THE CONFESSION OF FAITH, OF THE MOST REVEREND FATHER IN GOD CYRILL, Patriarch of Constantinople.
Written at Constantinople, 1629.
CYRILLVS the Patriarch of Constantinople, to those who desire to vnderstand the Religion of the Easterne Church, which is the Greeke Church, (that is to say, what wee belieue, & what wee thinke of the Articles of true & right beliefe) in the name of all Christians by common consent setteth out this short Confession, that it may be as a witnesse before God and the whole Church, without dissimulation, but with a good conscience.
CONFESSIO FIDEI, REVERENDISSIMI DOMINI CYRILLI, 1629.
Patriarchae Constantinopolitani, scripta Constantinopoli.
LONDON, Printed for Nicolas Bourne, dwelling at the South entrance of the Royall Exchange. 1629.
IN THE NAME OF THE FATHER, AND OF THE SONNE, AND OF THE HOLY GHOST.
WE belieue one God Almightie and Infinite, three in persons, the Father, Sonne and Holy Ghost, the Father vnbegotten, the Sonne begotten of the Father before the World, consubstantial with the Father: the Holy Ghost proceeding from the Father by the Sonne, hauing the same essence with the Father and the Sonne: we call these three persons in one essence the Holy Trinity, euer to be blessed, glorified and to be worshipped of euery creature.
We belieue the Holy Scripture to be giuen by God, to haue no other Author but the Holy Ghost, which we ought vndoubtedly to belieue: for it is written, We haue a more sure word of Prophecy, to the which yee doe well to take heede as to a light shining in a darke place. Besides, we beliue the authority thereof to be aboue the authority of the Church. It is a farre different thing for the Holy Ghost to speake and the tongue of man, for the tongue of man may through ignorance erre, deceyue, and be deceyued: but the Word of God neither deceyueth, nor is deceyued, nor can erre, but is alwayes infallible and sure.
We belieue that the best and greatest God hath predestinated his Elect vnto glorie before the beginning of the World, without any respect vnto their workes, and that there was no other impulsiue cause to this election, but onely the good will and mercy of God. In like manner before the world was made, he hath reiected whom he would: of which act of reprobation, if you consider the absolute dealing of God his will is the cause: but if you looke vpon Gods orderly proceeding, his iustice is the cause, for God is mercifull and Iust.
We belieue that one God in Trinity, the Father, Sonne, and Holy Ghost, to be the Creator of all things visible and inuisible: Inuisible things we call the Angels, visible things the Heauens and all things vnder them. And because the Creator is good by nature, he hath created all things good, and cannot doe any euil: and if there be any euill, it proceds from the Deuill and man: for it ought to bee a certaine rule to vs, that God is not the Author of euill, neither can sinne by any iust reason be imputed to him.
We belieue that all things are gouerned by Gods Prouidence, which we ought rather to adore then search into, sith it is beyond our capacity, neither can we truly vnderstand the reason of it from the things themselues; in which matter we suppose it better to embrace silence in humility, then to speake many things which doe not edify.
We belieue that the first man created by God, fell in Paradise, because neglecting the Commandement of God, he yelded to the deceitfull counsell of the Serpent: from thence sprung vp originall Sinne to his posterity, so that no man is borne according to the flesh, who doeth not beare this burthen, and feele the fruits of it in his life.
We belieue that Iesus Christ our Lord hath made himselfe of no accompt, that is, hath assumed mans nature into his owne Subsistence: that he was conceaued by the holy Ghost, that he was made man in the Wombe of Mary alwayes a Virgin, was borne and suffred death, was buryed and glorified by his resurrection, that he brought saluation and glory to all beleeuers, whom we looke for to come to iudge both quicke and dead.
We belieue, that our Lord Iesus Christ fitteth on the right hand of his Father, and there maketh intercession for vs, executing alone the office of a true and lawfull Priest and Mediator: and from thence he hath a care of his people, and gouerneth his Church, adorning and enriching her with many blessings.
We belieue that without Faith, no man can be saued; but that we call Faith, which in Christ Iesus iustifieth, which the life and death of our Lord Iesus Christ procured, the Gospell published, and without which no man can please God.
We belieue that the Church (which is called Catholicke) containeth all true belieuers in Christ, which being departed, are in their Country in heauen, or liuing on earth, are yet trauayling in the way: the Head of which Church, (because a mortal man by no meanes can be) Iesus Christ is the head alone, and he holdeth the sterne of the Gouernment of the Church in his owne head: but because on earth there be particular Visible Churches, and in order euery one of them hath one chiefe, which chiefe is not properly to be called a head of that particular Church, but improperly, because he is the principall member thereof.
We belieue that the Members of the Catholicke Church be the Saints, chosen vnto eternall life, from the number and fellowshippe of whom, Hypocrites [Page 4]are excluded, though in particular visible Churches Tares may be found amongst the wheate.
We belieue that the Church on earth is sanctified and instructed by the Holy Ghost, for he is the true comforter, whom Christ sendeth from the Father, to teach the truth, and to expell darkenes from the vnderstanding of the faithfull. For it is very certaine that the Church on earth may erre, taking falshood for truth, from which errour the light and doctrine of the holy Spirit alone freeth vs, not of mortall man, although by Mediation of the labours of the Churches Ministers this may be done.
We belieue that a man is iustified by Faith, and not by workes; but when we say, by Faith, we vnderstand the correlatiue or obiect of faith, which is the righteousnes of Christ, which Faith apprehends and applyeth vnto vs for our Saluation. This may very well be, and yet without any preiudice to good workes: for truth it selfe teacheth vs, that workes must not be neglected, that they be necessary meanes, and testimonies of our faith, for confirmation of our calling; but for workes to be sufficient for our saluation, and to make a man so to appeare before the Tribunall of Christ, that of condignity or merit they conferre saluation, humane fraylety witnesseth to be false; but the righteousnes of Christ being applyed to the penitent, doth onely iustifie and saue the faithfull.
We belieue that free will is dead in the vnregenerate, because they can doe no good thing, and whatsoeuer they doe is sinne; but in the regenerate by the grace of the holy Spirit the will is excited & in deed worketh but not without the assistance of grace; to effect that therefore which is good, grace goeth before the will, which will in the regenerate is wounded, as he by the theeues that came from Hierusalem, so that of [Page 5]himselfe without the helpe of grace, he hath no power to doe any thing.
We belieue that there be Euangelicall Sacraments in the Church, which the Lord hath instituted in the Gospell, and they bee two: wee haue no larger number of Sacraments, because the Ordayner thereof deliuered no more. Furthermore wee belieue that they consist of the Word and the Element, that they be seales of the promises of God, and we doubt not but doe conferre grace. But that the Sacrament be entire and whole, it is requisite that an earthly substance & an externall action doe concurre with the vse of that element ordained by Christ our Lord, and ioyned with a true faith, because the defect of faith doth preiudice the integritie of the Sacraments.
We belieue that Baptisme is a Sacrament instituted by the Lord, which vnlesse a man hath receaued, he hath not communion with Christ, from whose death, buriall and glorious Resurrection, the whole vertue and efficacy of Baptisme, doth proceed; therefore in the same forme wherein our Lord hath commanded in the Gospel, we are certaine, that to those who bee Baptized both Originall and Actuall sinnes are pardoned: so that whosoeuer haue beene washed in the name of the Father, and of the Sonne, and of the Holy Ghost, are regenerate, cleansed and iustified. But concerning the repetition of it, we haue no command to be rebaptized, therefore we must absteine from this inconuenience.
We belieue that the other Sacrament was ordained of the Lord, which we call the Eucharist. For in the Night wherein hee was betrayed, taking bread and blessing it, he said to his Apostles, Take yee, eat, this is my body: and when he had taken the Cuppe, hee gaue thankes and said, Drinke ye all of this, this [Page 6]is my blood which was shed for many: this doe in remembrance of me. And Paul addeth, for as often as ye shall eat of this bread, and drinke of this Cuppe, yee doe shew the Lords death: this is the pure and lawfull institution of this wonderfull Sacrament, in administration whereof we confesse and professe a true and reall presence of Christ our Lord, but yet such a one, as faith offereth to vs, not such as deuised transubstantiation teacheth. For we belieue, the faithfull doe eate the body of Christ in the Supper of the Lord, not by breaking it with the teeth of the body, but by perceiuing it with the sence and feeling of the Soule, sith the body of Christ is not that which is Visible in the Sacrament, but that which Faith spiritually apprehendeth, and offereth to vs: from whence it is true that if we belieue, we doe eat and partake, if we doe not belieue, we are destitute af all the fruit of it. We belieue consequently, that to drinke the Cuppe in the Sacrament, is to be partaker of the true blood of our Lord Iesus Christ, in the same manner as we affirmed of the body: for as the Author of it commanded concerning his body, so he did concerning his blood: which cōmādemēt ought neither to be dismembred nor maymed, according to the fancy of mans arbitrement: yea rather the institution ought to be kept as it was deliuered to vs: when therefore we haue bene partakers of the body and blood of Christ worthily, and haue communicated entirely, we acknowledge our selues to be reconciled, vnited to our Head of the same body, with certaine hope to be coheires in the Kingdome to come.
Wee belieue that the soules of the dead are either in blessednesse, or in damnation, according as euery one hath done: for assoon as they remoue out of the body they passe either to Christ or into hell: for as a man is [Page 7]found at his death, so he is iudged, and after this life there is neither power nor opportunity to repent: in this life there is a time of Grace, they therefore who be iustified here shall suffer no punishment hereafter: but they who being not iustified, doe dye are appoynted for euerlasting punishments. By which it is euident that the fiction of Purgatory is not to be admitted but in the truth it is determined, that euery one ought to repent in this life, and to obtaine remission of his sinnes by our Lord Iesus Christ, if he will be saued. And let this be the end.
This compendious and briefe Confession of vs we coniecture wil be a contradiction to them, who are pleased to slander maliciously accuse vs and vniustly persecute vs: But wee trust in our Lord Iesus Christ, and hope that he will not relinquish the cause of his faithfull ones, nor let the rod of wickednes lye vpon the let of the righteeous.
CONFESSIO FIDEI.
In nomine Patris, & Filij, & Spiritus Sancti.
CYRILLƲS Patriarcha Constantinopolitanus, sciscitantibus intelligere de Religione Ecclesiae Orientalis, id est Graca, quid credamus videlicet, quidque sentiamus de Articulis Orthodoxa fidei, nomine omnium Christianorum communiter, exponit breuem istam confessionem, vt sit in testimonium coram Deo & tota Ecclesia, sine simulatione, sed bona conscientia.
CREDIMVS vnum verum Deum Omnipotentem & Infinitum, Trinum in personis, Patrem, Filium, & Spiritum Sanctum. Patrem ingenitum, Filium genitum à Patre ante secula, Patri consubstantialem, Spiritum Sanctum à Patre per Filium procedentem, eandem habentem essentiam, quam Pater & Filius: istas tres Personas in vna essentia appellamus Sacresanctam Trinitatem, semper benedicendam, glorificandam atque ab omni creatura adorandam.
Credimus Scripturam Sacram esse [...], haberéque authorem Spiritum Sanctum non alium, cui [...] bere debemus fidem indubitatam. Scriptum enim est, habemus firmiorem propheticum sermonem, cui bene facitis attendere, quasi lucernae splédenti in caliginoso loco. Praeterea eius autoritatem esse superiorem Ecclesiae autoritate, nimis enim differens est, loqui Spiritum Sanctum, & linguam humanā, cum ista possit per ignorantiam [Page 10]errare, fallere & falli, Scriptura vero Diuina nec fallitur, nec errare potest, sed est infallibilis semper & certa.
Credimus Deum Opt. Max. ante mundi originem suos electos ad gloriam praedestinasse sine respectu ad illorum opera, nullámque causam impulsiuam ad istam electionem aliam esse, nisi beneplacitum & Diuinam misericordiam, similiter ante constitutionem huius seculi, reprobasse quos reprobauit, cuius reprobationis, si respexeris absolutum Ius Dei, voluntatem Dei esse causam, si autem Ius ordinatum respexeris, Iustitiam Dei esse causā: misericors enim est Dominus, & Iustus.
Credimus Deum Trinum, Patrem, Filium & Spiritū Sanctum esse Creatorem visibilium & inuisibilium: Inuisibilia vocamus Angelos, visibilia Coelum, & quae sub Coelo, & quia bonus est Creator naturo, omnia creauit bona, nec vnquam malum potest facere, & siquid malum est, illud esse diaboli & hominis. Debet enim esse nobis certa regula, quod Deus autor non est mali, nec culpa iusta ratione potest ei imputari.
Credimus omnia gubernari per Dei prouidentiam, quam adorare & non inuestigare debemus, cum sit supra captum nostrum, neque rationes ipsius possimus certè à nobismetipsis intelligere: in qua materia sentimus silentium, in humilitate potius amplexandum, quam plura loqui quae non aedificant.
Credimus primum hominem à Deo creatum cecidisse in Paradiso, quia neglecto Diuino praecepto, serpentis fraudulento obtēperauit consilio, indéque Originale pullulasse pecatum posteritati, ita vt nemo secundum carnem nascatur, qui non portet hoc pondus, fructusque suos in hac vita non sentiat.
Credimus Filium Dei Dominum nostrum Iesum Christum se exinanisse, hoc est in sua hypostasi humanam assumpsisse naturam, Spiritu Sancto conceptum, factúmque [Page 11]hominem in ventre semper Virginis Mariae, natúmque, passum, sepultum, & resurrectione glorificatum, salutem & gloriam omnibus fidelibus peperisse, quē expectamus vēturū viuos & mortuos indicare.
Credimus Dominum nostrum Iesum Christum sedere in dextra Patris, ibique pro nobis interpellare & intercedere, solum officio fungentem veri & legitimi Pontificis & Mediatoris, indéque solum curam gerere suorum & praeesse Ecclesiae, ipsam varijs benedictionibus ornando, foecundando.
Credimus, sine Fide neminem posse saluari: Fidem autem eam vocamus, quae est in Iesu Christo iustificans, quam vita & mors Christi Domini peperit, Euāgelium praedicat, & sine qua nemo potest placere Deo.
Credimus Ecclesiam quae vocatur Catholica Fideles in Christo continere vniuersaliter, qui vel defuncti in Patria sunt, vel adhuc in via peregrinantur, cuius Ecclesiae Caput, quia homo mortalis esse nulla ratione potest, ipse Dominus noster Iesus Christus solus caput est, ipséque clauum totius regiminis Ecclesiae in manu tenet, sed quoniā in via particulares Ecclesiae visibiles sunt, & in ordine vnaquaeque habet vnum primum, ipsum non esse propriè vocandum Caput particularis illius Ecclesiae, sed impropriè & hoc, quia in ipsa membrum est principale.
Credimus membra Ecclesiae Catholicae esse Sanctos ad vitam aeternam electos à quorum consortio excludi hypocritas, quamuis in particularibus Ecclesijs mistae cum tritico paleae inueniantur.
Credimus Spiritu sancto sanctificari & doceri Ecclesiam in via, ipse enim est verus Paracletus, quem mittit Christus à Patre, vt doceat veritatem, tenebrasque excutiat à mentibus fidelium. Certum enim est quod Ecclesia in via errare potest, falsum pro vero eligendo, à quo errore solius Spiritus sancti lumen & doctrina [Page 12]nos liberat, non mortalis hominis, quamuis mediante opera ministrantium Ecclesiae hoc possit fieri.
Credimus hominem iustificari perfidem, non ex operibus. Cum autem dicimus per fidem, intelligimus fidei correlatiuum, quod est Iustitia Christi, quam fides apprehendit, nobisque applicat ad salutem, hoc autem optime, sinéque operum praeiudicio stare cognoscimus, nam & opera non esse negligenda, esseque media necessaria & fidei nostrae testimonia, ad vocationis nostrae confirmationem, veritas ipsa nos docet. Ipsa vero per se esse sufficientia hominem saluare, in Tribunalique Christi comparere posse, vt excondigno salutem retribuant, hoc esse falsum testatur humana fragilitas, at Christi Iustitia applicata resipiscentibus, sola iustificat atque saluat Fidelem.
Credimus liberum arbitrium in non renatis esse mortuum, quia nil boni possunt facere, & quidquid faciunt esse peccatum, in renatis vero esse per gratiam Spiritus sancti arbitrium excitatum, & operatur quidem, sed non sine gratiae auxilio. Ergo vt homo faciat bonū, praeuenit gratia arbitrium, quod sine gratia inuenitur esse vulneratum, vt à latronibus ille qui descendebat ab Hierusalem, ita vt nihil ex se vel possit, vel faciat.
Credimus Euangelica Sacramenta esse in Ecclesia quae Dominus instituit in Euangelio, & ipsa esse duo, ampliorem numerum Sacramentorum non habemus, quia institutor non plura tradidit. Porrò constare verbo & elemento, esséque signacula promissionum Dei, & conferre gratiam non dubitamus, vt autem Sacramentum sit integrum, opus esse vt concurrat res terrena, & actio externa, cum vsu rei terrenae à Christo Domino instituto, atque cum vera side coniuncto, quia fidei defectus praeiudicat integritati Sacramenti.
Credimus Baptismum esse Sacramentum à Domino institutum, quem nisi quis susceperit communionem [Page 13]non habet cum Christo, cuius ex morte sepultura & gloriosa resurrectione promanat tota virtus & efficacia baptismi, ideo ea forma qua Dominus praecepit in Euangelio Baptizatis, certi sumus quod remittantur peccata tum originalia tum actualia, ita vt quiqui abluti fuerint in nomine Patris & Filis & Spiritus sancti regenerati, mundati, atque iustificati sint. De iteratione autem non habemus mādatum, vt it eretur baptismus, ideo abstinendum esse ab hoc inconuenienti.
Credimus alterum Sacramentum à Domino institutum esse illud quod vocamus Encharistiam. Nocte enim qua tradebat semetipsum, accipiēs panem & benedicens dicebat Apostolis, accipite, & manducate, hoo est Corpus meum, & accepto Calice gratias agens dicebat, bibite ex hoc omnes, hic est sanguis meus, qui pro multis effunditur, hoc facite in meam commemorationem, & addit Paulus, quotiescunque enim comederitis panem hunc, & calicem hunc biberitis, mortem Domini annunciabitis, ista est simplex vera & legitima huius mirabilis Sacramenti institutio, in cuius administratione praesentiam veram realem Christi Domini confitemur & profitemur. At illam quam Fides nobis offert, non autem quam excogitaa, docer transubstantiatio. Credimus enim fideles Corpus Christi manducare in Coena Domini, non dente materiali terendo, sed animae sensu percipiendo, cum Corpus Christi, non sit illud quod oculis in Sacramento sese offert, sed illud quod Spiritualiter Fides apprehendit, nobisque praebet, vnde verum est, si credimus, manducamus & participamus, si non credimus, omni fructu destituimur, consequenter calicem bibere in Sacramento, esse Sanguinem verum Domini nostri Iesu Christi communicare, eo modo sicut & de corpore asseruimus, institutor enim sicut de suo corpore, ita de suo sanguine mandauit, quod mandatū nec lacerarinec [Page 14]mutilari debet pro [...]bito humani arbitrij, imo seru [...] debet institutio prout nobrs tradit [...] est, vbi ergo participauerimus dignè, & communicauerimus [...] corpus & sanguinem Christi in Sacramento, fatemu [...] esse iam nos reconcilia tos, capiti nostro vnitos, & [...], cum certa spe & cohaeredes futuros in Regno.
Oredimus defunctorum animas esse vel in beatitudine vel in damnatione, prout quisque gesserit, migrartes enim ex corporibus illico vel ad Christum, vel in infernum migrare, quia qualis vnusquisque in morte inuenitur, talis iudicatur, post hanc vitam nulla est facultas resipiscentiae, in hae vita tempus est gratiae, ideo qui hic iustificantur nullam amplius posthac subibunt poenam, qui autem non iustificati moriuntur, in poenas destinantur aeternas. Ex quo patet commentum de Purgaterio non esse admittendum, sed in veritate statuendùm, vnumquemque debére in hoc seculo rescipiscere, remissionémque peccatorum per Dominum nostrum Iesum Christum impetrare, si saluus esse voluerit. Et hic finis sit.
Compendiosam istam confessionem nostram futura coniecturamus in signum contradictionis apud illos, quibus placet nos calumniari & iniusté perfequi. At nos confidimus in Domino nostro Iesu Christo, & speramus quòd causam suorū fidelium non relinquet, neque virgam malignorum super sortem iustorum.