature. Egressus est he went forth è out of literari [...] the learning ludo schoole causa for the cause reddendae of making vrínae vrine (or water.) Quanti for how much mercétus es hast thou bought hunc this libellum little book. Emi I haue bought it tribus for three de­narijs penre, quatuor for foure aureis crownes (or nobles) quinque for fiue drach [...]is groates à of bibliop [...]la the bookeseller. Emisti thou hast bought parvo for a smal precio price, nimio for too much (or ouermuch.) Nemo no body divendit selleth forth (or abroad) vendit selleth alio for another Precio price (at another rate.) Formùlae manners (or formes) commodandi of lending. Commòda lend pennam a penne acum a needle cum with filo a threed librum a booke. Non possum I cannot carére be without it (or lacke it) nunc now. Ipse I my selfe nunc now v [...]or doe vse eo it. Commodabo I will lend it sed but ea with this (or on this) lege condition vt that restituas thou restore [...] it mihi to mee salvum without hurt (or safe) et and matúrè timely (or quickly) ne least that (or that not) ipse I my selfe egeam neede it cum when [...]rit it shall be, vtendum to be vsed mihi of me (I must vse it) or I shall be to vse it) en behold [...]abes thou hast it sed but vide take heede (or sée thou) ne that not commacùles thou staine it aspergas thou besprinkle it labecùlis with little spots. Mens my praeceptor maister rogat reque­steth vt that mittas you send sibi to him Graecum a Gréeks Testamen­tum Tastament vtendum to vse (or to be vsed) in for breue a short tempus time. Non possum I cannot commodáre lend it ei to him in praesentia at this present (or for this present time.) Mutuári to borrow. Cogor I am constrained mutuári to borrow pecuniam money ad to emendas buy vestes garments. Oro I pray te thée vt that des thou giuest (or grantest) mihi to me mutuo for (or vnto) lone (thou lendest) denarium a peny candèlam a candle, chartam a leafe (or shéete) papíri of paper pete aske thou ab of quodam some alio other enim for vix scarce suffìcit there is sufficient mihi ipsi for my selfe. Alius another. Quota of what number est is hora the houre (what is the clocke) prima the first, secunda the second, tertia the third, quarta the fourth, quinta the fifth. Decìma the tenth hora houre immìnet is very néere (it is vpon the stroke of ten a clocke.) Septìma the seauenth octáva the eighth ho­ra houre effluxit is cleane gone praeterijt is past. Non numerávi I haue not tolde (or reckoned) horas the houres. Horologium the clock aberrat [Page 23] goeth [...]issé. Aberras thou errest (or misses [...]) numerando in telling (or numbring.) Clepsammon the houreglasse, subsistit standeth still. Move wagge clepsammon the houre-glasse? Emenda amend (or cor­rect) meam mine Epistòlam Epistle. Meum my scriptum writing. Meos my versus verses. Rogo I request [...]e thée vt that relègas thou reads ouer (or againe) meum my scriptum writing et and si if depre­hendèris thou shalt finde out (or espie) quid any erráti fault tollas thou take away (or put it out.) Formùlae formes rogandi of intreating prae­ceptórem the maister. Nunc now aer the ayre est is serénus cleare (without cloudes or raine) (now it is faire weather.) Coelum the heauen invitat inuiteth ad ludendum to play. Exeámus let vs goe forth lusum to play vel or ad ludendum to play. Nou licet it is not lawfull ludère to play absque without venia leaue. Quispiam somebody est is mittendus to be sent qui who impètrat may obtaine by request nobis for vs veniam leaue ludendi to play. Paulus Paul éat may goe (or let Paul goe) nam est he is benè well linguax tongued (one well able to tell his tale) et and audax bold. Nemo no body est is magis more ido­neus fit ad vnto (or for) hanc this legatiónem embassage (or message) quàm than Petrus Peter. Petre O Peter í goe thou orátum to in­treate nobis for vs veniam leaue ludendi to play. Eat let him goe qui which volet will (or shall be willing) ego I malo leifer carére be with­out (or want) quàm than rogáre aske. Quaeso I beséech i goe thou initúrus to enter in (or get) magnam great gratiam fauour ab of omni­bus all nobis vs (to currie much friendship at our hands.) Quando­quìdem for as much as contendìtis you request (or require) id this matter tantopère so earnestly obsèquar I will obay vestris your precì­bus intreaties. Salve haile et also tu thou Petre O Peter. Tui your discipùli schollers orant doe intreate of tuam your humanitátem courte­sie (or gentlenesse) veniam leaue ludendi to play. Praeceptor the tea­cher. Ludant let them play sed but gregàtim in companies in loco in the place constitúto appointed ad vnto id it (thereunto) et and recipi­ant let them betake se themselues domum home matúrè in season. Sub about (or at) quintam the fift horam houre (fiue a clocke) redeant let them returne in into vrbem the Citie. Puer the boy. Simus let vs be hilàres frollique, impetrávi I haue by request obtained veniam leaue quanquam although aegrè hardly (or with much adoe.) Sed but intè­rim in the meane time cavendum est we mu [...]t beware ne least that peccémus we do amisse quid any thing (least somwhat we doe amisse) consultabìmus we will consult de of (or concerning) genère the kinde [Page 16] lusus of the play in campo in the plaine field. Formûlae formes collo­quendi of communing cum with condiscipùlis schoole-fellowes. Vnde whence venis commest thou tam so mane early in the morning? ex out of nostro our cubicùlo bed-chamber. Quando when surrexisti arosest thou? Paulò a little ante before sextam the sixth horam houre (si [...]e a clocke.) Quis who excitá vit wakened (or stirred vp) te thée. Pater fa­ther. Mater mother. Frater brother. Soror sister. Adorasti hast thou prayed vnto (or worshipped) Deum God? Egisti hast thou done (or giuen) gratias thankes Deo to God. Quum primùm as soone as pexui I kembed (or had kembed) crines my haire (or haires) et and laui washed manus hands, faciem face, ac and os mouth precátus sum I prayed. Quomodo how precátus es prayest thou? genìbus my knées (or with my knees) flexis bowed (or bended, knéeling on my knées.) Et and manibus my hands coniunctis ioyned together (holding vp my hands together) recitávi I said by heart (or recited) decalògum the de­calogue (or ten commandements) Apostolìcum the Apostles symbò­lum creede, Dominicam the Lords oratiónem prayer et and addìdi I added notam a famous (or familiar) precatiónem prayer cum with actióne a doing (or giuing) gratiárum of thankes (a thankesgiuing.) Qua in what lingua tongue (or language) soles art thou wont precári to pray aliàs sometimes vernacùla in my motherne (or naturall) aliàs other-whiles Latina in the Latine nonnunquam sometimes etiam also Graeca in the Greeke. Chare O well beloued puer boy facis thou doest piè godlily et and rectè rightly (or well.) Cura haue a care tu thou vt that nunquam neuer neglìgas tho [...] neglectest hanc this partem part tui of thy officij duty. Dabo I will giue opèram endeauour se­dùlo diligently Deo God dante graunting memor mindfull dicti of the saying Christi of Christ sine without me me potestis y [...]e can (or can be able) facère to doe nihil nothing. Item also (or likewise) oportet it behooueth oráre to pray semper alwayes et and non not defatigári to be weary. Quò whither vadis goest thou? Eo I goe domum home. Ne whether es art thou parátus ready ad for reddendam to render ratiónem an account tuórum of thy studiórum studies? Sum I am parátus rea­die (or prepared) vt as videor I seeme mihi to my selfe (as me think­eth.) Igìtur then (or therefore) redde render ratiónem an account et and sis be thou praesenti of a bolde (or good) anìmo spirit (or courage.) Hora at the houre sexta sixth, septìma seauenth, octáva eighth, audìvì­mus we heard Cicerónem Cicero, Terentium Terence, Isocràtèm Iso­crates. [Page 17] Audivìmus wee haue hear [...] alìquid that something explicári was expounded in Epistòlis in the Epistles. Nona in the ninth hora houre exercuì [...]us we practised stylum our penne (we vsed writing.) Tenes doest thou keepe memoria in memory praelectiónem thy lesson? Propemòdum in a manner. Ferè almost. Prope well-neere. Ne whe­ther vis wilt thou repetámus that we repeate vnà together? Maxìmè yea, (or very greatly) velim I would (or can be willing.) Incìpe be­gin igitur then. Ordíre begin thou to say (or begin thou.) Faciam I will doe it libenter gladly, sed but ausculta hearken tu thou attentè at­tentiuely vt that corrìgas thou maist correct (or amend) s [...] if peccavèro I shall erre) or misse in) quid any thing. Iam already semel once, bis twice, ter thrice, quater foure times, quinquies fiue times, sexies sixe times, septies seauen times, octies eight times, novies nine times, de­cies ten times, errasti thou hast missed. Me O me misèrum wretched (wretched one that I am.) Putabam I did thinke me that I tenère did retaine or keepe in memory) praeclarè right well. Idem the same thing et also solet is wont accidère to chaunce mihi to me cum when as memoria my memory est is non not satis enough confirmáta streng­thened. Felix happy is he qui which est is praedìtus endued bona with a good memoria memory. Revéra in very deede est it is magnum a great beneficium benefit. Sed but tempus the time abit passeth away, ìgìtur therefore et also audi heare thou me me nunc now, audio I heare, re­cìta recite. Discipùlus the scholler. Observande reuerend lu di-magister schoolemais [...]r quaedam certaine (or some) necessìtas necessity cogit constraineth me me invisère to goe to see (or visite) patriam my Coun­trey, parentes my parents cognátos my kinsfolke quod the which vt that liceat it may be lawfull (that the which may be lawfull) mihi for me per through te you (by your leaue) oro I intreate. Venerabìlis worshipfull praeceptor maister ego I jam now alìquot certaine annis yeeres sub vnder tua your ferùla paulmer navans employing opèram endeauour bonis to good litèris learning (or letters) institútus sum haue beene instructed à of (or by) te you diligenter diligently et and fidelìter faithfully: verò but (or and) nunc now visum est it hath seemed good meis to my parentibus parents, amícis friends, tutorìbus t [...]tours (or gardians) vt that confèram I betake me mee hinc hence ad vnto alì­quam some academiam vniuersity, vbi where possim I may be able capère to take ampliórem a more aboundant cultum ornament (or fur­niture) ingenij of wit, et and postea afterward servíre to serue Deo in [Page 26] in aliqua some honesta honest functióne function vtiliùs more profi­tablely (or expediently) et and prodesse to profit alijs other hominibus men. Quare wherefore ago I giue tibi to you maxìmas most great gratias thanks pro for tuis your plurìmis very many beneficijs benefits in vnto (or towards) me [...], et and polliceor I promise me that I velle will non not solùm onely perpetuo continually meminisse remember illa them, sed but etiam also apud among omnes all bonos good men praedicáre make good report of them grata with a thankfull mente minde et and lingua tongue. Ludimagister the schoolema [...]er. Cha­rissìme man dearely beloued adolescens youth, significatio the manife­station tuae of thy modestiae modesty et and gratitudìnis gratefulnesse quam which decláras thou declarest hac by this tua thy oratióne speach est is grata acceptable mihi to me. Ve [...]ò and vtìnam would hoc in this corrupto corrupt secùlo age, et and his in these perditis desperately naught morìbus manners juventútis of youth, essent there were plures more tales such qui which imitarentur would imitate tuam thy diligen­tiam diligence in in discendis learning litèris letters (or literature) et and regendis in ruling (or ordering) moribus their manners. Verò and ego I non not solùm only libenter willingly do giue tibi to thée v [...] ­niam leaue abeundi to depart (or goe) in into patriam thy countrey, sed but etiam also oro doe pray Deum God vt that deinceps afterward (or now hereafter) regat he rule et and gubernet he gouerne te thée vt that sicut as incepisti thou hast begun pulchrè goodly (or very well) ita so peràgas thou maist goe through with to an end, nec neither sinas maist suffer te thy selfe corrumpi to be corrupted exemplis with the examples et and sodalitio fellowship (or company) pravórum of naughty homì­num men quorum of whom vbique euery where est there is magna great copia store, vt that paulò a little post after (not long after) possis. thou maid esse be emolumento a benefit (profitable) ecclesiae to church et and reipublicae common-wealth, honóri an honour patriae to coun­trey et and amí [...]is friends, verò and voluptáti a pleasure et and solatio a solace parentibus to thy parents. Vade goe in pace in peace. Alíus another. Quid what agis doest thou? Sedeó I fit. Ago I doe nihil no­thing. Video I see. Sed but quomòdo how tuae thy res matters ha­bent haue se themselue, (how goe thine affaires.) Non not fatis enough felicìter happily. Habent they haue pessìme very bad (they goe very ill.) Fort assis peraduenture interpello I disturbe te thée occupátum oc­cupied serijs in earnest negotijs businesses. Imò nay rather maxìmè [Page 19] very greatly vacuum [...]ant (or at leisure.) Enim for jam already tae­dium a wearinesse otii of leasure cepèrat had taked me mee (had begun to take hold on mee) et and desiderábam I did desire congerrónem a merry companion. Fortassis peraduenture interturbo I interrupt im­pedio I hinder tua thy negotia businesses. Imò nay rather discùtis thou driuest away taedium the wearisomenesse otii of idlenesse. Da grant veniam pardon si if interpellárim I haue interrupted te thée pa­rùm a little in tempòre in a seasonable time. Imò nay rather advènis thou commest in in ìpso the very tempòre seasonable time (thou com­mest euen at the very point and chiefe season.) Tuus thy adventus com­ming est is vehementer greatly gratus acceptable mihi to mée. Fortassis peraduenture alìquid some seriae serious re [...] matter agìtur is handled inter betwéene vos you, cui whereto ego I nolim am vnwilling (or would not) esse be impedimento an hinderance. Imò yea but locúti sumus wée haue spoken de te concerning thée. Credo I beléeue it fa­cilè easily, nam for mirè wonderfully auris my eare tinniébat did tingle (or ring or burne) mihi to mée venienti comming huc hither. V [...]ra whether? Sinistra the left. Vnde from whence conjicio I coniecture nihil that nothing magnificè with much commendation fuisse dictum was said [...]e me concerning mée. Imò nay rather nihil non nothing not (euery thing) honorificum spoken to thy honour. Sed but quid what bonae good rei matter (or thing) est is it? Aiun [...] they say te that thou factum esse art become venatórem an hunter. Imò yea. jam now intra within meos my casses nets (or hayes) est there is praeda the prey quam which venábar I hunted. Quaenam what is it? Lepìda a pretie puella damsell quam whom sum I am ductúrus to marry (or take vnto wife) perendie the next day after to morro [...]. Ideò therefore oro I intreate [...]os you vt that tunc then cohonestétis you grace (or set forth) nuptias the Wedding vestra by your praesentia presence. Quaenam who est is Sponfa the Bride? Dorothea Dorothie filia the daughter nostri of our concionatóris Prea­cher. De for (or concerning) hac her merìtò with good cause gratulá­mur wée reioyce in the behalfe of tibi thée. Nam for non not solùm on­ly est shee is pulchra faire (or beautifull) sed but etiam also benè well educáta brought vp et both ad to manendum abide domi at home ac and curanda to regard (or take care of) domestìca houshold (or home) negotia businesses, optìmè maruellously well institúta trained vp (or instructed.) confabulatio a communing domestìca pertainingto house [Page 20] (or houshold) matters. Heus ho [...] puer boy prodit commeth there forth nemo no body huc hither? Hic this man opinor I thinke effringet will breake open (or to péeces) fores the dore. Est it is veri [...]ìmìle very like esse that he is aliquem sonte samiliárem familiar. O amice O friend mi my Petie Peter quid what adfers doest thou bring? Meipsum mine owne selfe. Tu thou certè truly attulisti hast brought huc hither rem a thing haud not magni of a great pretii price. Atqui yea but con­stìti I cost meo patri my father magno a great price. Credo I beléeue eum that he fecisse hath made (or bestowed) majóres greater sumptus costs (or charges) in vpon te thée quàm than pro according to digni­táte thy worthines (or desert.) Sed but nc whether est is Iohannes Iohn domi at home? Non scio I know not certò certainly (or assu­redly.) sed but abi goe visum to sée. Vel or abi goe tu thou potiùs ra­ther interogátum to aske (or enquire) an whether sit he be domi at home. An whether velit he will jam now at length (or ere it be long) esse bée domi at home? Heus hoe Petre Peter num whether, es art thou domi at home? Non sum I am not. Impùdens thou shamelesse one non ego audio doe not I heare te thée loquentem speaking. Imò nay rather tu thou impudentior art more shamelesse. Enim for [...]uper lately credìdi I beleeuedtuae thy ancillae maid te that thou non esse was not domi at home, et and tu thou non credis beleeuest not mihi ipsi mée my selfe. Dicis thou sayest aequum right (thou speakest reason.) Nam for refers thou rendrest par like pari for like Sed but vidéris thou sée­mest mihi to mee agère to leade (or liue) vitam the life cochleae of a Snaile. Quid why ita so? Quia because perpetuò alwaies sedes thou sittest domi at home nec and not prorèpis commest forth vsquam to a­ny place. Est there is matter quod which agam I may doo domi at home, feris abroad est there is mihi to mee nihil nothing negotii of bu­sinesse (no businesse.) Et and si if esset there were quid any tamen yet notwithstanding haec this aura winde (or ayrs) cohibuisset would had kept (or restrained) me mée à from publìco abroad alìquot certaine dies daies. Sed but nunc now coelum the firmament (or ayre) est is serénum faire (or cleere) et and invítat inuiteth (or allureth) ad to de­ambulandum walke abroad. Si if lubet it liketh prodeambuláre to walke forth, non recúso I refuse not. Assìdes thou sittest at libris thy bookes nimiùm ouermuch. Macèras thou wearest out te thy selfe im­modìco with immoderate (or vnmeasurable) studio studie. Malo I haue rather (or liefer) marcescère to be consumed (or become faint.) [Page 21] studio with studie quàm than amóre with loue. Ecquid whether haec this deambulatio walking abroad fuit hath beene voluptáti vnto (or for) pleasure? Quidem truly ego I delectátus sum ea hane beene de­lighted therewith (or therein) vehementer very greatly. A liús another dialògus dialogue. Opto I wish tibi to thee multam much felicitátem happinesse. Et and ego I opto wish conduplicátum double quicquid whatsouer optas thou wishest mihi to mee. Quid what agis doest thou? Confabùlor I commune. Quid what? Confábuláre doest thou commune solus alone? Certè truly confabùlor I talke cum with lepi­dissìmo a most pleasant congetróni merry companion. Quo with whom? Divo with saint Paulo Paul. Ciceróne with Cicero. Qui­dem indeed facis thou doest istud that saepe oftentimes. Sed but variè­tas varietie est is grata pleasant (or acceptable.) Tu thou [...] perpetuò continually tu thou noctes nights et and dies daies incumbis applyest (or bendest earnestly) litèris to learning. Nihil nothing suave is sweet (or pleasant) quod the which perpetuum is continuall without cea­sing. Facis thou doest tuo after thy more fashion (or custome.) Rides thou laughest at me mee vt as soles thou art wont. Ipsi the very libri bookes obducti couered ou [...]r pulv ère with dust testantur doe testifie (or witnesse) meam my diligentiam diligence in in studiis studies de con­cerning mea my diligentia diligence in studiis in studies. Loquor I speake seri ò earnestly ex from anìmo my heart. Formùlae formes man­dandi of giuing in charge (or bidding) ac and pollicendi of promi­sing. Quaeso I beseeth vt that haec this res thing sit may be tibi to the [...] cordi vnto heart (that thou hast a care of this thing.) Rogo I request etiam yet atque and etiam yet further (earnestly and diligently) vt that hoc this negotium businesse sit be tibi to thee curae a core. Si if a­mas thou louest me mee efficias bring to passe (or to effect) hoc this thing fideliter faithfully et and diligenter diligently. Ego I reddam will make (or procure) hoc this thing effectum effected tibi for thee, et and quidem indeed propediem shortly (within these few daies.) Non possum I cannot praestàre vndertake for (or warrant) eventum the euent, polliceor I promise illud this, nec n [...] fidem that faith­fulnesse ne [...] nor studium endea [...]our de [...]utú [...] [...]all be wanting mihi to (or in) mee. Polliceor I promise nihil nothing [...] in speach (or word.) sed but praestáb [...] I will perform [...] in the deed quicquid whatsoeuer est is the dutie sincéri of a sincere [...] friend, et and be­nevolentis bearing good will exanimo from the heart (or affection.) [Page 22] Cur why non visis doest thou not visit (or goe to see?) Propter by reason of quam what causam cause non invísis doest thou not come to see nos vs tamdiu so long a while? Quid what accìdit hath happened quòd that tam so longo long tempòre time non accessèris thou hast not come ad vnto nos vs tam so longo long tempòre a time? Quid what obstìtit hath letted (or beene in the way) quo whereby minùs the lesse (that not) jam now diu a great while (or long time) venèrís thou hast come ad nos vnto vs? Non licuit it hath not beene lawfull; (or I might not, or could not.) Non licuit I was not free per by reason of occupatiónes necessary businesses. Otium leisure non fuit hath not beene mihi to mee (I haue had no leisure.) Equìdem truly volui I haue beene willing sed but facultas ability (or leaue) non data est hath not beene giuen (or granted) mihi to mee. Negotia the businesses quibus with which eram I was implicàtus incumbred non patiebantur suffered not vt that salutárem I might salute te thee (that I might doe my duty to you.) Accipio I accept tuam thy excusatiónem excuse, sed but hac with this lege condition ne that not vtáris thou vsest it saepiùs oftner times. Tua thy excusatio excuse est is justior juster quàm than vellem I would siquìdem in as much as morbus a disease fuit was (or hath beene) in causa for excuse (hath beene the cause or oc­sion.) accipio I receiue (or take) tuam thy excusatiónem excuse hac lege vpon this condition si if quod that which est is neglectum neg­lected compenses thou make amends for crebris with often alloquiis communications. Successus the successe (or euent.) Res the matter successit hath prospered (or had successe) meliùs better opinióne than supposell (then you thinke.) Impetràvi I haue obtained by request plus more quàm than ausus fuissem I might had dared optáre to wish. Omnis all res the matter cecìdit hath chanced ex according to sententia my minde (as I would wish or haue it.) Et both habeo I giue et and habitúrus sum I will giue maxìmam very great gratiam thankes tibi to you quoad as long as vivam I liue. Possum I can vi [...] scarce agère giue gratias thankes pares meet (or equall) pro for isto that tuo thy beneficio good turne, referre to requite nequá quam in no wise. quòd for that meum my negotium businesse est is tibi to thee cordi vn­to heart (a [...].) Amo I loue te thee et and habeo I [...] gratiam thankes, Ex out of (or among) omnìbus all beneficiis benefits quae which plurìma being very many tu thou contulisti hast bestowed in on me mee hoc this est is longè farre gratissimum the most acceptable. [Page 23] Responsio the answer, Nostra our necessitúdo nigh friendship est is major greater quàm than vt that vel either tu thou mihi to mee vel or ego I tibi to thee debeam nought agère to giue gratias thankes pro for vllo any beneficio good turne. Qui hee which benè well merétur de­serueth de of amíco a friend non dat doth not giue beneficium a kinde­nesse (or good turne) sed but foenèrat lendeth out to vsutie. Si if ex anìmo from the heart probas thou allowest (or approuest) meum my officium duty (or seruice) in vnto (or towards) te thee, fac doo vtáre that thou maist vse it (see that thou vse it) saepids oftener. Alius a­nother. Prandébis will you dine coenábis will you suppe hodiè to day domi at home? Oportet me it behooueth me (I must) prandére dine caenáre suppe apud with socèrum my wiues father socrum my wiues mother genèrum my sonne in law (hee that marrieth my daughter) affínem mine alliance (or cousin by marriage) consùlem the Consul. Igìtur therefore in for (or against) crastìnum the morrow voco I call (or bid or inuite) te you ad vnto prandium dinner caenam supper. Oro I intreate te you vt that cras to morrow prandeas you dine caenes you suppe mecúm with mee. timeo I feare ne least that non possim I cannot. Metuo I am afraid vt possim that I cannot. Veniam I will come siquìdem if so be that licèbit it shall be lawfull (I may.) Sed but metuo I feare ne least that non queam I cannot be able (or may not.) Quare wherefore cur why propter by reason of quam what causam cause? Quid what obstat letteth quo minùs that not possis you may veníre come? Tunc then quidem truly manendum est mihi I must tar­ry domi at home. Cras to morrow non licébit it will not be lawfull (or free) mihi for me exíre to goe forth. Ipse I my selfe tunc at that time expecto expect alíquot certaine compransóres diners with mee concoenatóres suppers with me non possum I cannot pollicéri promise certaínely. Nequeo I cannot promittère promise. Veniam I will come vbi when as videbìtur it shall seeme vtríque to both nostrum of vs esse to be commodissìmum the most commodious (or conuenient) (or when it shall seeme to be most conuenient for both of vs.) Sed but ego I detineo doe detaine te thee fortassis peraduenture itúrum a­bout to goe aliò to another place. Imò yea rather ego I (doo detaine) te thee opíno [...] I suppose. Sed but cras tomorrow confabulabìmur we will talke togither latiùs more amply. Crastino on to morrowes die day nugabìmur wee will talke sleightly of (or tri [...]le about) plura more things. Intèrim in the meane while cura haue a care vt that va­leas [Page 24] thou be in good health. Formùla a forme gratulandi of being glad in behalfe de of redìtu a returne. Matthaeus Mat [...]hew et and Lucas Luke. Gratùlor I reioyce in the behalfe of tibi thee reverso returned in patriam into thy countrie de of redìtu thy returne in patriam into thy countrie. L. Et and ego I tibi for thee superstìti suruiuing (or aliue) Matthaee O Matthew. M. rediisti thou hast returned nobis to vs obesior grosser (or fatter) et and procerior taller solito than wont (than thou was wont.) Abiisti thou departedst (or wentest) [...]ine without barba beard imberbis beardlesse: rediisti thou hast returned barbátus bearded. Habens hauing prolixam a long barbam bears. Praedìtus indued (or adorned) pulchra with a faire barba beard. L. At but quidem indeed mallem I should leiser redíre to returne pruden­tior wiser et and doctior learneder. M. Gratulámur wee reioyce in the behalfe of et both tibi thee et and nobis our selues, quòd because sis thou art restitútus restored nobis to vs vivus liuing et and valens in good health. L. Ego I vicissim for my part likewise laetor am glad quòd because incolùmis I safe and sound offendèrim haue found vos yee incolùmes safe and sound. Quòd for that reperèrim I haue found te thee salvum safe (or in good health) gaudeo I am glad vehementer exceeding greatly. M. Quid what vult meaneth sibi to it selfe ille that pallor palenesse? (What meaneth that pale colour?) Quid what maci­es the leannesse? Quid what rugae the wrinckles in fronte in the fore­head? L. Qualis such as (of what sort) fortúna the fortune (euen as ones fortune is) talis such est is et also habìtus the habit corpòris of the bo­dy. Nunquid whether any thing agìtur is done (or gone) malè badly tecum with thée? Nunquid whether alìquid any acerbi grieuous thing (or aduersitie) accìdit hath chanced tibi tó thée? L. Etsi although ferè almost nullo in no tempòre time fortúna fortune favit hath fauou­red mihi mee, tamen yet notwithstanding nunquam neuer adversàta est it hath crossed (or beene against) mihi mee magìs more quàm than nunc now. M. Doleo I c [...]ndol [...] (or am sorrie for) tuam thy vicem case (or misfortune.) Tua thy calàmìtas calamity dolet grieueth (or is w [...]full) mihi to mee. Sed but quid what est is istud that mali euill? L. Feci I haue made naufragium shipwracke vniversae of all (of euery whit of my) pecuniae money. M. Vbínam where charissìme most dearely beloued one? L. Navigatúrus sayling (or about to saile) in in Baltìco the Balticke mari sea ex out of Dania Denmarke in into Germaniam Germany. M. Igìtur then non est there is not dubium [Page 25] doubt quin but oravèris thou prayedst (or could haue prayed) dili­genter diligently. L. Nunquam neuer diligentiùs more diligently. M. Igìtur then fatéris thou confessest it esse to be verum true (that that is true) quod which dicìtur is said; qui he that nescit knoweth not orá­re to pray discat let him learne navigáre to saile. L. Fateor I confesse (it,) nam for expertus sum I haue experienced (or proued it) ipsa in the very re deed. M. Habet it hath (or goeth) benè well, quòd that ipse thou thy selfe enatasti hast swimmed out (or escaped) nobis to vs vivus aliue. Est it is melius better facère to suffer Iactúram losse pecu­niae of money quám than vitae of life. Igìtur therefore vides thou seest doctrínam that learning et and virtútem that vertue esse are tutissìmas most safe divitias riches quae which nec neither possunt can eripi bee taken away nec nor gravant d [...]t load (or burden) circumferentem the bearer (he that alwaies carrieth the same about him.) Tu thou qui­dem indeed Philosopháris philosophisest (studiest philosophy or spea­kest Philosopher like) pulchrè ioylily well, sed but intèrim in the meane while ego I angor am vexed dolóre with the griefe. Salutáre to salute per alium another. Salúta salute thou meos my parentes parents (doe my commendations to my parents.) Sakíta salute con­sùlem the Consul pastórem the Pastour socrum my wiues mother af­finem my cousin (by marriage) meo in my nomìne name vel or meis with my verbis words. Quò whither vadis goest thou Nicholaè O Nicholas? Rectà straight forth in patrìam into the countrie. Resiste stop (or stay) paulisper a little while, est there is businesse quod the which mandem I may commit tibi to you. (There is somewhat which I should giue in charge to you.) Sed but sarcìna a packe non convènit squareth (or suiteth not) pedìti to a footman (it is not fit for a footman to beare a trusse or fardle.) Non impónam I will not put vpon tibi thée magnum a great onus burden. Autem but quid what rei thing est is it? Vt that amanter louingly salútes you salute meis verbis with my words omnes all praeceptóres the masters (or tea­chers,) et and meos my familiáres familiars (or friends or acquain­tance) in in rostochiána Rostock Academia Ʋniuersitie. Si if impónis you impose (or la [...]e on mee) nihil aliud sarcìnae no other packs praeter besides salutatiónes salutations, facìlè easily perfèram I shall beare it through (to the waies end.) Autem and (or but) ego I, ne least that facias thou maist (or shouldest doe) istud this thing gratis without re­ward (for nothing) precor doe pray vt that Christu [...] Christ sit be tibi [Page 26] to thée comes a companion itinèris of the iourney. Quod that which precáris thou prayest for Deus God faxit grant. Enim for si if habuèro I shall haue Christum Christ comìtem a companion itinèris of the way (or iourney) scio I know me that I satìs enough esse am munítum fenced (or fortified) contra against omnia all pericùla dangers. For­mùlae formes interrogandi of asking de concerning valetudìne health. Georgius George. Lucas Luke, G. Ne whether vales are you in good health? L. Contempláre behold diligently vultum my countenance. G. Quin why, not magis rather jubes doest thou bid me (to looke dili­gently vpon) lotium thy water (or vrine?) An whether putas thin­kest thou, me that I (am) medicum a phisitian? Non rogo I aske not an whether valeas thou be in good health, nam for ipsa thy very fa­cies face loquìtur speaketh (or telleth) te that thou valére art in health bellè well (or goodly,) sed but quomòdo how placeas canst thou please (or delight) tibi thy selfe? L. Corpus my body quidem indéed habet hath bellè well (is well) sed but est it is anìmo to my minde malè ill (my minde is not well) G. At but non valet he is not in good health, qui which labórat is ill at ease ista in that parte part. L. Sic so meae my res matters habeut haue (goe or are,) corpus my body valet is well, sed but cruména my purse aegrótat is sicke G. Mater thy mother me­debitur will cure isti this morbo disease facilè easily. Vt how valuisti hast thou done (béene in health) hueusque hitherto? L. Variè after a diuers manner, vti as res the things (or matters) mortalium of mortall men sunt are. G. Fuistíne whether hast thou béene semper al­waies prospèrâ of (or in) prosperous valetudìne health? Prosperrìma of most prosperous, gratia thankes Deo to God. Ego I beneficio through the fauour (or bountifulnesse) Dei of God perpetuò conti­nually valui haue béene in health bellissìmè most goodly (or pleasant­ly.) hactèous hitherto f [...]i I haue béene bona in good valetudìne health. G. Deus God faxit grant vt that istud this (that) thing (or benefit) sit be perpetuum continuall et and proprium thine owne. Audio I heare istud that thing laetus ioyfull, gratùlor I reioyce in the behalfe of tibi thée. Gratias thankes (be) Deo to God. Habeo I haue (or yéeld) gratiam thankes Deo to God, ago I giue Deo to God gratias thankes maxìmas very great quantas as (how great as) possum I can. Sed but fuit hath there béene tibi to thée intèrim in the meane while nihil nothing molestiae of trouble (no disquiet or tediousnesse?) L. Nihil nothing (or none) nisi except quòd that non licuit it was [Page 27] not lawfull (I might not) frui enioy uestra your consuetudìne acquain­tance (or company.) Malè valére to be ill (or infirme.) G. Ne whe­ther vales art thou in health rectè well (or rightly?) A. Quidem in­déed vellem I would Non valeo I am not in health per omnia in all things (parts) v [...]cumque howsoeuer valeo I am strong. Non bene valeo I am not in good health corpòse in body admòdum very much vt as soleo I am wont. Valeo I am in health vt as visum est it hath séemed good Deo to God. Valeo I am in state secus otherwise quàm than vellem I would. vt as solent they are wont, quibus to whom res matter, (businesse or dealing) cum medìcis with physitians est is, G. Deus God avertat turne (it) away (forefend,) narras thou tellest rem a matter peracerbam very sowre (or vnpleasant) mihi to mée. Oportet it behooueth (that) sis thou be bono anìmo of a good courage. Oportet it behooueth (that) praestes thou declarest te thy selfe virum a man. Esto bee thou forti of a strong infractóque and not discouraged anìmo minde (or spirit) contra against morbum the disease. Bonus anìmus a good courage multùm much juvat helpeth in mala re in a bad matter. Quo morbo with what disease tenèris art thou halden? Quis morbus what disease tenet holdeth te thée? Quid morbi what disease habes hast thou? Quo morbo of what disease laboras art thou sicke? [...]. Nescio I know not, et and ideò therefore labóro I am sicke pericu­losiùs the more dangerously. G. Dicis thou sayest verum true. Dicis thou sayest rectè rightly. Enim for primus gradus the first degrée ad sanitátem vnto health est is nouisse to know morbum the dísease. Ne whether consuluisti hast thou asked counsell of nullum medìcum no physitian? L. Equìdem truly multos many. G. Quid what respon­dent doe they answer? L. Alius one negat saith no, alius another cen­set déemeth deliberandum that aduisement must be taken. In ho [...] in this omnes all consentiunt doe agrée me that I esse am misèrum mise­rable. G. Quantum tempòris how much time est is it, quòd that ho [...] malum this euill corripuit hath taken (or caught) to thée? Quam­prídem how long habet holdeth te thée hic morbus this dísease: L. Octo dies eight daies. Iam now est it is fermè almost intèger mensis a whole moneth. Malè habeo I haue béene ill tres thrée, quatuor foure, aut or quinque intègros menses [...]ue whole moneths. labóre I am (or haue béene) sicke jam now decimum mensem the tenth moneth. Aegróto I am (or haue béene) sicke jam already intègrum an [...]m a whole yéere. G. Genseo I thinke good adniténdum that greatly it must be endea­uoured [Page 29] ne that not morbus the dísease fiat become familiáris familíar. Num whether est is it hydrops a dropsie? I. Negant they say no. g. Num whether dysenteria the bloudy flixe? I. Non arbitror I suppose not. g. Num whether febris a feauer? I. Credo esse I beleeue that it is. g. Qualisnam of what sort (or manner) est is febris the feaner? Con­tinuance whether continuall, an or quotidiána quotídian (that happe­neth euery day) an or tertiána tertian (that happeneth euery third day) an or quartána quartaine (that happeneth on euery fourth day?) I. Opinor I suppose esse it to be novam speciem a new kinde febris of feauer, vt as nunc now a dayes subinde euer now and then novi mor­bi new diseases exoriuntur doe arise out (or spring forth) incognìti vn­knowne antèhac heretofore. g. At but truly erat there was plus aboue (or more than) satis enough vetèrum of olde ones. l. Ita so visum est it hath seemed good Deo to God punienti punishing nova peccáta new sinnes novis morbis with new diseases. g. Quoto die on what day re­currit commeth againe dolor the paine? l. Quoto die on what day nar­ras sayest thou? Imò yea quotidie daily, saepiùs oftner quàm than Eu­rípus (an arme of the sea that ebbeth and floweth seauen times in a day.) g. O malum O euill abominandum to be abhorred! Vnde from whence contraxisti hast thou gotten morbum the disease? Vnde from whence suspicáris doest thou suspect (or suppose) hoc mali that this euill esse collectum hath beene taken (or gathered?) l. Ex inedia out of hunger (or lacke of meate and drinke.) g. At but non soles thou art not wont vsque adeò so much esse to be superstitiósus superstitious, vt that macèras te thou spendest (or consumest thy selfe) jejunio with fa­sting. l. Non erat it was not religio religion, sed but inopia pouerty. Enim for cibus meat non dabátur was not gíuen. Arbìtror I iudge na­tum that it was bred è frig òre out of colde: crudìtas the rawnesse sto­màchi of the stomack contracta est was contracted è crudis malis from rawe apples. g. Vide see (or take heed) ne least that concilláris thou hast procured hoc mali thís euíll tibi to thy selfe ex out of immodìco vnmea­surable aut or intempestívo vnseasonable studio study, aut either ex largióre potatióne out of more aboundant drinking (more than custom was, or more than enough) aut or ex ebriétate out of drunkennesse. Sed but cur wherefore non accersis goest not thou to call (or fetch) me­dicum the Phistian? l. Timeo I feare ne least that augeat he may en­crease morbum the disease citìus sooner quàm than curet may cure (it.) Metuo I feare ac least that det hee may giue venénum poyson pro in [Page 28] stéede of remedio a remedy. g. Igìtur therefore est hee is diligendus to be beloued, cui whom fidas thou maist trust tu [...]ò safely. l. Si if mori­endum est I must die, malo I haue rather mori to die semel once, quàm than excarnificátus be rended in péeces (or tormented) tot pharmàcis with so many medicines. g. Igìtur then fac doe, vt that ipse thou sis maist be Medìcus a Physitiam tibí to thy selfe. Sì if diffídis thou di­strustest homìni a man Medìco being a Physitian, precor I pray vt that Deus God sit may be tibì to thée vice in steed Med [...]ci of a Physi­tian. Sunt there are they qui which indúti clad veste with a garment Monàchi of a Monke convaluérunt haue recouered health. l. Idem the same thing fortasse peraduenture evenisset would had happened, si if fuissent they had béene recti couered pelle with the skinne Leónis of a Lyon. Verùm but ista these things nihil nothing condúcunt are pro­fitable diffidenti to one distrusting. g. Igìtur then fide trust vt that reviviscas thou maist come to thine olde state agaíne (or recouer.) Alij some sunt are leváti eased morbo of a disease, votis vowes (or pro­mises) nuncupátis made solemnly (with formall words) alicui to some one divórum of the Saints. l. At but ego I non paciscor doe not make [...]ouenant cum diuis with the saints. g. Proinde therefore pete tu craus thou beneficium the benefit sanitátis of health à Christo from Christ cui whom fi dis thou trustest. l. At ego but I nescio know not an whe­ther sit it be beneficium a benefit. g. An non est whether is it not bene­ficium a benefit liberári to be fréed morbo from a disease? Nonnun­quam sometimes est it is felicius more happy mori to die. Ego autem but I peto doe craue nihil nothing à Christo of Christ, nisi except quod which sit is (or may be) optìmum best. g. Tu quidem thou indéed philosopháris doest philosophize (or philosophically treate) piè godlily. Enim for cùm when petìmus wee aske (or craue) à Deo of God bona good things necessaria necessary ad hanc vitam for this life, semper al­waies addendum est we must adde, Domìne O Lord si tu vis if thou wilt. Autem but spiritualia spirítuall et and aeterna eternall bona good things sunt are petenda to be asked à Deo of God sine without vlla any conditióne condition. Sed but vale farewell mi Luca my Luke. l. Cha­rissìme Georgi O most deare George vale et tu farewell thou also in crastìnùm till to morrow. Alius dialògus another dialogue. g. Fuitne whether hath béene hoc iter this iourney faustum lucky et commòdum and commodious tibi to thée? l. Sic satis so enough (indifferently) nìsi quod sauing that nihil nothing vsquam in any place est tutum is [Page 22] safe à latronìbus from robbers. g. Advènis commest thou pedes a foot­man an eques or a horseman? I. Partim partly itinère by a going pe­dèstri ou foote, partim partly Vehicùlo by Waggon, partim partly equo on horse, partim partly navigio by sayling (or shipping.) g. Quo in sta­tu in what state sunt are res Belgìcae matters of Belgica (or of the low Countries.) l. Sanè truly turbul ento in a turbulent (or full of troubles.) Sunt there are magnae minae great threats bellórum of warres. g. Sed but omittámus let vs omit haec these matters. Enim for nihil nothing is nobis to vs (we haue nothing to doe) cum marte with warre. Quo­mòdo how habent haue (or goe) tuae res thine owne matters? l. Bene well, pulchrè goodlily, optìmè very well. g. Nonne whether not agìtur is it done (or fallen forth) bene well tecum with thée? l. Optimè very well, felicissìmè most happily. g. Nonne whether not vtèris doest thou take profit of prospèro statu the prosperous estate fortúnae of fortune? l. Imo nay rather maxìmè adverso the greatly vnfortunate. Res the matter non potest esse cannot be in pejóri statu in a worser state. g. Non cepisti hast thou not taken, quod captábas that which thou didst goe about to take? Non contìgit praeda hath not the prey happened, quam venabaris which thou didst hunt? l. Venábor equìdem I did hunt in­deede, sed iráta Diána but Diana being angry. g. Est is there nihil spei no hope reliquum remaining? l. Permultum spei very much hope, sed but nihil rei no thing (or matter.) g. Consul ostendit nihil spei doth the Consul shew no hope (put in no hope?) l. Tota plaustra all the whole (or euery whit of) the Waines (or Chariets,) totas naves euery whit of the ships; sed nihil but nothing praeterea besides. g. Misit ni­hil adhuc hath he sent nothing as yet? l. Promísit quidem largìter in­déede he hath promised largely, sed but misit he hath sent ne obòlum quidem not an halfe penny indéede. Promittit quidem hee promiseth indéede multa many things verbis with words, sed but praestat he per­formeth nihil nothing re in the deede. g. Ergò therefore anìmus the minde est is alendus to be fed spe with hope. l. Sed but venter the bel­ly non saginátur is not fatted hac herewith. g. Autem but ideò for that cause eras thou was expeditior the morelight (or readier) ad iter for the iourney, quòd because esset there was nihil onèris no burden in zona in purse. l. Fateor I confesse, atque etiam and also tutior the safer. Enim for sunt there are nulla arma no weapons certióra suerer adversùs latrónes against robbers by the high way. Sed ego malim but I can be more williug of et both onus the burthen et and pericùlum the danger. [Page 39] g. Nihilne whether nothing ademptum est hath beene taken away tibi from thee in via in the way? l. Mihíne what from me? Quaeso I pray quid cripias what caust thou take away nudo from a naked one? Erat there was alijs to others citìus sooner (more likely) pericùlum danger à me by (or from) me. Licuit it was lawfull mihi for me vacuo viatóri an empty traueller (I an empty traueller might) per totum iter through the whole iourney (all the way along) canère to fing et and osuríre to hunger. g. Quò autem but whither nunc abis departest thou now? l. Rectà straite, way domum home solutatúrus to salute vxórem wife et and parentes parents non visos not séene jam diu a great while. g. Precor I pray vt that illie there offendas you may finde omnia all things laeta pleasant (or luckie.) l. Vtìnam would that Deus God ve­lit be willing ita so. Extìtit hath there béene (or happened) nihil novi no newes nostrae domi at our house intèrim in the meane time? g. Ni­hil none (or nothing) nisi unlesse quòd that reperies thou shalt finde familiam the family auctam encreased, nam for tua gallína thy Hen pe­pèrit hath laid tibi for thée pulchrum ovum a faire (or goodly) egge. l. Nuncias thou shewest tydings benè well. Pro hoc nuncio for this newes do I giue tibi to thée munus a gift (or present) videlicet to wit, novum Testamentum the new Testament eleganter finely excústim im­printed Lutetiae at Paris recèns lately. g. Itame Deus amet so God loue (helpe) me, pulchrum evangelium it is a faire Gospell. Hoc munus this gift est is longè gratissìmum farre most acceptable mihi to mee. Dispiciam I will consider in minde (or looke about diligently) vnde by what meanes possim I may be able pensare to recompence hoc do­num this gift. l. Puta thinke te that thee pensasse hast recompenced abundè abundantly (or enough) si i. boni consuluèris thou wilt take in good worth. Alius another. g. Ne whether adfers bringest thou nihil nothing novárum rerum of new matters ex Patria from one Country? Portas bearest (or bringest thou) nihil novi no newes à nostris from ours? Quaenam nova what new things nuncias tellest thou? l. Per­multá nova very many new matters at nihil veri but nothing true. Ad­fèro I bring tantum mendaciórum so great lies, quantum as vix scarce vna navis one ship vehat can carie. g. Igìtur then exonèra te vnburden thy selfe quamprímum as soone as can be possiblely, ne least that suc­cumbas thou fall vnder tanto onèri so great a burden. l. nihil habeo I haue nothing praeter ea besides those things. quae which jactantur are spoken of in Tonstrínis in Barbers shops, in vehicùlis in wagens, et in [Page 40] navibus and in ships. g. Quid what, no whether est is nostra patria out countrey immúnis free à pestilèntia from the pestilence? l. Non omní­no not altogether, sed but non est it is not perpetua continuall (with­out intermission:) aliquando sometimes remittit it slacketh sese it selfe, deinde afterwards recrudescit it waxeth grieuous againe. g. Nonne erat was there not satis malórum enough of euils, vbi when bellum warre grassatur assaileth (or commeth on with violent rage?) l. Erat quidem there was indéede, nisi vnlesse alìter otherwise visum est it had seemed good Deo to God. g. Oportet there must needes esse be caritá­tem a scarsity annónae of victuall istic there. l. Est there is inopia a scar­sity omnium rerum. of all things illic there praeterquam except scelera­tórum militum of mischieuous souldiers. g. Vbi where milìtes souldi­ers dominantur doe bearesway, ibi there parcunt they spare nec neither sacris templis the sacred temples nec nor ipsis Musis the Muses them­selues. l. Rectè igitur rightly therefore et sapienter and wisely Xenò­phon inquit Xenophon saith: pax peace vidétur séemeth hominìbus to men esse to be magnum bonum a great good, bellum verò but warre magnum malum a great euill. Sed but non morábor te I will not cause thee to tarry diutiùs any longer. Aliàs at another time colloquémur we will conferre pluribus with more words, cum when erit it shall be commòdum commodious vtríque for both. Nunc nom quaedam ne­gotia certaine businesses vocant me call me aliò to another place. Alius dialògus another dialogue. g. Audio I heare te that thou nuper lately revisisse returnedt [...] to see Patriam thy Country l. Revísi I went againe to see. Enim for non vidèram I had not seene meos parentes my pa­rents diu a good while. Non potèram Im as not able diutiùs ferre any longer to abide desiderium the lacke (or absence) Patriae of Countrey et amicórum and of friends. g. Fecisti piè thou hast done godlily, hu­mánus es thou art humane (or friendly) qui which cogitas thinkest on ista these things. Omnes enim for all we ducimur are led quodam ad­mirabili amore with a certaine wonderfull loue ejus regionis of that re­gion, quae which aluit hath nourished (or bred) et edìdit and hath brought forth nos vs. Sed dic quaeso but tell I pray quonam in loco in what state illic there offendisti foundest thou omnia all things? l. Vni­versa vniuersall things nova new: omnia all things mutáta changed. Vidébar mihi I seemed to my selfe (me thought) venire to come in ali­um mundum into another world. Vixdum abfuèram I had scarcely beene absent decennium the space of tenne yeares, mirábar I wondred [Page 41] at omnia all things non secus no otherwise, quàm than Epimenìdes princeps somniat órum Epimenides the chiefe of dreamers, vix scarce tandem when all came to all expergefactus wakened out of sleepe. g. Quaenam est ista fabùla what is that tale? l. Dicam quìdem I will tell it indeede, si vacat if there be leasure audíre to heare. g. Nihil no­thing fuèrit shall be jucundius more pleasant (or acceptable.) l. Igìtur then jube commaund sellam that a stoole cum pulvíno with a cushion poni be set mihi for me. g. Rectè admònes thou doest well put in mind, nam for sedens sitting mentiéris thou wilt lye commodiùs the more handsomly. l. Historìci the historians fabulantur doo fable de Epime­nìde concerning Epimenides quodam one (or a certaine man) Cretensi of Crete, qui which gratiâ for the cause deambulandi of walking a­broad folus alone egressus vrbem passed forth of (or passed beyond) the Citie, cùm when as subìta vi through a suddaine violence pluviae of raine: compellente constraining ingressus hauing entred in quandam speluncam into a certaine Caue obdormisset had fallen fast a sleepe, continuárit he continued somuum the sleepe quadraginta septem perpe­tuos annos forty seauen whole yeares. g. Sed benè actum est but it was well brought to passe cum Epimenìde with Epimentdes qui which tandem at the last redijt returned ad se vnto himselfe. Multi docti many learned men nunquam expergiscuntur neuer awake à suis somnijs from their dreames. Sed facis but thou doest vt est dignum as is beseeming Poéta a Peet. Perge igìtur goe forward then mentiri to lye. l. Epimenides igìtur Epimenides then solútus somno loosed from sleepe (broad awaked) prodit commeth forth èsspelurica out of the Caue, circumspìcit looketh round about, videt omnia mutáta seeth all things changed, Sylvas Woods, ripas bankes, slumìna riuers, arbòres trees, agros fields, brevìter briefly, nihil nothing non novum not new (euery thing new.) Accédit hee commeth ad Vrbem vnto the Citie, percontatur he asketh questions, manet he abideth illic there aliquandiu a certaine while, neque neither novit knew quenquam any man, ne­que nor agnìtus est was knowne (or acknowledged) à quoquam by any one. Cultus the attire homìnum of men alius was of another sort, nec neither vultus the countenance idem the same, sermo the speach mutátus changed, mores the manners diversi diuers. Neque neither miror doe I wonder hoc that this thing evenisse happened Epimenide to Epimenides post tantórum annórum after so many yeares, cùm whereas idem the same thing propemòdum in a manner evenèrit hap­pened [Page 42] Epimenìdi to Epimenides post tantum annorum after so many yeares. g. Quid what (what say you of) vterque parens both parents (both father and mother) vivuntne whether are they liuing? l. ambo both vivunt do liue, & and valent do hold out (or are heart-whole, or are of abilitie,) vteunque howsoeuer confecti weakened (or féeble) senio through old age, morbo disease denìque and in conclusion calamitáte through the calamitie bellórum of warres. g. Haec est comoedia this is the comedy humánae vitae of mans life. Humánae res humane mat­ters sunt are tales such vt that nihil nothing duret doth endure (or con­tinue) in eódem statu in the same state (the matters of mankinde are after such a manner, as that nothing can continue in one stay.) De inssituenda ratióne of disposing the maner studiórum of studies re­ctè rightly. Discipùlus the scholler & and praeceptor the maister. d. Mi charissime praeceptor my most deare maister cupio I desire audìre to heare ex te of thee breuìter briefly, quae ratio what manner (or way) studórum of studies sit may be (or is) instituenda to be appointed rectè rightly, si if modò so that ocium leasure est be tibi to you, & tempus and time commòdum conuenient his rebus for these matters. p. Ado­lescens O youth, tu quidem thou indéed captasti tempus hast watched a time commòdum conuenient. Deinde moreouer illud tuum liberále & honestum desiderium that thy free and honest desire libenter gladly anteferrem I should set more by vel euen meis maxìmis occupationì­bus than my greatest employments. Quare wherefore praefatione pre­facing omissa being omitted, vt that & both meliùs cognoscam I may better know tuum ingenium thy nature (or wit,) & magis probem ti­bi and may more proue to thée meam beneuolentiam my good will erga te towards thée, simplicìter plainly interròga aske me mée de rebus con­cerning things singùlis euery one by it selfe (or in particular concer­ning euery thing one after another) quas which cupis thou desirest scire to know. d. Facis thou doest piè godlily & honestè honestly, cla­rissime praeceptor. O most renowned maister, quòd because non grauá­ris you are not loath crudíre to instruct me mée beneuòlè fauerably de his tantis rebus concerning these so great matters. Itàque therefore primùm first cupio I desire scire to know ex te of you quisnam praeci­puus sit finis what is the chiefe end nostrórum studiórum of our studies, ad quem vnto the which, velut ad scopum as it were vnto a marke (or butte) omnes nostri labóres all our labours discendi of learning debe­ant onght referri to be referred. p. Tu quidem thou indéed rectè ordí­ris [Page 43] doest tightly begin ab hac questióne from this question. Intellecto enim scopo for the marke being vnderstood et meta and the goale, ad quam tendìmus vnto which we make toward, poterìmus elìgère wée shall be able to choose facilitìs more easily etiam also media the meanes ducentia leading rectà straite way ad istam metam vnto that goale (or butte.) Autem but sunt there are duae propriae et praecipuae dotes ho­mìnis two proper and chiefe gifts of man, quibus by which antecellit he excelleth relìquo genèri the other kinde animantium of liuing crea­tures, ratio reason et and oratio speach. His by these excultis garnish­ed studiósè studiously et and rectè rightly, homìnes men praestant doe excell non solùm not only caetèris animalìbus other liuing creatures, verùm but inter se among themselues alii some praestant doe excell aliis hominìbus other men. Igìtur therefore studia the studies literárum of learning sunt are dirigenda to be directed ad hosce duos fines vnto these two ends proxìmos next et immediátos and immediate, vt that exco­lámus we may adorne ratiónem reason sapientia by (or with) wise­dome, seu or cognitióne by the knowledge Dei of God, natúrae of na­ture, legum of lawes, et virtúte and by vertue: et and comparémus may get nobis to our selues facultátem the facultie oratiónis of speach explicantis expressing (or declaring) bonas res good things (or mat­ters) purè ac perspicuè purely and plainely. d. Extant ne whether are hi duo fines these two ends nostrórum studiórum of our studies de­scripti set downe (or described) apud authóres among others brevio­rìbus verbis in shorter words? p. Maxìmè yes truly. Perìcles enim for Pericles apud Thucydidem in Thucydides brevìter briefly et ro­tundè and handsomely (or compactly) nomìnat expresseth; Scire to know quae what thiugs oportet it behooueth scire to know, et & posse to be able elòqui to vtter aptly ca those things: Luciánus autem but Lucian àppellat calleth (or nameth) them, cognitiónem the knowledge terum of things, et and facultátem the faculty explicandi of declaring (or expounding) eas them disertè eloquently (or elegantly, id est that is, sapientiam wisedome et and eloquentiam eloquence. d. Quid autem but what vocas doe you call sapientiam wisedome? p. Sapientiam wis­dome, vt as sacrae litèrae the sacred Scriptures loquuntur doe speake, nominámus we terme veram notitiam the true knowledge Dei of God, et and aliárum bonárum terum of other good things, coniunctam ioy­ned cum vera pietáte with true deuotion erga Deum towards God; stultitiam verò but folly, ignoratiónem the not knowing, (or the lacke [Page 44] of knowledge) Dei of God, et and inobedientiam disobedience erga Deum towards God. d. Quid autem est eloquentia but what is eloquence? p. Plato definit Plato doth define eloqùentiam eloquence gravissìmè most substantially, posse to bée able (au abilitie) dicère to speake grata things acceptable Deo to God. Nam for ad hunc vltìmum finem vnto this last and omnes homines all men debent referre ought to referre omnes suas actiónes all their acti­ons, vt that Deus condìtor God the Creatour agnoscátur may be ac­knowledged et colátur and worshipped à nobis of vs rectè rightly. 1 Cor. 10. Facìte omnia doe yée all things ad gloriam Dei to the glory of God. Quapropter wherefore et both in nostris studiis in our studies, et and in actionibus in the actions totíus vitae of the whole life; sempet alwaies haec vtilissima regula this most profitable rule debet esse ought to be in conspectu in sight. Fac make Deum God exordium the begin­ning et finem and the end terum of things. Sit igìtur let there­fore be, finìs the end nostrórum studiorum of our studies, sapiens et e­loquens piètas wise and eloquent godlinesse, D. Dic quaeso tell I pray, ex quibus doctrinis out of what doctrines illa sapientia that wisedome et eloquentia and eloquence potissimum most chiefly sit is petenda to be fetcht. P. Sapientia with wisdome seu rectò judicio or a right iudge­ment de rebus concerning matters dignissìmis most worthy cognitió­ne of knowledge, mentem homìnis the minde of man instrount there de instruct theologia diuinitie, et philosophia and philosophie, qua wherby (or wherein) complectìmur we comprehend, scientiam the knowledge legum of laws seu or praeceptótum of precepts de morìbus concerning manners, historias (and) histories, quae exempla legum suppedìtant which finde (or minister sufficiently) the examples of lawes, cog­nitiónem naturalium terum (and) the knowledge of naturall things, et mathemàta and the learnings by demonstration (or the mathemati­call artes.) D. Ad intelligendam Oratiónem to vnderstand the speach aliórum of others, et and ad formandam nostram rectè to frame ours rightly quid praecipuè requirìtur what chiefly is required? P. Artes dicendi the arts of speaking, inprímis especially grammatìcae the grammars linguae Latínae of the Latine tongue, et Graecae and of the Gréeke, et Ebraeae and of the Hebrow, docent doe teach intelligère rectè rightly to vnderstand oratiónem the speach in sacris et prophánis scríptis in holy and prophane writings sapientium et eloquentium au­thórum [Page 45] of wise and eloquent authors. Quarum linguárum monu­mentis in the monuments of which languages cùm séeing that praeci­puae artes et historiae the chiefe acts and histories contìneantur are con­tained, cognitio the knowledge eárum of them est is velut as it were janna a gate et elavis and a key qua whereby aditus an entrance aperí­tur is opened ad scientiam vnto the knowledge doctrinárum of lear­nings. Verò but ad formandam nostram oratiónem rectè to frame our owne speach rightly, praeter artes dicendi besides the arts of speaking, idonea natúra a fit nature, et lectio & the reading atque imitatio & also the imitating eloquentium scriptórum of eloquent writers, et assidua exercitatio and the continual exercise dicendi of speaking acscribendi & of writing inprímis est necessaria is aboue other (principally) necessary. D. Cùm autem but wheras praecepta artium dicendi the precepts of the arts of speaking non sint finis are not the end nostrórum studiórum of our studies, sed but instrumenta instruments tantummòdo only, quibus whereof in illis summis artìbus in those greatest arts, quae which con­tinent doe containe fontes the fountaines sapientiae of wisedame et elo­quentiae and of eloquence, et gubernant and doe gouerne actuentur and maintaine humanám vitam mans life, est nobis opus there is to vs néed (we haue néed) vt memìni as I remember te disserère that you did discourse inter docendum at (or betweene) teaching, cupio scire ex te I desire to know of you, quantum tempòris how much time sit tribuen­dum is to be bestowed istis artìbus on those arts? P. Adolescens O lad, mones me thou puttest me in minde rectè well. Non enim for not tota aetas the whole age debet assúmi ought to be taken vp in comparando instrumento in getting the instrument (or meanes) dialecticae of lo­gicke et Rhetorìcae and of Rhetoricke? Sed praeceptis cognìtis but the precepts being knowne necessariis necessary ad judicandum et dicen­dum rectè to iudge and speake rightly de rebus of matters (quae which possunt may facilè easily percìpi be perceiued et cognosci and knowne intra vnum annum within one yéere, si fidélis monstrátor if a faithfull shewer contingat chance studióso adolescenti to a studious youth) sta­tim forthwith progrediendum est it is to be proceeded (one muit goe forward) ad summas vnto the chiefe points artium of the arts, quae con­tìuent which do contain doctrínam the knowledge (or doctrine) terum of things (or matters,) et and exercitatio the exercise praeceptórum of the precepts adjungenda is to be adioyned. d. Ergo therefore vt as in caetèris artibus mechanicis in other mechanicall arts, ita so in studiis in [Page 46] the itudies doctrinarum of learnings, judicas thou iudgest esse it to be vsum solum vse alone (or only) qui faciat which can make artifìces eunning workmen? P. Maximè yea truly, praesertim especially si if natura idonea a fitte nature, si if magister a master boni judicii of a good iudgement, seu or gubernator a guider (or directer) exercitatiónis of the exercise vsu perítus by experience skilfull et fidélis and faithfull accédat be added to. D. Constitúto igitur fine studiórum the end then of studies being constituted, quem which dixisti you said esse to bée sapientem et eloquentem pietatem wise and eloquent godlinesse, quid porrò agendum est u hat further is to be done? P. primùm first of all ordine certo in a certaine (or true) order, quem fidus et vsu petitus praeceptor monstrábit which a faithfull and by experience a skilfull teacher shall shew, attes the arts necessariae necessary vitae for life di­scendae are to belearned, et velut and as it were per gradus by the de­grées scalárum of ladders transeundum est it is to be passed (procéeded) ab inferioribus from the lower ad [...]uperiéres vnto the higher. D. For­tasse peraduenturs eo consilio for that intent fapiens antiquitas wise antiquity instituit appointed gradus degrées in scholis in schooles, et dis­tinxit and distincted (or distributed) artes ipsas the artes themselues, vt that videlìcet to wit singùlos euery one seuerally velut in classes at it were into formes suo loco in its owne (or proper) place distribùtas diuided, ordìne et tempòre conveniente in a conuenient order and time juvenílis aetas young age facilius et rectiùs more easily and more right­ly possit percipère may (or might) learne (or comprehend.) P. Rectè sentis thou thinkest rightly (thou art of a right opinion) nam impos­sibile est for it is impossible, vt quis that any one faciat can doe multa many things simul together et eàdem and the same rectè well, vt as Xenòphon dixit Xenophon said verissimè most truly. Et lex Platònis and the law of Plato est sapientissima is most wise, quae which jubet diddeth vnumquēque civem euery Citizen discère et profitéri to learne & professe vnam artem one art tantummòdo only. Quare wherfore quam­cunque artem what art soeuer adolescentes youths de consilio praecep­tóris by the masters counsell instituent discère shall begin to learne; Cognoscant eam let them know it initio in the beginning ex vnico li­bello out of one alone little booke tantiùm only, qui which erudíta me­thòdo with a learned methode explicet may vnfold sumniam artis the summe of the art distribútam diuided in certos locos into certaine (or set) places: Nec neither interea in the meane while sumant in manus [Page 47] let them take into hands alios libellos other little bookes ejusdem argu­menti of the sapre argument, priusquam before that edidicèrist illum they haue learned it without booke. D. Quae what things asseruisti you haue affirmed de summis artium concerning the summes of arts discendis to be learned tantùm only ex vnìco libello out of one alone lit­tle booke conscripto written methòdìce methodically, (or, what things concerning learning the summes. &c.) Omnia illa all those things probantur mihi are approued of me, Nunc portô now further cupio au­díre ex te I desire to heare of you, quid sit agendum mihi praecipuè what is to be done of mée chiefly in lectióne bonórum authórum in reading of good authors. P. In lectióne authórum in reading of au­thors (vt nihil dicam that I say nothing, de diligenti auscultatióne of diligent hearkening et priváta repetitióne and priuate repeating, quae nullo modo est negligenda which by no meanes is to be neglected) vtil­simum est it is most profitable, habére to haue commúnes locos the commune places distribútos diuided certo ordìne in a certaine order, ad quos vnto which omnia insignia all notable (or remarkable) things et digna cognitióne and worthy of knowledge, quae occurrunt which occurre in lectióne authórum in reading of authors, annotentur may be noted (or registred) et digerantur and may be digested velut in cer­tas classes as it were into certaine rankes. D. Sed huic admonltióni but to this aduertisement de colligèndis communìbus locis concerning gathering common places in certum librum into a certaine booke di­ctum platónis the saying of Plato in Phaedro in Pheadrus vidétur refragári seemeth to be against, quod monet which aduertiseth, litèras et scripta that letters and writings adferre doe bring (or afford or pro­cure) magis rather occasiónem occasion oblivióni et desidiae to forget­fulnes and sloathfulnesse, quàm than praesidium helpe (or furthe­rance) memoriae to memory et and doctrínae to learning. Memìni e­tiam I also remember te vsurpáre that you vse hanc sententiam this sentence crebris sermònìbus in often speaches: Vnusquisque existìmet let euery one account se scire tantum that he know so much, non quan­rum not as adservat scriptum he kéepeth written in libris in bookes; sed but quantum as (or how much) tenet he holdeth memoria in me­mory fidelìter faithfully, et and habet promptum ready, vbi when as res matter ac vsus and vse postùlat requireth. P. Vera quidem sunt they are true things indéed, quae dicis which thou sayést: sed tamen but notwithstanding habeo I haue quod respondeam what I can an­swer. [Page 48] Etsi although illa those things quae which quis any one cupit desireth meminisse to remember et scire and to know, debet inscribère he ought to write in non chart is not papers, sed anìmo but the minee; tamen notwithstanding hi indìces these inderes (or summaries) et the­saúri and treasures locorum of places, plùrimùm prosunt doe very much profit, ad recordationem vnto remembrance eórum of those things, quae antea legìmus which wée haue read afore, aut didicìmus or haue learned, et velot instructum penu sunt and are as it were a fur­nished store (or prouision) ex quo whereout studiósi adolescentes stu­dious youths possunt depromère may fetch forth copiam plenty optimarum rerum of the best things, sententiárum sentences, similitu­dinum similitudes, historiárum histories, et alia and other things hu­jus genèris of this kind cùm dicendum aut scribendum est when as it is to be spoken or written de alìqua re of any matter. D. Quid igìtur de memoria sciendum est what then is to be knowne concerning memo­ry, qùam Plutarchus nomìnat which Plutarch nameth promptuarium eruditiónis the storehouse of learning? P. Praecipuus custos the chiefe kéeper et thesaúrus and treasure eruditiónis of learning est is memoria memory, cui excolendae for adorning the which, et formandae and ma­king into fashion assiduo labóre ediscendi by the daily labour of lear­ning by heart singùli studiósi euery student debébunt shall be bound tribu ère certum tempus to bellow a certaine time singùlis diébus in e­uery day. D. De arte autem memoriae but concerning the art of me­mory, de qua wherof audio I heare Simonìdē Chium that Simonides of Chios (or Caeos) et postea nonnullos alios and afterward some others tradidisse haue deliuered quaedam certa praecepta certaine sure precepts, quid dicis what say you? P. Etsi although constat it is ma­nifest memoriam iuvári diaetâ that the memory is holpen by diet, et bona valetudìne and good health et loco silenti and by a silent place, et matutíno tempòre and by the morning time, et certis notis and by cer­taine notes (set markes:) tamen yet notwithstanding ars memoriae the art of memory omnium optìma et certissìma est is the best and surest of all, ediscère to conne without booke multa many things assi­duè daily (or continually,) et saepe repetère and often to repent man­dáta memoriae things committed to memory, ac ad vsum transferre and to turne vnto vse. Si enim for if discentes learners neglìgènt will neglect (or haue little regard to) memoriam memory, et sinent and will suffer (it) enervári to be weakened otio through idlenesse desidia [Page 49] slouthfulnesse, torpóre drousinesse, aut deliciis delights, labor discendi the labour of learning erit will bée non mimìs inánis not lesse vaine et supervacáneus and superfluous, quàm si than if interea in the meane time scribèrent they did write in aqua in water, aut or mandárent did commit semìna séeds arénae to sand (did sow in the sand.) quare wher­fore statuas thinke thou for a suretie vnam that one ex praecipuis et maximè necessariis partìbus studiórum of the chiefe and most necessary parts of studies esse is, frequentem et assiduam exercitatiónem memo­riae the frequent and continuall exercise of thè memory, et labórem e­discendi multa and the labour of learning by heart many things. Post cultúram memoriae after the due ordering of the memory, quam which dixi I said potissìmum most specially esse is custódem the kéeper (or esse potissìmum custódem is the principall kéeper) cognitiónis of the knowledge rerum of things, seu or sapientiae of wisedome, praecipuum the chiefe et maxìmè necessarium instrumentum and most necessary meane (or helpe) verae et solidae eruditiónis of true and sound lear­nig, est is dilìgens et assidua exercitatio styli the diligent and daily ex­ercise of style (or writing) directa framed ad imitatiónem ac formam eórum according to the imitation and forme of them, qui locúti sunt which haue spoken prudenter wisely, et perspicuè and plainely, et ele­ganter and elegantly. Vt igitur Apelles as therefore Apelles, quoties as often as fecisset he had made (or done, or might had done) nullum opus suae artis no worke of his art, velut as it were deplórans bewai­ling jactúram the losse diéi of a day: solébat dicère he was wont to say: nullam bodielineam duxi I haue drawne no line to day: ita so studiósi adolescentes sinant let (or may) studious youths suffer nullam diem elábi no day to passe (or slip away.) in que wherein non connectant they doe not compose vel epistòlam either an Epistle, vel partem ora­tionis or part of an oration, vel versus alìquot or some verses. Ad hanc exercitatiónem styli vnto this exercise of style (or penning,) si if ac­cessèrint there shall be added vtilissìma instrumenta the most profitable meanes parandae et confirmandae doctrínae of getting and confirming (or making sure) learning, videlìcet to wit repetitiónes repetitions, et examìna diligent examinations (parsings,) item also disputatiónes disputations, et declamatiónes scholastìcae and scholasticall declamati­ons, non dubium est there is no doubt, quin but Deo fortunante nostros labóres God prospering our labours, facultas the ability judicandi of iudging (or vnderstanding) et dicendi and of speaking, ac scribendi [Page 50] and of writing rectè rightly, quam initio hujus nostri sermónis which in begìnning of this our speach dixìmus esse finem nostrórum studió­rum we said was (or is) the end of our studies, sit secutúra will fol­low. ex omnìbus autem but out of all the things, quae dicta sunt which are said (or haue béene spoken) facile vides thou easily séest, quòd dilìgens scholasticus non sit that he is not a diligent scholler, qui vagá­tur which wandreth in studiis in studies sine certa ratióne et ordìne without certaine reason and order, qui audit omnes lectiònes in schola quotidie sine judicio which heareth all lessons (or lectures) in schoole daily without iudgement, omnia dictáta excìpit beareth away all dic­tates (declarations tobe written, or inditures) et coacervat heapeth vp togither prolixas rapsodias long (or large) rapsodies (or compo­sures of verses,) vel quotidie perlègit or daily readeth through mag­num numèrum paginárum a great number of pages, et grassátur and procéedeth (or goeth on rouing) per multos ac varìos authóres through many and sundry authors. Sed qui primùm but hée which first of all prudenter prospìcit prudently foreséeth (or looketh vnto) finem et me­tam the end and the goale, ad quam studia sint dirigenda whereunto studies are to be directed: deinde after that rectè elìgit media rightly chooseth the meanes, necessaria ad assequendum illum finem necessarie to attaine that end; postea afterward in parandis ac tenendis illis me­diis in getting and kéeping (or preseruing) those meanes praestat in­tentiònem anìmi performeth (or maketh) a straining of the minde, curam care, vigilantiam watchfulnesse, assiduitatem continuall dui­gence, et labórem and labour. Sed de his quidem but about these mat­ters indéed hactènus this farre (or so much.) Ego I quae what things de ratióne discendi concerning the way of learning, et studiis rectè in­stituendis and rightly framing studies, partim partly memìni haue re­membred esse to be tradìta deliuered à doctissìmis viris by most learned men, partim partly babui haue had cognìta knowne propria experien­tia by mine owne experience, et assiduo vsu and by the continuall vse discendi of learning (or obseruing) impertívi I haue imparted ea those things tibi to thee libenter gladly et fidelìter and faithfully, quae vt sint tibi magno vsui the which that they may be (or that the which may be) to thée great profit (or fruìt) precor deum toto pectóre I pray God with my whole heart. d. Quae tu what things you, prae­stantissìme praeceptor most excellent master, de fine nostrórum studió­rum of the end of our studies, de certo ordìne discendi of the certaine [Page 51] order of learning, de dìscendis summis artium concerning learning the summes of arts ex vno alìquo libello methodìcè scripto out of some one little booke written methodically; de colligendis locis communibus concerning gathering common places: de excolenda memoria of pra­ctising (or polishiug) the memory: de exercitatióne styli of exercising of the style (or manner of penning:) de repetitionìbus et examinìbus of repetitions and parsings (or examinations:) Item like wise de di­sputationìbus et declamationìbus scholastìcis of scholasticall disputings & delaimings disseruisti prudenter et gravìter you haue declared (or dis­coursed) wisely and weightily, audívi haec cum tanta voluptáte I haue heard these things with so great pleasure, vt sperem that I hope illa fore vtilissìma that they shall be most profitable non sohìn, mihi not only to mée, sed et plurìbus aliis but to others more, cum quibus decrévi com­municáre ipsa with whom I haue decréed to communicate them. Cùm autem sciam but whereas I know, parem honórem et pretium equina­lent (or méet) honour and reward non posse referri rendred (or giuen) à nobis by vs, praeceptoribus to masters, qui impertiunt nobis which impart vnto vs veram sapientiam true wisdome, oro toto pectòre I be­séech with whole heart deum fontem omnis boni et salutáris doctrínae God the fountaine of all good and of wholesome (or sauing) doctrine, vt rependat tibi gratiam cumulátè that he recompence (or grant) fa­uour to you aboundantly pro tuis amplissìmis beneficiis for your very great benefits in me vnto mée, et labóres nostros gubemet et adjùvet and gouerne (or direct) and further our labours, et nos omnes doceat et regat and teach and rule vs all, vt discámus et doceámus that wee may learne and teach grata Christo acceptable things to Christ, et sa­lutaria ecclesiae ipsius ac nobis and sauing for his Church and our selues. Amen. Finis colloquiórum an end of the dialogues (or con­ferences.) In oratiónem clarissìmi viri. d. Iohannis Posselii, on the o­ration of the most famous man, master Iohn Posselius epigramma an Epigramme (or superscription.) Maxìma pars the greatest part homìnum of men non cernit perceiueth not quomòdo vivat how it may liue; homo a man primùm first discit learneth vivère to liue, cùm vixit when he hath liued. Maxima pars juvènum the greatest part of young men non cernit séeth not quomòdo discat how it may learne: discit discère he learneth to learne, vbi negat when as he denieth se didicisse that he hath learned. Sit lex divína let Gods law be nobis to vs regù­la the rule piae vitae of a godly life; sit ordo bonus let good order bee [Page 52] regùla the rule discendi ritè of learning well (or euen as it should be.) Quem which haec oratio this oration pingens describing perspicuis sig­nis with euident tokens (or demonstrations) est digna auro is worthy gold, digna Cedro worthy of Cedar (or immortalitie) probanda scholis to be approoued of schooles. Iohannes Frederus D. Iohn Freder doctor. De ratióne concerning the way (or feate) discendae ac docendae linguae latínae ac graecae of learning and teaching the latine and gréeke tongue, oratio Iohannis Possellij an oration of Iohn Possellius. Cum when as multa sunt inventa atque institúta many things haue been found out and instituted sapienter wisely à majoribus nostris by our ancestours, tum then nihil praeclarius nothing more excellent (was inuented and ordained) quàm than quòd than in hisce publìcis congressìbus! in these publicke assemblies, voluérunt they would non solùm not onely idone­is hominìbus by méete men honesta testimonia that honest testimonies vitae ac eruditiónis of life and learning tribui be giuen (or shewed,) sed etiam but also oratiónes that orations habèri vs had (or made) de bo­nis rebus concerning good things, quibus audítis which being heard, juv ènes yong men partim rectè erudirentur partly might be truly in­structed de suscipienda & ingredienda ratióne studiórum of vnderta­king and entring into the way of studies; partim excitarentur partly might be stirred vp ad amórem literárum & virtútis vnto the loue of learning and virtue, partim exacuerentur partly might be whetted on (or encouraged forward) currentes sponte running on (or procéeding) willingly. Non enim for (or truly) not ad ostentatiónem eloquentìae aut doctrínae for ostentation of eloquence or learning recitamus wee re­cite (or openly reade or publish) nostras oratiónes our orations: Sed vt imperátor bonus et industrins but as a good and industrious commander (or generall) instructa acie ín an army set in aray (ready to fight,) dat giueth tyroníbus to young souldiers quaedam certa prae­cepta pugnandi certaine sure precepts of fighting, dedúcit he diswadeth á timóre from feare perterritos the sore afraid ones, et hottátur and ex­horteth parátos ac fortes milìtes the ready furnished and valiant soul­diers ad pugnandum strenuè to fight stoutly: ita nos solémus so we are wont in hisce conuentìbus in these assemblies et imperitióres docére both to teach the vnskilful ones et languentes excitáre and to encourage the languishing (or slouthfull) ones, & inflammáre ad verum decus and to incense vnto true honour parátos the ready ones ac ingressos pleno gradu and hauing (or such as haue) made entrance with a great pace [Page 53] (or full stride.) Hi fines cùm nobis in dicendo propositi sint whereas these ends are proposed of vs in speaking, non dubium est there is no doubt, quin omnes sapientes viri but all wise men, cùm multos alios ve­tères et honestos mores both many other ancient and honest customes cum and also hos scholasticos gradus these schoole degrées et spectacùla promotiónum and spectacles of promotions, in quibus de ejusmòdi bo­nis rebus disserìmus wherein we discourse of good matters of this sort, magnifaciant do make high account of, colant do honour, et putent esse and account to be ornanda things to be adorned et conservanda and to be maintained. Cum autem but whereas hoc tempòre at this time ra­tio officij the consideration of dutie impónat mihi necessitátem impo­seth on me a necessitie dicendi of speaking, et encomia homìnum prae­stantium and the praises of excellent men, ac rerum omnium consensio­ne laudatárum and of things praised by the consent of all men, item al­so parainéseis admonitions et vtìles adhortatiónes and profitable exhor­tations ab alijs by others, qui eloquentia valent which are mightie in eloquence (or are of great eloquence) saepe hic recitátae sunt are here of­tentimes recited, breuìter indicáre decréui I haue decréed briefly to shew, qua ratióne by what way lingua latina et graeca the latine and gréeke tongue commòdè discenda et docenda sit is to be learned and taught conueniently (or profitably.) Hoc argumentum etsí oratórem plenum atque perfectum requírit, although this argument requireth a compleate and perfect oratour: tamen cùm non tam verba et actio di­centis, quám res, quae dicuntur, spectandae sint, yet notwithstanding whereas not so much the words and action of the speaker, as the things, which are said, are to be considered, dicam de hac materia illa I will say of this matter (or argument) those things, quae partìm ipse longo vsu, which partly I myselfe by long vse (or practise) partima­liórum prudentium hominum judicio ac testimoniò edoctus partly taught by the iudgement and testimony of other prudent men, judi­cábo vera esse shall iudge to be true, et cum ce ipsa congruère and to a­grée with the matter it selfe. Ac á vobis, clarissimi viriet studiósi iuvè­nes, amanter peto, and of you O most famous men, and studious youths (or yong men) I craue louingly (or as a friend) vt me benig­nè attentéque audiátis that you heare me gently (or fauourably) and attentiuely, quod vestra sponte facìtis which ye doe of your owne ac­cord. Perficiam enim, deo juvante, for I will performe, God helping, vt fateamini me dixisse non omnino ineptè aut perpèram that ye may [Page 54] confesse that I haue spoken not altogether from the purpose or amisse, de re tam vtilì et necessaria of a matter so profitable and necessarie. Primùm autem vidétur mihi but first of all, it séemeth to me (that it is to be spoken) de tempóre concerning the time, quo puèri in scholas lat tínas ducendi, wherein youths are to brought into latine schooles, e­qui labóres ipsis imponendi sint and what labours (taskes) are to bée imposed on them. Deinde de exercitijs scribendi after that of the exer­cises of writing, et ratióne emendandi scripta, and the way (or reason) to amend writings. Postea afterward quando graeca debeant propóni when gréeke matters ought to be propounded, et quo ordìne & modo illa tradi and in what order and manner (these ought) to be deliuered. Postrémò de exercitijs grae cis esse dicendum [...]ast of all that is to be spo­ken concerning gréeke exercises. Puèri litèris adhibendi sunt boies are to be set to learning anno aetatis sex to vel septìmo in the sixth or seuenth yeare of age, si omníno fièri potest if at all it can be done, tunc enim in­genia for then wits non planè stupida & tarda not vtterly (or quite & cleane) dull and slow (or hard) ad percipiend [...]m doctrínam idonea sunt are fit to receiue (or conceiue) learning. Et simùlac latína legère nouérunt and as soone as they know to reade latine (or latine wri­tings,) proponendae sunt illis octo partes oratiónis there are to be pro­pounded to them the eight parts of spéech ex puerili alìquo líbello compendiósè scripto out of some puerile (or belonging or fit for youth) little booke compendiously written, & assuefiant ad ediscenda paradig­màta declinatiónum & conjugatiónum and let them be accustomed to learne by heart the patternes of the declensions and coniugations, & vocabùla rerum ex compendio Hadriáni Iunij and the names (or terms) of thinge out of the abridgement (or short forme) of Hadrian Iunius aur simili libello or from the like little booke, cu [...]s germanìca versio cum puerórum idiomàte congruat whose dutch translation may agrée with the proper forme of spéech of the children. Quorsum enim at [...]net for to what purpose pertaineth it (tendeth it) puèros reddère verba non in­tellecta psittàci more that children do render words not vnderstood in Parrat wise (or after the manner of a Parrat,) & eos inutìli labóre o­neráre and to burthen them with an vnprofitable labour? his addátur Cato to these may be added Cato, & similia dicta sententiósa and the like sententious sayings, ex prouerbijs Salomonis & Syracìde out of the prouerbs of Solomon and out of the sonne of Syrach, propriè & latíne reddìtis rendred (or translated) properly and after the forme and fashion of latine hi enim duos authóres for these two authers, longè su­pèrant [Page 55] omnes gnomològo [...] scriptóres farre surpasse all sentence-vtte­ring writers & rerum bonitáte & figurárum venustáte both in the good­nesse of the things (or matters) and in the pleasant grace of figures, quae puèris propriè & perspicuè explicentur, which may be expounded to the children properly and plainely, & in cuius repetitióne singùlae voces examinentur, and in the repeating whereof all words particular­ly may be examined, vt puèri discant that children may learne, & par­tes oratiónis probè nouisse both well to know the parts of spéech, & ex­acte nomina & verba inflectère and exactly to decline nounes and verbs In his cùm annum vnum aut altèrum exercitàti sunt when as they are (or haue béene) exercised in these things one yeare or two, proponen­da est [...]is grammatìca latína the latine grammar is to be propounded (or expounded) to them, breuìter & neruósè summam artis contìnens briefly and pithily containing the summe (or chiefe) of the art, quae assiduè tractanda, inculcanda, & illustranda est which continually is to be handled, beaten into minde, and to be illustrated, exemplis ex pro­bátis authoribus desumptis by examples taken out of approued au­thors. Neque ìn his preceptis nimis diu magister ímmorabitur neither in these precepts a maister shall abide ouer long, vt quidem aliquando fit as also truly sometimes it is done, & ego memìni and I remember in quadam schola in a certaine schoole, grammat [...]cam ad finem perduc­tam esse that the grammar was brought to an end (or finished, or con­tinued,) integro quinquennio in a whole fiue yeares spa [...]e (or that the grammar was in teaching fiue whole yeares) cùm industrius praecep­tor possit absolvère cam facìlè sex mensium spacio whereas an industri­ous teacher can easily dispatch it in the space of sixe moneths. Neque propter alìquos hebètes & stupìdos neither by reason of some slow and dull ones, alij bonae indòlis puèri negligendi sunt other boyes of good towardnesse or aptnesse) are to be neglected. Saepe enim magistri vna & eádem opèra for oftentimes masters by one and the same labour, volentes inseruíre multis, ijsque diuersi progressus discipùlis willing to serue many schollers, and those of a diuers progresse, remorantur & impediunt alios bonos ingenio praedìtos do stay and hinder others in­dued with a good wit. His igitur qui jam superiorem classem ascendé­runt to these therefore which already haue come vpon (or are past) the former fourme, epistòlae Cicerónìs, & similia s [...]ripta pro­ponenda sunt the epistles of Cicero & the like writings are to be pro­posed. Vt autem puèri non nimis di [...] in discendis praeceptis grammatices [Page 56] detine [...]di sunt, but as youths are not to be detained ouer long in lear­ning the precepts of grammar: Sic damnanda & explodenda est illó­rum sententia so the opinion of them is to be condemned and to bee re­iected, qui dicunt liberalia ingenia lab [...]re ediscendi praecepta non one­randa that free wits (or courages) are not to be burthened with the labour of learning by the heart rules (or precepts,) sed linguam la­tinam lecti [...]ne bon [...]rum auth [...]rum tantum disc [...]ndam esse but that the latine tongue is onely to be learned by the reading of good authours. Etsi enim praecepta & regúlae grammaticae ad re [...]tè loquendum & scri­bendum non suffi [...]unt for although precepts and grammar rules doe not suffice vnto speaking and writing well: tamen propter maximas & necessarias causas, diligenter & accuratè disci debent yet for very great and necessary causes they ought to be learned diligently and exactly. Et quia his puèris and because vnto these boyes, quos secundae classis auditores nomìnò whom I terme schollers of the second fourme, au­thóres proponuntur authors are declared (or read) non tam causa sapi­enciae seu rerum not so much for the sake of wisedome or matters, quam oratiónis formandae as of forming (or bringing into fashion) the speech praeceptor op [...]ram dabit the master shall giue endeauour, vt singulari diligentia monstret puèris that with singular diligence he doe shew vn­to the boyes vim & significationem ac pondèra verborum the force and signification, & weightinesse of words, item similium seu synonymorum differentias likewise the differences of the like words or synonymaes (words of one signification) phrases the fashions of speaking, compo­sitiónem the composing together, & similem effi [...]gendae oratiónis ratió­nem and the like reason of e [...]pressing (or representing) a spéech. Quod quò rectiùs & commodiùs fièri possit to the end that the which may be done more rightly and more aptly, ostendat in scriptis Cicerónis he may shew in the writings of Cicero, quae locutiónes à materna lingua discé­dant what speakings do differ from the mother tongue, quomòdo hanc vel illam sententiā germanìcè explicarémus how we should expresse this or that sentence in duteh, item in quibus vernacùlam linguam imité­mur likewise wherein we may imitate the naturall language, in qui­bus verò non and wherein not: vt hac ratióne puèri discant that by this meanes boyes may learne latinitátem à germanismis separá [...]e to distin­guish latine from dutch manners of speaking, & purè & eleganter latí­nè loqui ac scribère and to speake and to write in latine both purely and elegantly, ac Cicerónis scripta inprímis amáre and especially to loue [Page 57] the writing of Cicero, memòres dicti Quintiliáni being mindfull of the saying of Quintilian: ille sciat se multùm profecisse, let him know that he hath much profited, cui Cicèro valdè placébit whom Cicero shal greatly like. Ante omnia autem cauendum est but before all things it is to be bewared, ne sine discrimine scriptóres praelegantur that not with­out difference writers be read (before schollers) & puèri turbentur va­ria & multiplìci authórum auditióne and boyes be troubled with sundry and manifold hearing of authours, constat enim plaerosque authóres for it is manifest that authours for the most part inter se dissimill [...]mos es­se are among themselues verie vnlike, non solùm tota oratiónis genère none onely in the whole kinde of spéech; sed etiam vocìbus & modis loquendi but also in words and manners of speaking. Quòd multi bo­ni viri hoc nostro tempòre as for that many good men in this our time, qui magnum labórem & studium in scientia aliqua praeclára & vtili po­suérunt which haue bestowed great labour and study in some famous and profitable science, priuentur tamen illa vera gloria are notwithstan­ding depriued of that true glory, quòd non literáta oratióne because not in a learned stile (or spéech) ea quae tenent those things which they hold possint vel proferre, vel litèris mandáre they can either expresse, or com­mit to letters (or writing,) nulla alia causa est there is none other cause quàm infaelicìtas primae aetatis than the misfortune of the first age, quae aptis lection [...]bus & necessarijs exercitijs which by fit lessons (or rea­dings) and necessary exercises, ad linguam latínam non est informáta was not informed (or fashioned or instructed) vnto the latine tongue. Audio I heare say doctissimum virum lo [...]annem Capni [...]nem interro­gátum that the mo [...] learned man Iohn Capnion being demanded, cur hoc tempòre homìnes non tam docti essent why in this time men were not so learned, quàm temporibus Cicer [...]nis & Quintili [...]ni as in the times of Cice [...]o and Quintilian, respondisse answered, illos tunc ha­buisse paucos libros that they then had few bookes, cosque bonos and the same good, quos diligenter & assiduè legendo sibi familiarissimè con­fecissent w [...]ich by reading diligently and continually they had made most familiarly knowne to themselues; Nunc autem homìnes obrùere se variet te & copia librórum but now that men ouerwhelme (or con­themselues found with the variety and multitude of bookes. S [...] verè cogitáre volùmus if we will consider truly, non omnino errauit Capnion Capnion erred not altogether. Nusquā enim est, qui vbíque est for he is no where, which is euery where. Et qui, quò destináuit, pervenire vult, [Page 58] and he which will reach through (or come home) whither he hath ap­pointed, vnā sequátur viā let him follow one way, non per multas vagé­tur let him not wander through many: istud non ire sed erráre est that is not to go but towander, vt verè & sapienter-Senèca dixit as Senecasaid truly & wisely. Quare explósa è ludis puerórü praecipuè authórü multi­tudine wherefore the multitude of authors chiefly being reiected forth of the schooles of children, vnum genus sermónis idque optimum propo­nátur, let one kinde of s [...]éech and that the best be proposed, in quo tan­tisper deti [...]ur wherin so long let them be detained, dum possi [...]t om­nia purè & [...] pr [...]ferre vntill they can vtter all things purely and in latine wi [...]e, et au [...]ris [...] ac [...]lega [...]tiam loquendo & scribendo vt­cunque expri [...]ère and after a sort expresse the force and elegancy of the authour in speaking and writing: & dum ad alios vetères & recen­tiores scriptóres tutò admittentur and vntill they shall be safely admit­ted vnto other ancient and later writers, quos non minori cam vtilitá­te quàm iudicio, pervolutabunt whom they shall turne often ouer (or reade ouer diligently, not with lesse profit than iudgement. De exer­citio latínè loquendi hic non dicam I will not speake here conce [...]ning the exercise of spea [...]ing of latine. Sciunt enim viri docti & s [...]pi [...] for learned and wise men do know, id omníno necessa [...]ium esse that that is altogether necessary, & sine magno discentium incommodo neglìgi aut omitti non posse and cannot be neglected or omitted without the great hurt of the learners Qualia autem exercitia puèris proponenda sint, but what manner exercises may be to be propounded to youths, paucis in­dicábo I [...]ill shew in sew words, si priús dixèro if I shall afore tell, quibus virtutibus ludimagistri & paedag [...]gi praediti esse debeant with what vertues schoolemasters and teachers of children ought to be en­dued. Primùm necesse est eos, qui alios vtilìter [...]rudire volent, latínè do­ctos esse first it is necessary that they be learned in latine, which will instruct others profitably: & vias ac ratiónes docendi expeditissimas te­nére and to know the readiest wayes and reasons (or feats) of tea­ching: & humanitáte ac [...] acultáte delectandi & excitandi puèros valére and be of power (or of much e [...]imation) by reason of humanitie and the faculty of delighting and of stirring vp youths. Quomòdo enim potest alios docére for how can he teach others, qui ipse purè & emen­dátè loqui nec potest, who himselfe can neither speake purely and without fault nec idipsum loquendo et pronunciando praestáre nor per­forme that very thing in speaking and vttering quod à suis discipùlis [Page 59] requirit which he requireth of his schollers? Deinde furthermore, cùm maxìmam vim habeat ad foelícem in studiis progressum via & ratio docentis whereas the way and manner of the teacher hath the grea­test force vnto an happy progresse in studies, prudens magister omnia dextrè & explicátè propónet a prudent master shall propound all things properly (or f [...]atly) and plainly, & discipùlos in illis, quae pro­posìta sunt, vtilìter exercébit and shall profitably exercise the schollers in those things, which are propounded; id autem, quomòdo fièri de­beat, suo loco clàriùs ostendémus but that, how it ought to be done, we will shew more manifestly in its place. Quantúm verò humanitas praeceptóris & alacritátis & amóris erga bonas litèras adfert but how much both cheerefulnesse and loue vnto good learning the court [...]ūe of the master bringeth, tantùm saevitia & crudelìtas tenèros & imbecil­los a [...]ìmos frangit, & à studiis deterret so much the fiercenesse and cru­eltie doth daunt tender and weake mindes (or courages,) and doth a [...]right from studies. Quare meminèrint praeceptóres wherefore shall (or let) masters remember, Se erga discipùlos, vt erga filios, affectos esse oportère that they ought to be affected towards schollers, as to­wards sonnes, nec vel nimia austeritáte nor either by ouermuch seue­ritie, vel plagis or by s [...]ripes, vel diris execrationìbus or by terrible cut­sings, ignic ùlum à natúra datum, extinguère to quenc [...] the sparke gi­uen by nature, sed potiùs comitáte paterna excitáre & inflammáre de­bére but rather ought to stirre vp and to inflame (it) with a fatherly gentlenesse. Neque ve [...]ò haec ita accipienda sunt neither truely these things are so to be taken, quasi puèri ignávi & contumáces debita poe­na coercendi non [...]unt as if [...]oathfull and sullen (or stubborne) boies are not to be constrained (or kept in) by due punishment, aut vir­gis in scholis omníno non sit vtendum or that one must not vse rods at all in schooles, vt quidem nonnulli existìmant as indeed some doe thinke. Nam vt pius et [...] (philóstorgos) pater edúcat suos libèros for as a godly and a louingly affectioned father bringeth vp his chil­dren, non solùm per [...] (nouthesian) seu doctrínam not only by admonition or doctrine, sed etiam per [...] (paideían) hoc est, per assuefactiónem, quotidiána exercitia, exempla, et tempestivas casti­gatiónes but also by discipline, that is, by inuring, daily exercises, examples, and seasonable corrections nam haec quatuor appellatión [...] disciplínae continentur for these [...]oure are contained in the name (or naming) of discipline et memor dicti Salomonis and minde [...]ull of the [Page 60] saying of Solomon: Pater qui parcit virgae odit suum filium the father which spareth the rod, hateth his so [...]ne: puèros petulantes ferùla cae­dit beateth the wanton (or malapert) boyes with the paulmer, eam­que collocat in conspectu liberórum and setteth it in sight of the chil­dren, vt semper incurrens in ocùlos that alwaies comming vnto the eyes (or into their sight,) eos in disciplina retineat may retaine them in discipline, e [...] lasciviam coerceat and may restraine wantonnesse. Ita praeceptóri so a master, qui parentum vicarius est which is one in stead of the parents, et eorum partes sustìnet and executoth their du­ties, vtendum est [...]em mediis institutióne discipulórum must vse the same meanes in instruction of schollers; quare nec virgae nec aliae op­portúnae animadversiónes wherefore neither rods, nor other conueni­ent punishments, ex scholis tolli aut debe [...] aut possunt either ought or may be taken out forth of schooles. Est enim metus poenárum velut [...] (Ergodió [...]tes) for the feare of punishments is as it were an hastener forward of the [...]orke, et custos officii ac diligentiae dis [...]i­pulórum and a preseruer of the duty and diligence of the schollers, sine quo without which, maxìmè in hac delíra mundi senecta especially in this doting old age of the world, cùm mores juventútis ad nimiam ignaviam et contumaciam incubuérunt when as the manners of youth haue béene inclined vnto ouermuch [...]oathfulnesse and stubbornnesse, Florens illa aetas in officio retinéri non potest that flourishing age can­not bée retained (or held in) in duty. Sed in omnibus modus est ser­vandus but in all things measure is to be kept, et ira removenda and anger to be put a [...] ay, cum qua nihil rectè fi [...]ri, nihil considerátè po­test with which nothing can bée done rightly, nothing considerately. Sed jam ad id, vnde digressus sum, revertar but now I will returne to that whence I digressed. Primum scribendi exercitationis genus est the first kinde of the exercise of writing is, puèro illa, germanìcè red­dita proponère to propound to a boy those things rendred in Dutch, quae in Ciceróne observanda esse audivit which he hath heard are to bée obserued in Cicero, temporìbus, persónis, locis, rebus etiam nonnihil commu [...]átis the [...]imes, persons, places, yea and the things somewhat altered, quae ad imitationem Cicerónis in Latinum sermónem convertat which (the a [...]oresaid obseruable matters) he may turne into Latine speach after the imitation of Cicero. Ratio autem emendandi scripta omnium optìma [...] simplicissìma est but of all the best and most since [...]e way of amending writings is (or the best and plainest way of cor­recting [Page 61] the writings of all is,) non praeceptóris arbitrio not according to the pleasure of the master, sed ipsius Cicerónis judicio but after the iudgement of Cicero himselfe, puèri compositiónem emendáre to a­mend the boyes composition (of words,) illiusque epistòlam vel lo­cum, ei proponère & to propound to him his Epistle or place, ex quo scribendi argumentum desumptum est from whence the argument of writing is taken, velut exemplar et specùlum as it were a patterne and looking-glasse, in quo videat wherein he may s [...], quid suo labóri desit what is wanting to (or for) his labour. Nihil autem pernitiòsi­us studiis linguae Latínae accidère potest but nothing can happen more pernicious to the studies of the Latine tongue, quàm quòd puèri, neglecta omni imitatióne than that boyes all imitation neglected, à suis magistris magis quàm à Ciceróne ipso, of their masters rather than of Cicero himselfe, et similibus authoribus bonis and other like [...] good au­thors, latinittá [...]m discère coguntur are enforced to learne Latine. Ac­céditeò there appertaineth to this matter (or moreouer then this) quòd illa saepe praeceptóres puèris vertenda praescribunt that often­times masters prescribe those things to be translated by the boyes (or prescribe to the boyes those things to be translated,) quorum vel appellatiónes vel loquendi modos nunquam antea audívérunt wherof ei­ther the names or manners of speaking they neuer heard afore. Imò quae ipsi praedagógi, quomòdo rectè et propriè reddenda sunt, ignórant yea which the schoolemasters themselues know not how they are to be rendred rightly and properly. Quare ante omnia cavébit praeceptor wherefore before all things the master shall beware, ne puèrum vel scribère vel loqui permittat that he suffer not the boy either to write or to speake, nisi istis modis et rationibus quas non à se, sed ab optìmis au­thorìbus didicèrit vnlesse in those manners and formes, which he hath learned not from him, but from the best authors. Quòd si tale argu­mentum propositum est that if such an argument (or matter to bee written of) be propound [...]d, cujus exemplum intègrum in authóre non extat whereof a whole example is not extant in an author, vt nec sem­per extáre potest as neither alwaies it can be extant, emendátor illud ipsum argumentum quod discipùl [...] tractárunt, propriis verbis et phrasì­bus praeclárè retextum et [...]laborátum illis propónat the correctour may propound that very argument which the schollers haue handled, very well changed cleane otherwise and elaborated (or eractly done with study,) in proper words and phrases, in quo sicut et in Ciceró­ne [Page 62] cernant in which as euen in Cicero they may sée, quld suo scripto desit what is wanting to their owne writing, & quantum ab illa for­ma discrèpet and how much it differeth from that forme. Deinde vbi aliquandiu in hoc exercitio versáti sunt afterward when as some while they haue béene conuersant in this exercise, & in eo aliquid profecé­runt and haue profited some what therein, ad majora deducendi sunt they are to be led along vnto greater matters, & curandum and it is to be cared, vt Cicerónis scripta facilióra that the easier writings of Cicero, & praecipuè epistòlas ad verbum à praeceptóre germanìco ser­mónere [...] a [...] chiefly the Epistles by the master rendred accor­ding to the word (word for word) in the Dutch speach, non inspecto exemplári the patterne (or coppie) not looked into, suo marte latínè vertant by their owne proper wit (or endeauour) doe turne into La­tine, quae ad eundem, quem dixi, modum emendandae sunt which are to be amended after the same manner which I said. Quod si assiduè fit the which if it be continually done, non dubium est there is no doubt, quin facìlè puèri ad purè & eleganter scribendum assuesíant but easily the boyes may be inured to write purely and elegantly. Vt enim foras, cùm in sole ambulámus for as when we walka broad in the Sun, etiamsi ob aliam causam ambulémus although we walke for another cause, tamen colorámur notwithstanding wee are steyned (or colou­red:) sic fièrinón potest so it cannot come to passe, quin cùm hoc modo puer exercétur but when as a boy is ereccised in this manner, ejus o­ratio assiduo illo vsu & consuetudìne colorétur his speach by that conti­nuall vse and custome may bee died (or haue a timture) & puritá­tem ac suavitátem quandam Ciceroneánam redoleat and may sauour of a certaine Ciceronian puritie and sweetnesse (or pleasantnesse.) Ter­tium exercitii genus est the third kinde of exercise is, oratiónem latí­nam, aliis verbis Latínis, & Ciceróni vsitátis, exprimère to expresse a Latine speach in other Latine words, and also much vsed of Cicero. Verum id exercitium non ad hos puèros, sed ad perfectióres, & cos ma­gis, qui charactérem oratiónis effingère, quam qui Latínè tantum loqui & scribère discunt, propriè pertinet but that exercise properly pertai­neth not to these boyes, but vnto perfecter, and those rather which learne to resemble a stile of speach, (or to deuise a like forme of words,) than which learne only to speake and write in Latine. Vt autem haec scribendi exercitia diligenter & fideliter colenda sunt but as these exercises of writing are to bee practised diligently [Page 63] & faithfully: Sie et latinè lo quendi exercitátio, de qua paulò ante dixi ne­quàquam, neglìgi debetso also the exercise of speaking in latine, wherof I spake a little before, in no wise ought to be neglected. Quod quò rectiùs fièri possit the which that it may be done the righter (or to the end that the which may be done more rightly.) Custodes seu corycéi constituendi sunt watchers or spies are to be set, qui et juniores teuto­nìcè loquentes, et grandióres vel Germanismis vel soloecismis, vel denì­que barbarismis vtentes, annòtent which may note (or put in writing) both the younger speaking Leutonicely (or in low Dutch,) and the elder vsing either Germanismes (or proprieties of the high Dutch) or incongruities; or finally Barbarismes, et ad magistrum defèrant, à quo iusta poena afficiantur and may appeach (or report them) vnto ths master, by whom they may be afflicted with iust punishment (or bée duly punished.) Vtrumque enim exercitium for both exercises, la­tiné scribendi et loquendi of writing and speaking in Latine, in Latí­nis scholis vigére debet ought to flourish (or bee in force) in Latine schooles, nec altèrum ab altèro separári potest neither can the one bée seuered from the other. Nam vt prudentis et industrii informatóris est for as it is the part of a wise and industrious instructer, indicáre et proponère puero to shew and to propound to a boy, illa quae singulári studio, observanda, exercenda, et imitanda sunt those things which with singular study are to be obscrued, exercised, and imitated: Sic is eàdem non solùm scriptione, sed etiam locutióne, imitabìtur so hee shall imitate the same, not only in writing, but also in speaking. Dixi de ratióne servanda in instituendis puèris in lingua latína I haue spokeu of the forme to be kept in instructing youths in the Latine tongue, vs­que ad annum aetátis vndecimum aut duodecìmum euen vntill the ele­uenth or twelfth yeare of age: Restat nunc, vt brevìter dissèram de ra­tióne tradendae et discendae linguae Graecae it remaineth now that I briefly discourse of the manner of teaching and learning the Gréeke tongue. Quòd pauci nostrùm consequuntur alìquam mediòcrem cogni­tiónem Graecae linguae that few of ours doe attaine any meane (or in­different) knowledge of the Gréeke tongue, vel quòd studíum ejus vidétur nobis perdisficile or that the study thereof seemeth to vs very hard, nulla alia causa est there is none other cause, quàm quòd aut se­rius suscipimus hoc studium than that either somewhat late wée vn­dertake this studie; aut si suscipimus or if wee doe vndertake, frigìdè in eo versámur wée are coldly (remissely) conuersant in it, nec eo or­dine [Page 64] et modo, quo decet, in eo progredimur neither in that order, and manner, wherein it becommeth, doe wée procéed therein. Vt autem in omnibus aliis rebus rectè, tempestìvè, et foelicìter perficiendis but as in all other things to bee performed rightly, seasonably, and prospe­rously: Sic et in discendis graecis litèris so also in learning the Gréeke tongue, ordo conveniens omninò necessarius est a conuenient order is altogether necessarie. Quare vbi ab anno aetátis sexto vel septimo wherefore when as from the firth or seuenth yeere of age vsque ad annum vndecimum euen vntill the eleuenth yeere, in latina, lingua, ea, qua dixi, ratióne puèri exercitáti sunt boyes are exercised in the Latins tongue, in that manner wherein I said, (his enim sex annis, nisi planè tardi et indociles sunt, linguam Románam vtcunqne discère possunt for in these sixe yéeres, vnlesse they bée vtterly slow and vnteachable, they may learne the Latine tongue after a sort (or so so.) Graeca vo­cabula ex evangeliis, vt vocant, dominicalibus, ipsis proponantur, the Gréeke wdrds out of the Gospels, as they call Domimcall ones, (or Sundaies ones) let be propounded to them, quorum quotidie aliquot ediscant recìtent, whereof some daily let them learne by heart, let them recite, et octávo quoque die illa, quae praeterìta hebdomàde didi­cérunt, ab initio repètant, and on euery eighth day let them répeate those things from the beginning, which they haue learned in the wéekepast. Vt enim liberalia ingenia facillimè res bonas arripiunt et addiscunt for as franke witts most easily take quickly and learne good things: Sic eadem ipsis facilè excidunt so the same things easily doe slip from them, si non diligenti et assidua repetitióne inculcentur if they bée not poured in (or beaten into memory) by diligent and continu­all repetition. His paradigmàta declinationum et conjugatiónum grae­cárum addantur, to these things let be added the patternes of the Gréeke declensions and coniugations, in quibus certis diébus exercen­di sunt in which they are to be exercised certaine daies. In hoc studio cùm annum consumpsērunt when as they haue spent a yeere in this studie, evangelia graeca, non inspecta versione latína interpretári jube­buntur they shall bee bid to interpret the Gréeke Gospels, the Latins translation not looked in. Et quia hujus classis auditoribus nunc gram­matìca graeca intègrè proponìtur, and because to the schollers of this forme now the Gréeke grammer is propounded entirely, non solùm in nomìnum ac verbórum inflexionìbus, sed etiam in temporìbus verbó­rum actívae, passívae, et mediae vocis formandis, ac regulis graecae Syn­taxeos [Page 65] praecipuis et maximè necessariis cum vno et altèro exemplo edi­scendis opèram ponent they shall bestow viligence not only in the de­clinings of nounes and verbes, but also in forming the tences of verbs of the actiue, passiue, and medium (or middle or meane) voice, and in cunning by heart the chiefe and most necessary rules of the Gréeke Syntaris with one or another example. Diligenter autem et accurátè, vt dixi, hisce puèris Grammatìca graeca ediscenda est but dili­gently and accurately, as I said, the Gréeke grammer is to be lear­ned without booke by these boyes, quam qui tenet the which hée that kéepeth in remembrance, sciat se deuorasse maxìmam partem molestiae let know that hee hath susteined and passed ouer the greatest part of the totle, quae suscip [...]enda et perferenda est in discenda hac lingua which is to be vndertaken and susteined in learning this tongue. Propóni autem quatuordècim, quindècim vel sedècim annórum adolescentùlis debent Socràtis oratio ad Demonìcum et Nicoclem, et illa, quae Nicocles insCribìtur but to lads of fouretéene, fiftéene or sixtéene yéeres, there ought to be propounded the oration of Socrates vnto Demonicus and Nicocles, and that, which is intitled Nicocles; Plutarchi paeda­gogia Plutarchs pedagogie (or treatise of training vp young chil­dren,) facilióres et lepidióres dialògi Luciáni the easier and pleasanter dialogurs of Lucian, et fabùlae Aesópi and Iesops fables: Ex quibus praeter verbórum copiam out of which besides the store of words, phrases et variárum rerum appellatiónes the phrases and names of di­uers things, magnam sapientiae partem de gubernandis consiliis, a great part of the wisedome concerning gouerning intents (or aduices,) actionibus et moribus actions and manners, sine vllo taedio tenèra a tas discère potest tender age may learne without any wearinesse of minde. Et quia variètas delectat, ac voluptátem parit and because va­rietie delighteth and causeth pleasure, graeca poemàta, cujusmòdi sunt, aurea carmìna Pythagòrae, Phocylìdes et postea Hesiòdus, ac quidam li­bri Homéri, lectióni oratórum admiscendi erunt Gréeke poemes, of which sort are, the golden vorses of Pythagoras, Phocylides, and afterward Hefiod, and certaine bookes of Homer, shall bee to bee in­termeddled to the reading of Drators. His auditoribus, singulis scp­timánis breve argumentum Latínum proponendum est to these lear­ners, in euery wéeke a short Latine argument (or summe of a mat­ter written) is to bée propounded, quod ad imitatiónem Isocràtis, De­mosthènis, et similium authórum, in graecum sermónem convertant [Page 66] which after the imitation of Isocrates, Demosthenes, and of like authors, they may turne into the Gréeke speach. Nam vt in linguà Latína optìmos quosque authóres et legìmus et imitámur for as in the Latine tongue wée both read and imitate all the best authors: Sic et in graeca idem facère, et nostram oratiónem ad graecórum authorum ser­monem effingère debémus so also wée ought to doe the same in the Gréeke tongue, and to frame our stile according to the speach of the Gréek authors. Nec imitandi sunt, qui ex dictionario, vel Synonymis graecis, epistólas graecas, aut versus consarcináre solent neither are they to be imitated, which are wont to patch vp gréeke Epistles, or verses out of a Dictionary, or greeke Synonymaes. Debet etiam hitce, de quibus dixi, discipùlis, liber aliquis epistolarum Ciceronis, qui facilior et elegantior videbitur, prop [...]ni, quem ordine graecè vert [...]t, et praecep­tóri certis horis exhibeant, there ought also to be propounded to these schollers, of whom I haue said, some booke of the epistles of Cicero, which shall seeme the easier and the eleganter, which in order they may turne into Greeke, and may shew to the [...] at certaine houres. Hoc enim si fecèrint, eádem opèrà purit tem latíni sermonis et graecam linguam addiscent for this if they will doe, with the same la­bour they shall learne the puritie of the Latine speach, and the Greek tongue. Emendandi autem haec scripta, via expeditissima est; but the readiest way to amend these writings is, Primùm vitia, si quae sunt, comìter indicáre, et vel ipsum authórem, ex quo argumentum scribendi depromptum est, vel praeceptóris elaborátain versiónem quam cum sua confèrant, ipsis ob oculos proponère, first of all gently to shew the faults, if there be any, and to set to them before the eyes, either the author himselfe, from whom the argument of writing is taken out, or the masters translation exactly done, which they may compare with their owne. Ad hoc vtile exercitium, et illud accedère debet, vt certis quibusdam horis nihil aliud ipsis loqui liceat, nisi graecè. Ʋnto this profitable exercise, also this ought to be added, that it be lawfull for them in certaine appointed houres to speake no other thing (no­thing else) than in Greeke. Vt enim in lingua Latína, sic et in graeca illa, quae puer audívit, non solùm scribendo, sed etiam loquendo ad vsum transferre docet for as in the Latine tongne, so also in the Greeke, those things, which the boy hath heard, hee teach to transferre (or turne) to vse, not only by writing, but also by speaking. Neque est quod quisquam vereátur, ne puèri difficultáte quadam aut obscuritáte, [Page 67] à studio hujus linguae deterreantur neither is there (cause) that any one feare, least boyes by some difficultie or obscurity, bee deterred from the studie of this tongue. Nam vt ipsi natúrâ peregrinárum lin­guárum amantes sunt, easque facìlè ad discunt, for as they by nature are louers of forraigne languages, and doe learne them easily: Sic nulla alia lingua jucundiòr est, nec suavióre sono amìbus illabitur, quàm grae­ca, so no other tongue is more pleasant, neither with a sweeter sound entreth into the eares, than the Greeke. Quare vt requies suave con­dimentum laboris est vt graecum dictum, wherefore as rest is the sweet sauce of labour, as the Greeke saying, he anó pausis rest estin is ártu­ma the sauce tòn ponôn of laboure monet aduertiseth: Ita graecárum literárum studium reliquis discendi laborìbus non modò taedium nullum adfert, sed eos etiam jucundi res reddit, et quadam oblectatióne ac vo­luptáte tanquam sale perspergit so the studie of the Greeke tongue not only bringeth no yekiomitesse to the remaining labours of learning, but maketh them also more pleasant, and springleth them all ouer with certaine delight and pleasure as with salt. Quod autem de grae­cae linguae studio ejusque exercitis hacrènus dixi, but what hitherto I haue spoken concerning the studie of the Greeke tongue, and the ex­ercises thereof, non ita intelligendum est it is not so to bee vnderstood, quasi interealatinae lectiónes prorsus omittendae aut de ponendae vel eti­am musica, Arithmetìca et initia dialectìces et rhetorìces, his grandiorìbus non vnâ tradendae sint as if in the meane while latine readings hee (or were) altogither to be omitted or laid aside, or also musicke a ithme­ticke, and the beginnings of Logicke and Rhetoricke not to bee togi­ther taught to those elder (or of more yeeres.) Debet enim simul ac latinae linguae fundamentum jactum est, vtriusque linguae, latinae et grae­cae, studium simul in scholis slorére et dominári for as soone as the foun­dation of the Latine tongue is laid, the studie of both tongues, the Latine and the Greeke, ought to flourish and to haue the souaraign­tie togither in the schooles. Maximè cùm haec linguarum inter se colla­tio tantas habeat opportunitátes, vt vtramque hoc modo et citiùs et faci­liùs simul, quàm altèram separátim puèri discère possint especially see­ing that this comparing of languages betweene themselues hath so great commodities, that by this meanes boyes may learne both soo­ner and easier both togither, than one apart. Vt enim latina lingua sine graeca non intelligìtur, sic ne graeca sine latina explicári et tradi potest for as the Latine tongue without the Greeke is not vnderstood, so not [Page 68] the Greeke without the Latine can bee expounded and taught (or deliuered.) Caetèrae etiam artes, quarum modò mentio facta est, cùm recreatiónis, tum vtilitátis et necessitátis causà, simul caetèris Latínè et graecè discendi laborìbus admiscendae sunt the other arts also, whereof now mention was made, both for the sake of recreation, and also of profit and necessitie, are to bee intermeddled togither to the other la­bours of learning Greeke and Latine. Debent autem illi, qui aetáte et eruditióne provectióres sunt, illustres authórum locos, insignes narratió­nes et historias, ex graeca lingua in Latinam, et ex latina in graecam ver­tère but they which are riper (or forwarder) in age and learning, ought to turne out of the Greeke tongue into the Latine, and out of the Latine into the Greeke, the renouned places of authors, the no­table discourses and the histories. Sed meminèrint studiósi, in conver­tendis è graeca lingua in Latinam, et contra, scriptis, non semper verbum ex verbo exprimendum esse, sed dandam esse opèram, vt si quid abhor­reat à consuetudìne et more ejus sermónis, in quem alìquid convertétur, id omittátur on nino. But students shall remember (or let students remember) in translating writings out of the Greek tongue into the Latine, and contrariwise, that not alwaies word is to bee translated out of word (or that they must alwaies translate word for word) but endeauour is to bee giuen, that if any thing disagreeth from the custome and manner of that speach, where­into something shall bee translated, it be omitted altogither. Quod à se obseruátū in conuertendis orationibus adversarijs Aeschinis et Demost­hènis Cicèro affirmat, which thing Cicero affirmeth to be obserued by him selfe in turning the aduersarie orations of Aeschines & Demost­henes. Sic enim in libro de optìmo genère oratórum scribit for so he wri­teth in the booke of the best kinde of oratours: quorum ego oratiónes, vt spero, ita expressèro, virtutibus vtens illórum omnibus, id est, sententijs, et eárum figúris, et rerum ordìne verba persèquens eatènus, vt ea non ab­horreant à more nostro. Whose orations I, as I hope, shall so expresse (or translate) vsing all the properties (or vertues) of them, that is, the sentences, and the figures of them, and the order of the matters, throughly following the words so farre, as they bee not disagréeing from our custome. Est igitur Cicerónis de verbis conuertendis sententia, ea persequenda esse duntaxat, quae à more illórum ìn quorum linguam vsú inque conuertentur, non abhorrebunt. It is therefore the opinion of Cicero concerning translating words, that those things are onely to [Page 69] befollowed, which disagrée not from the manner (or custome) of them, in whose language and vse they shall be translated. Vt autem studió­si graecárum literárum optìmum exemplar habeant, quod in conuertén­dis conjungendísque graecis cum latinis imitentur. But that the students of the gréek language may haue a very good pattern, which they may imitate in tranflating and conioyning (or comparing) gréeke with la­tine, cùm alios ex apología, phaedóne phaedro, libris de legibus, et de re­publìca Platónis locos, a Ciceróne latínè reddìtos, tum librum Ciceró­nis de vniuersitáte, cum ea parte Timéi Platónis, cui respondet, diligenter et attentè inter se conjungent, confèrent, et cùm primùm alìquid scire graecè caepèrint, ad imitandum sedùlò sibi propónent, both some places out of the apologie, the phaedon, the phaedrus, the bookes of the lawes and of the commonwealth of Plato, rendred in latine by Cicero, also the booke of Cicero concerning vniuersity, with that part of Timaeus of Plato, whereto it answereth, diligently and attentiuely they shall set together betweene themselues, shall compare (or conferre) and as soone as they shall begin to know any thing in gréeke, they shall pre­fixe before them to be imitated of themselues diligently; quod si fecè­rint, non modò elègans dicendi genus, quod apud Cicerónem perpe­tuum est, discent, sibíque comparabant: fed etiam graeca faciliùs intellì­gent, et discit ùs explicábunt, which if they will do, they shall learne, and get to themselues, not onely the elegant kind of speaking, which is continuall in Cicero; but also more easily they shall vnderstand, and more expressely (or elegantly) shall expound the gréeke (writings.) Sed fortè objiciet alìquis, & esse & fuisse nonnullos, qui serò admòdum, cum quidem aetáte prouecti essent primùm litèras discère caepèrint, & ta­men illos in vtráque lingua praecláros progressus fecisse, but peraduen­ture some one will obiect, that there are and haue béene certaine, which very late, when as truly they were run farre in age (or yeares) at the first began to learne good letters (or language) and yet notwithstan­ding that they made excellent progresses in both tongues. Fateor esse ingenia quaedam eximia atque illustria, quae celerìter quod docétur, arri­piant, & brevi tempòre mulcùm proficiant, I confes that there are some singular & cléere (or renowned) wits, which quickly learne that which is taught, and profit much in a short time. Sed hoc adjungo, vt horum exempla confirmant dicta tò eróti panta perasima amóri omnia per via sunt: item, dia carterías kai phíloponías ouden tôn ontôn agàthôn a­náloton péphùke tolerantiâ & industriâ nihil in rerum natúra bonórum [Page 70] est, quin acquirátur: item labor omnia vincit impròbus, sic nemo illis ex­emplis ad excusandam ignaviam suam, & negligendam discendi occasió­nem, abúti debet. Non enim cuíuis contingit adíri co [...]inthum. But this I adde, as sayings do confirme the examples of these, all things are passeable (or open, or haue a way through) to (or for) loue. And also there is nothing of the good things in the nature of things, but it may be atchieued by enduring (or sufferance) and industry. (Ouden no­thing tòn ontòn agàthôn of the exi [...]ent (or being) good things pephùke hath beene brought forth analòton vnattaineable dia carterías through through patience (or enduring) kai philoponías and industry.) And likewise importunate (or great, labour ouercommeth all things. So no body ought to abuse th [...]se examples to excuse his slothfulnesse, and to neglect the opportunity of learning: for it happeneth not to euery one to go vnto Corinthu [...]. Ac quemadmòdum heroica facta sunt supra regùlam, et mediocres homìnes intra metas regùlae m [...]érè debent: ita ne­mo d [...]b [...]t, temèrè talia praestantium hominum, quibus per fortúnam vel alias causas, citiùs litèras attingere non licuit, exempla imitári, et occasió­nem, [...]i quae datu [...] in pueritia discendi litèras et linguas, negligère, maxì­mè cum ars sit longa, vita autem breuis, vt verissimè Hippocrates initio suorum aphorismorum inquit. And euen as her [...]icall (or noble mens) déeds are aboue rule, and mean men ought to abide▪ [...]thin the bounds of rule. So no man ought rashly to imitate such examples of excel­leni men, to whom through fortune or other causes, it was not possi­ble to attaine learninig sooner, and to neglect the occasion, if any be gi­uen in childhood to learne letters and languages; especially seeing that art is long, and life short, as most truly sayth Hippocrates in the be­ginning of his aphorismes. Quid? quòd natúra ipsa sic homìnis vitam dispertiùit, vt prima aetas linguae, media eloquentiae, postréma vsui et commúni vtilitáti tribuerétur: quam si tanquam ducem sapientissìmum sequémur, puer ab incunabùlis, [...]sque ad annum decìmum quartum aut decìmum sextum, [...]linguis et politioribus litèris informandus erit. What? (or why, or do you aske me why?) because nature it selfe hath so diuided the life of man, that the first age should be applyed to lan­guage, the middl [...] to eloquence, the last to vse and common profit: whom if we will follow as the most wise guide, a boy from the cradle (from infancy) euen vntill the fourteenth or sixteenth yeare, shall be to be instructed in languages and in the more exquisite learning. Ita potèrit postea et studia suscipere et tractáre quae ipsi emolumentum et [Page 69] honorem, ecclesiae verò et reipublìcae vtilitátem immensam pariant. So shall hee bee able afterward to vndertake and handle those studies, which may bring commodity and honour to himselfe, and exceeding great profit to Church and common wealth. Sed dolendum est, hunc ordinem à natúra praescriptum, et omnium sanórum homínum judicio approbátum, multis modis turbári, but it is to be sorrowed, that this order prescribed by nature, and approued by the iudgement of all sound men, is confounded in many manners. Nam vel prae [...]ptores siue ignorantià, siue ignauia, saepe iustum instituendi ordinem non seruant, vel adolescentes sine pennis, vt in prouerbio est, voláre volunt, et neglectis linguis ac humaniorìbus disciplínis, ad superióres artes, theologiam, iuris prudentiam, vel artem medicam se confèrunt: vel praepostèro ordìne in­cedentes, in linguárum studijs, sine suo et aliórum homínum fructu con­senescunt. For either masters, whether through ignorance, or through slouthfulnesse, oftentimes kéepe not the iust order of teaching, or youths will fly without wings, as it is in the prouerbe, and langua­ges, and the liberaller learnings being neglected, they betake them vn­to the superiour arts, diuinity, knowledge of the law, or the phisicall art: or going in a preposterous order, do waxe old (or spend all the time) in the study of tongues, without their owne and the fruit of o­ther men. Quod ne fiat, magistri períti et ad docendum idonei, liberalibus stipendijs conducendi, & scholis praeficiendi sunt; ex quibus, qui puro ornatóque sermóne, superiora studia illustráre, exornáre, & propágare possint, emittantur: quod, vt ego quidem arbìtror, rectè et commòdè fièri potèrit, si implorato Dei auxilio, sine quo irrìta est omnis humána industria, ordó, qui vtcunque à me hac breui oratióne delineátus est, in docendo et discendo seruabitur. Least the which be done (or that the which be not d [...]ne) skilfull maisters and fit to teach are to be hired with liberall stipends, and to be set ouer the schooles; out of which they may be sent forth, which are able to illustrate, adorne and propa­gate the superiour studies, with a pure and an elegant [...]ile (or spéech) which a [...] I truly doe thinke, will be done rightly and profitably, if Gods help being beséeched, without which al mans industry is of none effect, the order shall be kept in teaching and learning, which is pour­trayed (or described) by me in this short oration after a sort. Haec ha­bui quae de lingua latína et graeca discenda et docenda, hoc tempòre dicè­rem, quae e [...]si non omnìbus placébunt, vt nec placére debent, vel possunt, (quis enim omnibus satisfacère potest?) tamen viris doctis, et vsu perítis [Page 72] ac judicio certo rem ponderantìbus omníno probátum iri co [...]fído Dixi. These things I haue had, which I would say at this time, concerning learning and teaching the latine and gréeke tongue, which things al­though they will not please all, as neither ought they to please, or can (for who can satisfie all men?) yet notwithstanding I am sure that they will be approued altogether of men learned and by experience skilfull, and pondering the matter with the firme (or sound) iudge­ment. I haue said.