§. 1. A.

THen thus: Tell me Hipposerus, doe you know the Re­ceipt which is called Acopum? Doe you also know it's Nature? Whether it is a Medicine to be taken inwardly, or an Vnguent to be applyed outwardly?

Sir, to make answere to two things in one, I say; first, it is impossible for any man to become a perfect Ferrier, Two things to bee ob­served in e­very Cure. who shall not first know unto what diseases a Horse is enclinable: secondly, what be the causes of every disease in particular: thirdly, how, and by what waies and meanes these diseases doe accrew: fourthly, the signes how to know and distinguish them: and lastly, the meanes and manner how to cure them. Secondly as touching this your demand of Acopum, and it's true Nature; I answere, that I doe know it well, to be a most soveraigne thing in some causes; for I have occasion to make use thereof very often: It is both a medicine to bee taken in­wardly, and an Oyntment to be applyed outwardly. Master Blun­devile was the first that ever brought the knowledge and Vse thereof into our Kingdome, who had it from the Italians when hee lived in Naples, as himselfe told me, where it is very much used; and he also [Page 65] affirmed that it was formerly in much use and high esteeme among the ancient Grecian Ferriers, who gave it the name of Acopum. Master Markham hath also in his Master-peece the same Receipt, but he would make it his owne, for he giveth it no name, but stileth it in his nine­tininth Chapter of his Cures Physicall, thus: A most famous Receipt, which is both a singular Drench, and a singular Oyntment: And in reci­ting the Ingredients, he maketh the quantities but the fourth part of what Master Blundevile setteth downe, which is in effect one and the same thing: and he relateth likewise the same Vertues thereof, which Master Blundevile doth; onely Master Markham saith that foure or five Spoonfulls hereof must be given with a pint of Sack or Malme­sey: as also that the lymbes of the Horse being bathed therewith, it is good against wearinesse and tyrednesse; and lastly hee saith that be­ing given in Wine, it cureth all kind of inward maladies; all which particulars, Master Blundevile nameth not.

What is the reason that Master Markham doth set downe but aquarter of the Ingredients in the making of this famous Receipt?

His reason is good, Sir, and I will approve of his judge­ment therein: for if any man should make so great a quantity toge­ther as Master Blundevile doth set downe in his Receipt, it would not be spent whilst it were good, but only by such a Ferrier as hath daily use thereof, and such an one wilbe hardly found; for the new­er and oftner such like Receipts are made, the better they be, and yeil­deth more profit when they be administred.

Is this Receipt hot or cold in operation?

It is hot in working, otherwise it could not hold good in cases of Surfets, Tyrednesse and of Convulsions and the like, where­in consisteth it's chiefest vertue, being administred outwardly; but being administred inwardly, it is not altogether so hot, for then the ancient Ferriers would not have prescribed to have it taken with Sack or Muskadine, both which are very hot; for it helpeth all Fea­vers for the most part; but yet I would not have it administred in­wardly in so great a proportion as Master Markham adviseth, for hee (as I said before) alloweth foure or five Spoonefulls to a pint of Sack or Muskadine; unlesse it bee to bee given in very cold Causes, for the Wine it selfe is very hot. But both my Master and my selfe doe commonly administer two Spoonefulls at the most at a time, in a pint of white Wine, or with a quart of good Ale or Beere, which we hold to be much better and safer, and we have found it evermore to worke to our hearts desire: insomuch as wee have both wrought admirable Cures therewith, I doe assure you.

I pray deliver mee this Receipt, just as Master Markham hath it.

I shall Sir, most willingly: but then you must understand that the quantities will be more intricate to weigh forth, whereby to make it the more punctually.

Acopum.Take Euforbium, halfe an ounce, Castoreum, one ounce, Adraces halfe a quarter of a pound, Bdelium, halfe an ounce, and halfe a quar­ter, Pepper one ounce, Foxe grease halfe an ounce, Opoponax one ounce, Lacerpitium three quarters of an ounce, Amoniacum halfe a quarter of a pound, Pigeons dung as much, Galbanum halfe an ounce, Nitrum one ounce and a quarter, Spuma nitri, three quarters of an ounce, Ladanum a quarter of a pound, Perethrum and Bay-berries, of each three quarters of an ounce, Cardanum, two ounces, seed of Rue halfe a quarter of a pound. Seed of Agnus Castus, one ounce, Parse­ly-seed halfe an ounce, dryed roots of Ireos, or Flour de luce, one ounce and a quarter, Isope and Carpo Balsamum, of each a quarter of a pound. Oyle of Floure de luce a quarter of a pound, and halfe a quar­ter, of Oyle de Bay as much, Oyle of Spikenard, three quarters of a pound, Oleum Cyprinum, three quarters of a pound, and halfe a quar­ter, the oldest oyle Olive, a pound and a halfe, Piche a quarter of a pound, and two ounces, Turpentine a quarter of a pound: melt of e­very of these that will be molten severally by themselves, and then mingle them with the residue of the ingredients being first beaten to fine powder, and after they have boyled a little on the fire, take it off, and straine it into a cleane gally-pot, and so keep it for your use, and when you are to administer of it to your horse, let it be given as be­fore is shewed, and if by long keeping it waxe hard, then soften it with the oyle of Cypresse, so that it may be good and thick, ✚.

What are the vertues of this Receipt, called Acopum?

Acopum its vertues.Master Blundevile and Master Markham doe tell you, to wit: it helpeth convulsions in the sinewes and muskles, it draweth forth all noysome humours, and disburdeneth the head of all griefe, being put up with a long Goose feather annoynted in it into the nostrils of the horse: it healeth (I say) all manner of convulsions, cramps, num­nesse, and stringholts, colds, and rhumes: it dissolveth the liver be­ing troubled with oppilations and obstructions: it helpeth Siccity and Aridity in the body: it banisheth all wearinesse and tyrednesse, if his limbs be bathed with this medicine: and lastly, it cureth all sorts of inward diseases, if it be administred by way of Drench to a horse in Wine, strong Beere, or good Ale.

§ 2. A.

DOe you know another Receipt, which is called Arman?

Yea sir, it is a confection in great request in France among the Ferriers there, and now we have it here in Eng­land: and it is a most soveraigne medicine to be given to a sick horse, and it is to be administred inwardly.

What be the principall vertues of the Arman?

It provoketh a good appetite to meat, and causeth good digestion; it taketh away all annoyances which doe either clog or o­therwise [Page 67] trouble the stomacke; it cooleth the inward heat in the body; it helpeth all Agues and Feavers; it is most excellent against Surfets; it is an infallible remedy for the Quinsie or Suinancy in the throat comming of cold taken; and very good against the Tranchaisons or gripings in the belly or guts proceeding of winde and such like inward infirmities.

How doe you make this confection?

Take hony of roses a pound & half, Arman. 1 the crums of the whit­est manchet made into fine powder, quantum sufficiet, then take Nut­megs, cordiall powder, & cinamon, of each an ounce & half: mixe all these being made first into fine powder, then put it into a clean glasse or gally-pot, and moysten it with Rose vineger, that it may be of a thicke substance like unto pap, all your Ingredients being very well incorporate together, and so keep it to your use. And when you have occasion to administer of this Arman, take some of it upon the end of a Buls pizell, and put it into his mouth, and let him champ there­on: but if you give it to a horse that hath a Quinsy, let him gulp down two horns full, as also to a horse that hath a Fever, and is much distempered therewith, and it will give him health, in two or three times taking, and give him also an appetite to his meat. But then you must remember that he take this in a morning fasting, and let him fast three or foure houres after, and his drinke must be for some time ei­ther sweet Mashes, or white water, and a spare dyet, till he be some­what recovered.

I pray what is that thing you call cordiall powder, and whereof is it made?

Cordiall-powder hath not its name for nought, for its nature jumps right with its Epitheton: this we have also from the French, who use to giue it to their sicke horses which are farre spent and enfee­bled with a consumption in the flesh, liver, &c. for it is a most restau­rative Cordiall, comforting the vitall parts, and spirits animall, and re­storeth it to Sanity: and thus it is made.

Take Cinamon and Sugar, of each, foure ounces, Cordiall Powder. and of fine Bole­armonack two ounces: let all these be made into very fine powder, and mixe them well together: keep this powder from ayre made up close till you have occasion to make use thereof. I doe use of this powder in very many of my Receits, as you shall hereafter under­stand.

Have you any other sorts of Cordials besides this?

Yes Sir, I have another powder which the French doe call Duke, or Duche-powder, which little differeth from the former cordi­all powder, onely it wanteth the Bolearmonack. We have also ano­ther Cordiall, which is an Electuary, and is known by the name of Ele­ctuarium Theriacum, by reason it hath much treacle in it; and we doe compound this Electuary thus.

Take syrrop of Violets, syrrop of Lemons, and syrrop of Roses, Electuarii Theriacū. [Page 68] of each halfe an ounce, adding thereunto of your best London treacle, one ounce, mingle them well together, and it is a most soveraign Cor­diall to be administred unto Horses which are dangerously sicke and weake.

Why doe you rather choose London Treacle before Venice Treacle, Treacle of Genoa, or our common Treacle.

This London Treacle I doe select for all medicines for hor­ses, rather then any other Treacle whatsoever, by reason it worketh the best with them of any other, for that Venice Treacle, and that of Genoa are too hot; and your common Treacle is nothing at all worth, it being made onely of the drosse and excrements of Molasses, which is none other thing then the drosse of the refining of Sugar, for I have made tryall of them all: but this London Treacle I do finde to be most agreeable to the nature of Horses: wherefore both my selfe and my Master doe use none other, unlesse in some particular causes, wherein we administer sometimes the Treacle of Venice.

What meane you by your white water?

White water White water is none other thing then water made hot in a 1 cleane kettle, and when it is hot enough, I use to put into it a quanti­ty of Wheat-bran, and sometimes Barly-meale, which I commonly prescribe to sicke Horses in physicke, in stead of Mashes, for that when Mashes are either not to be had, or that they are not necessary for my purpose (as in some cases they be not) or to prevent giving of cold water; I make use of this white water, which must evermore be given bloud warme, according as our ensuing discourse shall declare.

But now let us returne to this confection you call your Ar­man: What other vertues hath it more than what you have already deli­vered?

Truely Sir, I have shewed you before in a manner all its vertues: and to recite them again, I say, it is most soveraign for Hor­ses that have taken a cold, or have inflamations or Pustils under their Chaule, or thereby are troubled with the Quinsye or Squinansye: These maladies this Confection will help, if it be given good and thick with a horne, for having the Quinsye in the throat, if in giving this Arman, it provoketh him not to cough, then take some of the confe­ction upon the end of a Buls-Pizell, and put it a pretty way down his throat, by which meanes he strayning to cough, may breake the im­post humation in his throat, whereby the Horse may be in the lesse danger of his life; and causing the Matterative stuffe to vent out, the Horse will be in short time perfectly cured.

Are there any other kindes of Arman besides this?

Onely one more Sir, which also the French have brought amongst us, which is not altogether so operative as the former: and this it is, Arman. 2 viz. Take hony one pound, and warm it a little upon the fire, then take half a pinte of Vineger, & a little Wheate flower, and one penny-worth of Pepper in fine powder, mixe all these, and admini­ster [Page 69] it bloud warme, as aforesaid.

With what manner of vineger doe you usually make up your medicines?

When we speake in generall termes of vineger to be put in­to any medicines to be given, either for inward or outward diseases; we alwayes intend it must the strongest and best white wine vineger; Ʋineger. but if it be of any other kinde of vineger or verjuyce, we then do give it in the Receit, its proper name.

As touching hony wherewith you make up your medicines, what manner of honey must it be?

That should be made of life-honey onely, Honey. and of none o­ther, unlesse common honey, or course-honey, be in the Receit particular­ly named, as it many times is.

Let us now goe on to somewhat else: what hold you good for the head-ach in a horse?

§ 3. A.

VVE administer according to the nature of the Disease, for that the pains in the head are severall and distinct diseases, and therefore have severall cures.

Which be those severall maladies, and how may a man know and distinguish them each from other?

A judicious and cautelous observation is it whereby we doe know and distinguish all sorts of maladies: for the Horse being a dumb creature without reason and speech, Ach in th [...] head. is not able (like as man can) to tell you where his paine lyeth, and therefore it must be the eye and judgement of the Ferrier, to be able to observe his true symp­tomes whereby he may goe right to accomplish the cure, otherwise he must of necessity faile. Wherefore as the diseases of the head are of severall natures, every of which doe beget his paine, even so are the medicines which we apply as different. Now these paines in the head doe proceed from the braine, or from the panicles, by which meanes they doe properly breed Megrims, the Night-Mare, Glan­ders, Rhumes, Cathars, Apoplexies, Convulsions, Palsies, Fren­zies, the Takings, Sleeping-evill, Madnesse, and the like: all which commonly doe proceed from the substance of the braine, or from the panicles; for that from the cels and ventricles through which the spi­rits animall doe give feeling and moving to all the parts and members of the body, the diseases before mentioned doe engender.

From what grounds hath this head-ach its source or Organ?

The grounds and causes are many Sir: some being inward, and some outward, as by meanes of some cholericke humour which may be predominant, by which meanes it doth oft times breed in the panicles, or else of some heat taken through violent labour, and some­times [Page 70] by some blow given him in the Poule or other place of the head; and some doe hold it cometh of some evill savour, which I al­so doe allow of; sometimes it cometh of Crudityes and raw digesti­ons from the Stomack, by reason there is so great a sympathy betwixt the Stomack and the Braine, whereby they doe continually partici­pate as well of their good dispositions in health, as of their domages in the least of their infirmities and sufferings.

But many there be who do hold stifly that a Horse hath no Braines at all, but only a kind of windy liquid substance not unlike unto a kind of jelly?

That opinion is most erronious, for a horse hath a most per­fect brain, Braines. like as hath any other living Creature, albeit indeede not in so great a proportion as other Animals have. For naturall reason doth dictate that if a Horse had not his Braine, it were impossible for him to have semblable diseases in the Head, which both Man and all other living things have, who are (I say) likewise subject to such Maladies; which could not proceed from any other Causes but on­ly from those before premised. Neither were it possible for a Horse to endure so great labour and toyle, or to undergoe so great and so many waies, such extreame violences as daily he doth, if Nature had not endowed him with his organal parts correspōdent to his strength ablenesse, and activity of body: neyther could he have any memory at all, but appeare a Lump of flesh and bones without motion. But not to verberate the Ayre; I affirme that a Horse hath his Braines in as compleate measure, albeit (as I have but now touched) not in so great a quantity as other beasts have, but in as ample, solid, and sufficient manner as any other living creature, together with the skinne, which Artists doe call Pannicles, which doth adhere to the bones conducted by the Cells or Conducts by which the Vitall Spirits doe give some feeling, sense, & motion to the body, from whence proceeds the causes of diseases and sicknesse. And for your better satisfaction if you please I may be present when at any time your Huntsman is to cut up a horse for your Hounds, I will let you see most plainely both the Braine and the Pannicles.

How shall a man come to know when a Horse hath any pain in his Head?

The Symtomes are most evident, if you eye him well: for his eyes will swell and become watry, and ofttimes Matterative; he will hang downe his head, as if he were sleepy; he will pricke his eares upright, forsake his meate, and his sight will be dim.

What cure have you for the Head-ach?

Some use to perfume his head with the stalkes of Garlick and Frankinsence, two or three severall times, which will bring much liquid stuffe forth of his Nose, which indeed is very good, and I doe practise it sometimes as occasion is offred; but then withall after I have perfumed him, I use to let him bloud in the Palate vein, & in both [Page 71] the weeping veins: And when I do not perfume him, I take the longest feather of a Goose, and moysten it well, in Oyle de bay, which I put up into his Nosthrills; and this doth both open and purge his head a­bundantly, and then keeping his Poule warm, together with moderate dyet, for three or foure daies after, I then take bloud from the Neck­veine; and give him all the time of his Cure either good Mashes or white-water, and undoubtedly he will doe well. But sometimes if I find his head-ach cometh of cold taken, wherein he may bee encli­ning to an Ague or Feaver, I then besides drawing bloud, do both ap­ply Acopum to his Nose, like as I said for Oyle de-Bay, and also give him thereof to drinke, as I have formerly prescribed. If he be Fea­verish: take a pint of Muskadine, the yolke of five new-laid Egges, and a head of Garlick picked, pilled, and brused, Pepper, Cinamon, and Nutmegges, and somuch as well I can take up upon a Tester or six-penny peece: these all made into very fine powder; give him to drinke bloud warme three daies together, and let him fast six houres after. ✚.

§. 4. A.

HOw doe you make Aegiptiacum?

Wee have two sorts of them; the first we doe call Black-Aegyptiacum; the second Red, both Corrosives; for their natures be to corrode and eate away al manner of dead, prowd, rotten, and naughty flesh out of any old Sore or Vlcer, and they do also cleanse and prepare a Sore, make it apt to be healed with carni­fying or healing Salves. The first is thus made.

Take course English Hony two pound, Verdegrease, Diers-Gals, and Green Coperas, of each four ounces: Aegypti­cum. Let all these be made into powder and mixed together, and so put into an earthen pot, and set upon the fire, keeping it with continuall stirring; but so soone as it 1 beginneth to boyl, take it from the fire, & let it cool; for by suffering it long to boyle, it will become red, which will not be so good. This black Aegiptiacum besides what I have said before of it's vertues, is also very good to dissolve the hooves of the Horse, if they bee too dry or hard: so as it will cause the corruption if any be in the Foote, to as­cend above at the Cronet where the haire is, and also to restore and repaire the hoofe of the horse when the Sole is taken out: and in this na­ture you must use this Vnguent, but onely at the third dressing after you have taken out the sole, ✚. Now the second Aegiptiacum is made thus.

Take course Hony two pounds, Verdegrease foure ounces, Aegypti [...] cum. green-Coperas two ounces, beate the Verdegrease and the Coperas very small to powder, then put it into an earthen put, and put unto it a lit­tle 2 Vineger, and so boyle it very well till it become red, and keepe it for your use. ✚. Another.

§. 5. A.

What is your best cure for a Horse that is Accloyed?

Sir, this Malady so called by the French, is the same we call prick't with a Naile in the Shooing, and it is easily cured if the Ferrier be skilfull, and that it be also taken in time. And thus wee worke, viz. First, take out the sole, and cut the hoofe round about the place pricked that no corruption be remaining behind, Accloy. fil it up a­gaine with hurds steeped in whites of Egges, dresse him thus three dayes together, then heale the sore up with salt made into fine pow­der mingled with Vineger, or else with Diers Galls, or with Mirtle, or Lentils, and annoint the outside of the hoofe with black Aegiptia­cum. ✚. Another.

Take a litle cotten or bumbast and steepe it in browne Sugarcandy molten, and apply it with a hot Iron to the place. And if the foot be bruised with the shoo, or that the femall horn be hurt or bruised, then cleanse and prepare the place first, and then apply unto it a quick or live Spider with a hot Iron, and so tack on the shoo, and let him not come into any wet till he be fully cured. ✚. Another.

Take Salet Oyle, Turpentine, and Rosinpitch, all molten toge­ther; put it very hot into the hole where hee is pricked, and so stop the hole with Hurdes. ✚.

§. 6. A.

WHat Receipts have you for all inward diseases?

The Spaniards have one Medicine with which they Cure all Diseases; and albeit I say they doe cure all dis­eases with this one Receipt, yet my meaning is, that looke whatsoe­ver the infirmity be, they administer none other thing but that one, whether it cure or kill: and this they call a Cataplasme, of which they make no small account, which they give as Pills.

Take wheate meale twelve pound, Annisseeds foure ounces, in fine powder, All diseases a Cata­plasme. Brimstone in powder three ounces, Fennugrick in powder three ounces et sem. Comin in powder three ounces, Honey two 1 pound, good Sallet-Oyle one pound, et sem. of good Sack as much, or so much as will suffice to make it into a Cataplasme or Paste. This Cataplasme (say the Spaniards) or Medicine, is all of it to be put into a stone pot well nealed, and so boyled untill it be thick, so as when it is cold it may bee made up into Pills or Balls; whilst it is in boyling it must be kept with continuall stirring, otherwise it will burne too; and being thus made into pills, give him of them every morning fasting, for foure or five dayes together, or longer if you shall see cause; for that (say they) it is most soveraigne against many Mala­dyes. It killeth all sorts of wormes within the body of the horse; it al­so [Page 73] helpeth the diseases of the Lungs, and inward parts, and it is gene­rally good for any inward cause: and an excellent locall plaister to be applied outwardly. It is the Spaniards principall Physick for their Iennets, and Barbaryes. I have made tryall thereof sundry times, and I doe find it to be most usefull in all cold Causes: and truly it is most Cordiall, for it doth bring a leane and poor Horse into flesh and good state in a little time. ✚.

A second Receipt I also have, which cureth all inward Diseases, which I had of a Rurall Smith, who was cryed Vp for a famous Fer­rier all the Countrey about: All diseas a Catapl [...] me. So I having heard so great a report of his skill, addressed my selfe unto him, & when I had conferred with him, putting him hard to it in the matter of his Art; he at last ingenu­ously confessed unto me that he had but this one only drinke, which gat him all his knowledge and credit, which with much pressure I wrested from him, under condition that I should never make him knowne, wherein I have precisely kept my word. And the Cure and Drinke is this: viz. Take wheate meale six pound, or as much as will bring the Ingredients into a stiffe paste, Anniseeds two ounces, Co­min two ounces, wild or bastard Saffron one dramme & half, white Wine foure pints, Fennugreke one ounce & two drammes, Brim­stone one ounce & half; good Sallet Oyle one pint & two ounces, English hony one pound & half; powder and searce what is to bee powdred and searced, then compound them together, and make it into one body into a stiffe paste, and so keep it in a cleane Gally-pot close covered for your use. And when you have occasion to use it, make a Pill or Ball thereof, of the bignesse of a mans fist, and so lave and dissolve it into two Gallons of faire water; till it bee all molten into the water: Let your Horse drinke hereof so long as you please hoth morning and evening, and let him have none other water to drinke, to the end he may be the better compelled to drinke of the Water, which in the end he will doe, and like it very well. ✚.

Of this cataplasme I have made often use, and I doe finde it to be a soveraigne Receit for many infirmities; it also preventeth much in­ward sicknesse; it raiseth and battleth a Horse much better than either Grasse or Provender; and it giveth him Life, Spirit, and Stomacke, and keepeth him in perfect health.

Our ordinary Country Smiths have yet another drinke, which they administer upon all inward causes, and truely it doth oft times hit right, especially in cold causes, viz.

Take Fennugrick, Turmerick, Graynes, Anniseeds, Licoris, All Disea­ses. Long-Pepper, Comin, of each halfe an ounce, and of Saffron one dram: and of hearbs, take Selendine, Rue, Pelamontine, Isop, Time and 3 Rosemary, of each, like much, but yet no more then will make of them all but halfe a handfull, First chop small these hearbs, and put them into a quart of good Ale, and when they have boyled a while, put in your spices finely powdred, and then boyle them a­gain [Page 74] with a small fire; then take it from the fire, and straine it, and put to the liquor the quantity of an egge of sweet butter, and halfe an ounce of London Treacle, give this to your Horse bloud warme, and and ride him moderately after, and then set him up warme and well littered, letting him fast foure houres after, and let his drink be either a sweet Mash or white water. This is very good against Feavers, Colds, and the Yellowes. ✚.

§ 7. A.

I Met not long since with a disease called S. Anthonies Fire, I pray is there such a disease?

Yes Sir, there is such a disease, but it so seldome comes to a Horse, as that few Ferriers have had occasion to cure the same; by reason very few know it, and therefore marvell not in that they cannot cure the same. Saint Anthonies Fire is that burneth in the flesh most extreamely, and hath in it so great malice, as that look what you do apply to the place (unlesse you hit the cure right) it will doe it no good, but more harme, much after the nature of a Noli me tan­gere, or wild-fire. This disease is also called by some the shingles in a Horse, and like as the Disease it self is very rare, and seldome known in a Horse, so also is the cure as uncouth and strange. For my part I will not professe my selfe to be any whit more skilfull then indeed I am: this disease I never yet observed to be in any Horse: I only have heard some Ferriers talke thereof, but yet I never heard but of one man, who was ever truely able to make a Cure thereof; and this was a Knight of very good worship who taught it me, he averring confi­dently unto me; how that he had cured three severall Horses of this very malady. I asked him whence this disease proceedeth, and what are the symptomes whereby to know the same; he answered me, that he could never rightly come to be mathematically assured how it breedeth, or occurreth to the Horse, but by guesse onely, and that himselfe thought it came from some cholericke bloud passing to his head into the braine and pannicles, which causeth the Horse to become starke mad, yea so truely mad, as to be deprived of his memory, in not knowing his Keeper, or any other body else; yea his fury is so great, as to resist stripes, to slight and contemne correction be it never so severe, he will endeavour what in him lyeth to perpetrate what mischiefe he is able, by biting, striking, and endangering whom or whatsoever thing commeth into his way, and when he cannot have his minde of living creatures whereupon to wreake his malice, then will he doe it partly upon dead creatures, by biting and gnawing the Manger and Racke-staves, and by striking the posts and barres with his heeles, and partly upon himselfe by beating his head against the wall and ground; S. Antho­nies fire. he will also forsake both his meat and sleep, or na­turall rest, untill he dyeth, if he be not in time cured, which is thus.

Take first help enough, and cast him, which done, take a worme which groweth in a Fullers Teasell, and put this worme alive, and with­out any hurt into a quill: then slit the skin of the fore-head of the horse under the fore-top, and open the same round about with your cornet, making a concavity an inch round every way and better, betwixt the skin and the bone: which done, blow the said Worme out of the quill into the place which you made hollow as aforesaid; but take heed you doe not kill the Worme in stitching up the skin againe, be­cause that the Worme may not get forth: and after twenty dayes the Worm will dye, and in that time the Horse will be throughly cured. This cure was taught me by the aforesaid Noble Knight, with which he affirmed to me, that he had cured 3 or 4 horses.

§ 8. A.

VVHat say you to an Anticor?

Sir, I say it is a disease whereunto Hor­ses are oft times enclined, and it commeth sundry wayes, to wit, sometimes with too much feeding without exercise, sometimes of too hard and immoderate riding or other labour; both which waies the bloud of the creature becommeth corrupted and inflamed, which maketh its residence in and about the heart, which if it should not have a way to make its vent, it would quickly kill him, by which meanes many good Horses dye suddenly, and the cause unknowne. This Disease is apparent to the eye by a swelling which will arise in the middle of the breast just against the heart from whence it taketh its name, which if it be not soone prevented, will ascend to the throat, and then it is certaine death. It commeth likewise by surfets taken by heats and colds, sometimes also by Feavers, which are malignant, and sometimes againe by feeding upon unwholesome meats. The signes to know this disease before the swelling doe appeare are these: he will be sicke and grone many times when he is layed, he will hang down his head, and forsake his meat; and then if he should desire to eate, what meat he loveth best, whether Hay, Grasse, Provender, or Bread, lay it upon the ground before him, and if he hath a minde to eate thereof, albeit he make proffer to bring his mouth towards it, yet he shall not be able to reach it, but will sooner famish: when you doe perceive the swelling to appeare, first draw bloud from both the Plate-veynes, but if you cannot finde them, then let him bloud on both sides of the necke to a good proportion; which done, you may give him the drinke of Diapente with Beere or Ale, putting thereinto one ounce of browne sugar candy, and halfe an ounce of London Treacle, which will drive the sicknesse and griefe from his heart; which done, annoynt the swelling with this Oyntment.

Take Hogges grease, Bores greace, and Basilicon, Anticor. of each three ounces, incorporate all these well into one body, and annoynt and [Page 76] rub the swelling therewith every day till it come to a softnesse, and then open it, and let forth all the corrupted matter: then wash the Sore with your Coperas water mentioned in lib. 2. cap. 10. § 4. and then put in your green Oyntment prescribed you in capite ibidem, and it will be soon whole. ✚ Thus have I cured many Horses of this Dis­ease, and I never failed if the Horse had not been swelled too high towards the throat or necke, before I took him in hand. ✚ But Ma­ster Blundeviles and Master Markhams cure for an Anticor, is thus.

First they let him bloud in the plate-veins, and then they give him this drinke. Take a quart of Malmesey, and put thereto halfe a quar­terne of Sugar, and of Cinamon two ounces, and so give it him bloud-warme, and keep him warme in the Stable, especially his breast, that no winde doe offend him; and for his drinke, let it be warm Ma­shes, and such meat as he will eate. And if the swelling doe appeare, then besides letting him bloud, they doe strike the swelling in divers places with their flegme, that the corruption may goe forth, and an­noynt the place with warme Hogges grease, and that will cause it to weare away, or else grow to a head if it be kept warme. Thus Master Blundevile, and Master Markhams cure is in effect the very same. Ma­ster Markham also prescribeth Malmesey and Diapente, which is used also by others, and it is very good: and he also saith that some do ad­minister Doctor Stephens water, whith he affirmeth he hath seen to have wrought in this kinde strange effects. For my part I submit, for that these Receits seeme very probable; howsoever I never did ex­periment any but that onely which I first inserted, which I had of a famous Ferrier in France, and therefore I finding mine to be infalli­ble, made tryall of none other.

§ 9. A.

Attaint upper. VVHat is that you doe call an Vpper Attaint?

It is none other thing but a swelling of the master or Back-sinew of the fore-legge above the Pastern-joynt, and most commonly commeth by an over-reach; that is, when the Horse in running either down a hill, or upon deeps, or upon or over-thwart high furrowes of plowed lands, or upon other evill or uneven grounds, doe strike the toe of his hinder-foot against the great sinew of the fore-leg. This I say, we terme an Vpper Attaint.

How may a man come to know assuredly that the griefe ly­eth in that sinew?

Your eye and hand (Sir) will shew it you very palpably; for the sinew will swell, and burne, and be sore, and the Horse will hault therewith.

What cure have you for it?

We use to apply to the place a charge restringent which must be siccative.

I should rather think that by applying suppling or mollifying Oyles or Vnguents, you might cure it sooner and much better.

Herein Sir, under your favour you are much mistaken: For all things that are suppling are most noxious unto these kinde of Maladies, by reason that all Oyles and unguents will cause the Sinew to swell much more than otherwise; and therefore we do apply sic­cative and drying things. Some use Cauterizings, which indeede will cure, and set the Horse upright againe, but therein are two incon­veniences; to wit: First, albeit it taketh away his paine so as hee de­sisteth from haulting, yet will the place be ever after swelled, which wilbe a continuall eye-sore, during his life; Secondly, the markes and stroakes where the Iron went wilbe ever after seene, making the haire of a different colour; both which are great blemishes to the Horse.

Wherein then consisteth your best Cure in this case?

I alwaies use for a Sorance of this nature to apply this en­suing Charge.

Take Cantharides two ounces, Masticke foure penniworth, Attaint [...] per or ba [...] sinew spra [...] Ve­nice Turpentine two penniworth, Euforbium foure drammes, Black-Rosin six ounces, Aqua-fortis two drammes: beate the Cantharides and Euforbium into fine powder; then first melt the Masticke and Black-Rosin, then put in your Turpentine, which so soone as it is molten, put in your Cantharides and Euforbium, and let all boyle together, keeping them stirring, and have a speciall care it boyle not over; and when you have taken it from the fire, put in your Aqua-fortis, and so stir them well together, and put it into a glasse or gally-pot, and so keepe it for your use. And when you have occasion to use the same, first wash and bath the grieved place well, then with your Splatter, spread it upon the place being made warme, and clap flox upon it of the same colour, and give him rest, and he will doe well. But he must have time, and after a weeke that hee hath beene thus charged, let him be put forth to grasse if it be not in Winter, or the Winter or cold weather approaching. ✚. Another.

Take the whites of two new-layed Egges, and the powder of Bole-Armonack, and the best and strongest white Wine Vineger, incor­porate these very well together with the powder of Sanguis draco­nis, and having shaven away the haire as aforesaid, spread it good and thick upon the grieved place, adding still more every three daies for fifteene dayes together, and then put him forth to grasse, and let him run a whole March, and after so long as you shall thinke to bee sufficient, and he wilbe sound againe. ✚. This I have also made try­all of, and I have found it to be right good.

A French Marshall taught me a Medicine for an Attaint or Over-reach, whereof I did never make use; howbeit he protested unto me he thought it one of the best cures that he could ever know, and I my selfe saw him dresse a Horse therewith, but how the Horse became [Page 78] cured I had not time to know, by reason I departed from Orleans be­fore the Cure was performed. And the Cure was this. Take one or two handfuls of Saxafrage, and all the Sewet of a Loine of Mut­ton, and a pint of white Wine; chop the Hearb, and mince the Sew­et very small; and so boyle all these together, which being thus well boyled, take a sufficient quantity of Horse-dung newly made by a Horse that goeth to grasse, and putting it to the other Ingredients, worke it to a Salve, and apply it plaister-wise to the place good hot, renewing it twice every day for so long time as you shall think to be convenient.

Now Master Blundevile, and Master Markham doe both agree in the Cure of an Attaint which is thus: First, wash and bath the place with warme Water, and shave the haire so farre as the swelling go­eth; then scarrifie the sore place with the point of a Razor, that the bloud may issue forth: Then take Cantharides and Euforbium, of each halfe an ounce, powdered, and mingle them together with a quarterne of Sope, and with a shy spread some of the Oyntment o­ver all the sore, suffering him to rest in the place where you dressed him for one halfe houre after, and then you may take him into the Stable, there letting him stand without Litter, and so tyed that hee may not touch the sore with his Mouth, and then the next day use him in the same manner againe; then the third day annoint the place with fresh Butter; continuing so to doe by the space of nine dayes, and at nine daies end, make him this bath.

Take Mallowes three handfulls, a Rose-Cake, and Sage of each a handfull: boyle them together in a sufficient quantity of faire wa­ter; and when the Mallowes are become soft, put in halfe a pound of Butter, and halfe a pint of Sallet Oyle, and then being somewhat warme; wash and bath the sore place therewith every day once, till it be whole. This Medicine I confesse I never tryed, but I think it very good. Master Blundevile hath only this, but Master Mark­ham hath sundry others: some of which, I will relate, to the end the Ferrier may make his choyce. Another.

Take Dialthea, Agrippa, and Oyle, and mixing these together lay it to the swelling. Another.

Take also Frankinsence, Rosin, Tarre, Euforbium, Turpentine, Fennugrick, of each a quarter of an ounce, of Sewet one ounce, of Oyle one ounce, of Wax three ounces, & three quarters of an ounce of Myrrh; mix and melt all these together, and plaister-wise lay it to the place till it be whole. Another.

Take also Sanguis-Draconis three quarters of an ounce, Bole-Ar­monack one ounce, Oyle as much, Mastick three ounces, Suet, as much, and as much Swines grease: melt and mix all these together and lay it to the swelling, and it will take it away.

Another Cure I found in an old Manuscript, with which I have cured many horses, which have been much swelled, which is this: viz.

Take Turpentine, of Venice one ounce, and Aqua-vitae, three Spoonfulls: beat them together in a Bladder, or some other conve­nient Vessell, untill they come to a perfect salve, then annoynt the sore very well therewith, and heat it in with a hot Brick, or a hot I­ron: and thus doing foure or five times, it will set him upright. ✚. This I have often tryed and it is very good.

§. 10. A.

VVHat is that which you call a Nether Attaint?

It is also an Over-reach sometimes, and sometimes againe it cometh by a Wrench, sometimes by a Strayne, sometimes by treading upon a sharp stone or stub, and sometimes it cometh by a blow, and it is called properly a Neather Attaint, Atta [...] Neath [...] by rea­son it being commonly upon the fore-legge like as is the other; it is neverthelesse placed lower than the other is; for whereas the other is above the Fet-lock Ioynt, this is under it, for it is commonly upon the Heele or Frush, nor is it oftimes visible to the eye, howsoever it may be felt, as well by the heat and glowing which will be upon the heele, as also by the softnesse, for there will be a Bladder or blister of viscous corrupt matter like to Ielly, which will grow in the place; and besides it will make the Horse to complaine, and it wilbe also somewhat swelled. I have cured sundry Horses which have had this Malady, and they have done well again. The cure is thus,

Take a peece of Filliting and bind it above the Pastern-joynt a little good and hard, which will cause the blister or swelling the better to appeare more visible to the eye; make incision with your Incision-knife, and crush out all the corrupt Ielly, and congealed matter. Then heale it up by washing the sore with Coperas water, declared in lib. 2. cap. 10. §. 4. and after annoynt it with the Greene Oynt­ment mentioned in capite et §. Ibid. and so in short time it will bee whole and sound againe. ✚. This is a very hard Cure for your or­dinary Country Smiths to take in hand to performe, if they bee not well acquainted with the nature of this Malady. Master Blundevile, and Master Markham, have both this manner of Cure, only they dif­fer from me in the healing Salve.

§ 11. A.

VVHat Cure have you for the Avives?

This terme Avives we have also got­ten from the French, which our Ferriers doe call the Viues. It is a dis­ease which growes under the Eares, and secundum vulgus, Aviues. it is called the Fives or Vives from the Eares it creepeth downe towards the Throate, which when they begin to enflame will swell, and not only paine the Horse very much, but also prove mortall, by stopping his [Page 80] Wind they will kill him out right, if it be not in time cured; and I my selfe have seene and knowne Horses dy of this malady. It proceedeth most commonly of Ranknesse of Bloud: in the cure, care must be ta­ken that you doe not touch the Graynes or Kernells with your fingers The Avives or Vives are certaine flat Kernells, much like Bun­ches of Grapes which grow in a cluster, close knotted together in the place; the most certaine cure is to cut the Skin longest-wayes, and to lay the Kernells or Graines open, and then with an Instrument made like to a paire of Pliers to pinch forth the Graynes, then to apply un­to the place eyther a linnen-cloth, or a few hurds steeped well in whites of Egges well beaten, and so bound on, and renewing it day­ly, it will cure it: but you must heale up the Skin with the Greene-Oyntment before spoken of in Cap. & §. Ib. ✚. But the common cure is to draw downe the sore with a hot Iron just in the midst, so farre as the swelling goeth, and then under the roote of the Eare, draw two other strokes of the fashion of an arrowes head, then open the skin, and with a small payre of plyers, pull out the kernels, and so cut them off, but have a care of the veine: that done, fill the place with Bay-salt made into fine powder, and after heale up the sore with the aforesaid Oyntment. ✚. This have I also practised, and performed the Cure, but with greater difficulty than the former, by reason of the Fire which I put to the place, and therefore I doe hold my former Cure the better, safer, and speedier. ✚.

Master Blundevile and Master Markham doe say, that the Italians use to take a spunge well dipped in strong wine vineger, and bound to the Sore, renewing it twice a day till the kernels doe rot; then they open the neather most part of the softnesse, and so let the corru­ption forth, and then fill the hole with salt finely brayed: and the next day they wash away the filth with warme water, and the next day after, they annoynt the Sore with Honey and Fich flower min­gled together till it be whole. This Cure I never made tryall of, but it seemeth to me to be a very good and probable Cure. Another for the Avives.

Take Tarre, tryed Hogges grease, Bay-salt, and Frankinsence powdred, of each so much as will suffice, melt these on the fire all to­gether, then with a clout fastened to the end of a sticke, boyling hot scald the places 4 or 5 mornings one after another, untill the enfla­med places doe become soft and ripe. Then with your incision knife slit the skin, and let forth the corruption: then to heale up the soran­ces, take tryed Hogges grease and Verdigrease made into fine pow­der, melt them upon a gentle fire, but suffer it not to boyle more then a waume or two at the most, then take it off, and put to it of ordinary Turpentine, as much as will suffice, and so stirre all together untill it be cold. And herewith annoint the sorances daily, till they be whole: ✚ This is very good.

Master Markham in his Master piece, hath a Cure for the Avives, [Page 81] which he intituleth; A most rare and certaine approved Medicine, which will cure the Vives without either burning, melting, rotting, or any such like violent exercise. But as yet I did never experiment the same. The cure is this.

Take a penniworth of pepper, beaten to fine powder, Swines grease a spoonefull, the juyce of Rue a handfull, and of Vineger two spoonfuls, mixe all well together, and convey it equally into both the eares of the Horse, and so tye or stitch them up, then shake his eares that the medicine may sinke downewards: which done, you shall let him bloud in the neck-veyne, and in the temple-veine. And this (saith he) is an infallible cure.

§ 12. A.

VVHat disease is that which we doe call the Arraistes?

Arraistes is also a French Epitheton, which is a disease we doe commonly call the Rat-tayles, engendring in the heeles of a Horse, not much unlike to the Scraches, but that it is much more venimous and malignant. It commeth of too much rest, and the Keepers want of care in the not rubbing and dressing him, as also by reason that the Horse standeth continually in the Stable, his fore-feet being higher than his hinder-feet: for by reason of his great rest and pampering, the bloud corrupting in his body, falles down into his hinder-legges, and breedeth this disease, which now we doe call the Arraistes, Arraistes or Rat-Tayles. Rat-tayle [...] The best Cure for this Malady is, first, to let the Horse be ridden till he be warme, whereby the veines will swell, and the better appeare. Let him bloud in the fetlocke veins on both sides, making him to bleed well; and the next day after, wash the sores with warme water, and then clip away all the hayre from a­bout the Sores, then annoynt the grieved places with this Oynt­ment, viz.

Take greene Coperas, and Verdegreace, of each two ounces, and of common honey foure ounces; beat your Coperas and Verde-greace very small, and so worke them with your honey to a perfect unguent, and herewith annoint the Sores daily till they be whole. ✚. And thus we doe conclude this Chapter.

§ 1. B.

VVHat is your best way to breake and heale the backe of a Horse that is swolne?

We have many wayes to cure a Malady of this nature: if the place be swelled, and yet not ripe enough to be opened, then ap­ply that remedy which you shall finde taught you hereafter, to re­solve or ripen the same: and when it is ripe, put your incision knife unto it, or a hot iron, and so open it in the lowest part, so as the putri­faction may the more easily passeaway; then every morning inject this Lotion with a Seringe; which is thus to be made, viz.

Backe swel­led.Take Honey-suckle leaves, Plantine, Ribwort, Yarrow, Bursa-Pa­storis, Knot-grasse, and Cumphrey, of each halfe a handfull, boyle these in a quantity of running water, till a moity be consumed, then straine the herbs from the water, casting away the hearbs, and then set the water upon the fire again, and so soon as it beginneth to boyle againe, put into the said water hony of Roses, one ounce, Allum and Alkenet, of each two drams, stirre all these well together, and let it boyle till these latter ingredients be well dissolved, then take it from the fire, and when it is cold, put it into a cleane glasse, keeping it close stopped for your use. Vse this water every day five or sixe dayes to­gether, and it will cure any Sorance in the backe, or other part of the body, provided that to skin the sore, you apply a rag made wet in the said water. ✚ Another Receit I have wherewith I have cured ma­ny galled backs, and other sorances: which is as followeth.

Take water and salt, and boyle them well together, and first wash the sore place therewith. Then take Pepper made into very fine pow­der, and strew it upon the sore, & it will heale it in very short time. ✚. A third I have much more soveraigne than the two former, which cureth not onely all galled backs, but any other wound whatsoever.

Take Rosin, and common Pitch, of each sixe ounces, Masticke, and Incense, of each one ounce, Turpentine, Galbanum, Bolearmo­nacke, of each three ounces, melt, dissolve, and incorporate all these together upon a gentle fire, and as they doe begin to coole, make them up into rolles, and when you would use this Salve, spread it up­on a cloath or leather, somewhat thin; but if you be to use it without either cloath or leather, to any outward part that is not yet broken, then lay it on much thicker than you use to doe plaister-wise; and whilst it is warme, clap flocks of the same colour upon it. This Em­plastrum as it cureth any swelling, gall, wound, sore, or hurt; so it ri­peneth, breaketh, and healeth all impostumations, biles, and pu­stils. It is also a most excellent defensative plaister for the staying and [Page 83] drying up of all evill humours, and also very soveraign for asswaging of swellings. ✚.

Another Receit I have taught me by a worthy Knight, but I never made use thereof.

Take the leaves of Asmart, and wash them, and lay them all over the place; and albeit you ride him every day, yet will he heale very fast. But if he doe remaine in the Stable without exercise, if you put the water of the leaves upon the place, it will heale him speedily.

Another Receit I have which was taught me by a French Marishall, howbeit I made no tryall thereof, but he commended it to be tres-bonne; which is this, viz. Take three parts of sheeps-dung, and one part of wheate or Rye-flower, and dry the flower, and then knead them together, and bake it a little, and apply it bloud warme to the place.

§ 2. B.

IS there a disease in a horse called the Barbes?

Yea Sir, there is such a disease, and it groweth in the mouth vnder the tongue naturally, for every Horse hath them, Barbes. neverthelesse there is no harme in them, untill they doe become in­flamed, and then they will swell with corrupt bloud, proceeding from naughty humours, and become raw, and so trouble and pain the Horse, so as he cannot feed without much griefe: for it commeth by meanes of evill humours, and inflamed bloud. I never heard of more Cures than two for this malady, which is to take hold of his tongue, and on either side under it of the jaw you shall see two teats or paps; clip them away close, and then wash the place with a little water and salt, and they are cured. The other Cure.

Take a paire of Sizers and clip them away from under the tongue, and let them bleed, then prick him in the palate of the mouth with your Fleame, that he may bleed the better, then wash the places with white wine vineger, Bolearmonacke, and Bay-salt, of each as much as will suffice, and for three or four dayes after, let him see that no hay-dust sticke upon the places so clipped, and he will soon be well againe.

§. 3. B.

VVHat good Receit have you to dissolve and dry up all ill humours in the body?

The best thing that I could ever know, Bath for Humours to dry them up. is a certain Bath which I make, wherewith I bath him, and I doe finde it to be right good, which I make thus, viz. Take Sage and Rosemary, of each a handfull, of the barke of the root of Beech, three pound, and of the barks of young Elmes, Oakes, and Ashe, of each a handfull, of Nep, [Page 84] Penny-Royall, and of Chest-nuts, the rindes being taken away, of each a handfull, three or foure white Onions cleane pilled and cut into small pieces of slices, red wine three pottles, strong white wine vineger two pottles: boyle all these together, and cause your Horse to be walked a quarter of an houre before, a good pace, that he may be onely warme, then let him be presently bathed with this Bath good and hot, and then set him up warme, and let his drinke be either sweet Mashes or white water: bath him thus three dayes together, and feed him with such meat as is sweet and wholesome, and let him not be ridden into any water in eight or tenne dayes after, and this will dissolve and dry up all his bad humours. ✚. This I learned of an Italian Rider in Bruxels, whom I saw practise it very often whilst I was there, and rode with him. And since I have my selfe administred it to many good Horses here in England, with which I have done ve­ry much good.

Now that we speake of Bathes, I would gladly know what are their vertues.

Bathes have been much more in use in former times than now they are, howbeit I and my Master doe use them often, and we doe finde great profit by them: for they are fomentations, which be the most comfortable things of any to the joynts and limbs of a Horse. Bathes dissolve all ill humours, and gives heat and warmth unto all the members that are benummed with cold, or for want of bloud; it com­forteth and strengtheneth them; and it giveth very great ease to the pained sinewes. Besides, it asswageth swellings in or about any out­ward parts of the body; for legges swelled, stiffe or benummed, or for any other joynt pained or grieved, Bath for st ffe legges. or for any string hault, crampe, or convulsion. I commonly use a bath, which doth in short time cure all such like Maladies. And my bath is this.

Bath 1 Take Muskadine and Sallet oyle, of each a pinte, Bay-leaves and Rosemary, of each two handfuls, let them boyle halfe an houre, and when you are to bathe your Horse therewith, rubbe and chafe the grieved place with a wispe or hayre-cloath a pretty while, then put the foot into some broad bowle or payle, whereby to preserve the liquor and hearbs, and lave and bathe him thus a quarter of an hour which ended, binde upon the place a piece of Sheeps or Lambs skin, with the woolly side to the legge, and let him stand so four and twen­ty houres: apply this five or sixe times, and it will be a perfect Cure. ✚.

Another bath I have which is most soveraign to cure all gourdy, gowty, and swoln legges, which commeth either by farcin, scratches, or the like, wherewith I have cured very many Horses. And thus it is made.

Bath 2 Take the grounds of a Beere battell with the Barme, Smallage, Featherfew, Winter-savory, Cum [...]ry, Mallowes, Rue, Set-well, Penny-Royall, Wormewood, Arch-angell, of each a good handfull, [Page 85] and of the leaves and Berryes of Missletow three or foure good handfuls, Sheepes Tallow one pound, tryed Hogges-grease halfe a pound, three or foure handfuls of Rie or Wheat Branne: boyle all these together untill all the hearbes and Missletow become soft: but be sure you have liquour enough, and a little before you take it from the fire, put into it some Hay: With this, bathe his Legges; first one, then the other, putting still that Legge which you are to bathe into a broad Bowle or Payle, as is afore shewed; and when you have bathed that Legge sufficiently, then take of the hay in the Bath, and making a Thum-band thereof, rowle it about the Leg above the uppermost or middle Ioynt, and put off the hearbes betwixt his Legge and the Thum-band and so use the other Legge or Legs which are swelled and need bathing: Which done, powre of the liquour remaining upon the thum-bands: and thus let him bee bathed herewith every day once for so many dayes together as you shall thinke requisite, and it will bring downe the swelling quite, and make him sound. ✚.

Another Bath I have no lesse excellent, wherewith I have done many rarecures. viz.

Take Smallage, Oxe-Eye, and Sheepes Sewet, of each like much, Bath 3 to a good quantity: Chop them small together, and after stamp them in a stone Morter; then boyle them with mans Vrine, and bathe the grieved parts herewith warme, doing as before with a Bowle or Payle: then with Thum-bands of soft Hay made first wet in cold water, rope up the member, as well above as below the griefe. Vse this as oft as you shall see cause, out if the griefe happen in travell, then by bathing him thus over-night and roping him up, he wilbe a­ble to travell again the next morning without complaining. ✚. This I doe assure you is a most excellent Bath, and it cureth any Lame­nesse which cometh eyther by stroke, strayne, or other Acci­dent.

One other Bath I have whereof I never made use, taught mee by Bath 4 a Gentleman, who was well versed in Horse-leech-craft. And his Re­ceipt is this: viz.

Take Savine, and the Barke and Leaves of the Bay-tree, Pelleto­ry, Rosemary, Sage, Rue, of each three ounces, boyle these in a Gal­lon of white Wine, untill halfe be consumed: herewith bathe your Horse as before is shewed, and whether the Griefe be visible or not, use it and you will finde it an approved Medicine. After this manner hath the Gentleman delivered me this Receit, which he protested to me to be most soveraigne; which I can neither commend nor dis­praise by reason I never yet had experience thereof. And thus much of Baths, now let us passe to other matters.

§. 4. B.

I Pray you Hipposerus, can you shew me what is good to cause a Horse in the Stable to Belly well?

That can I sir, for many horses by being kept long in the stable (especially yong horses) wil seldome have good bellyes, for their bellies will shrinke up towards their Flankes, and they become as great as Running Horses use to be, when they are dieted for a Course; which doth betoken great Costivenes in them, which proceedeth of much unnaturall heat in the body; and such Horses never thrive or like well, for they be naturally tender, and wash, or flew of their flesh: and therefore such a Horse I could wish you not to keepe, but to put away so soone as may be. For if he come once to hard labour, you can­not possibly keepe him sound, but be often sicke and unhealthy. The best cure which I have, Belly gaunt. was taught me by a French Marshall, who told me that every horse hath about his Cods two small strings, which extend from his Cods to the bottome of his Belly, to wit, of each side one; which said strings you must breake with your finger, a thing very easie to be done by those that have practised it; and when you have broken them, you must annoynt that place every day with fresh Butter and Vnguentum Populeon mixed together; this done, in short time he will come to Belly well.

This I never my selfe tryed, but he that taught it me did much pra­ctise it, and hee brake many of those strings of sundry horses in my sight.

§. 5. B.

WHat meanes have you to helpe the payne in the Belly of a Horse?

This disease is that we call the Collick, which the Italians do call Colon, Belly paine. from whence our English Ferriers derive the word Col­lick: the French call it Tranchaisons, which is a paine or griping in the Belly, comming sometimes of cold and wind, and sometimes of grosse Humours which ly in the small Guts; sometimes by reason of abun­dance of Billions or sharp Humours; and sometimes by inflamations in the Body caused by feeding upon raw and bad meates, which oc­casioneth Crudities. But of this we shall have cause to speak more in its proper place of the Collick: Only thus much, that whereas paines and Gripings in the Belly do proceed ofttimes from the Liver, and the working of the Spleene, which is most vento [...]ous. But I thinke it not amisse to give you one Receipt wherewith to cure any Gripings or paynes which may at any time proceed eyther from the Liver, Spleene, or Milt. Neither have you any Signes whereby to know this disease, but only the same for the Collick. And the cure is this.

Take Isope, Cowslips, Liver-wort, Lung-wort, of each like much, so as all when they be together, they doe not exceed halfe a hand­full. Then take Gentiana, Aristolochia Rotunda, Fennugrick, Enu­la-Campana, dried long-Pepper, of each halfe a spoonfull, and one spoonefull of Honey: chop the hearbs small, and make the other simples into fine powder, and boyle them in a quart of Ale or Mus­kadine which is much better, and give it him bloud warme, and ride him an houre after; then set him up warme, and foure or five houres after, give him boyled barley, and for three or foure dayes, let his drinke be either Mashes or white water. ✚ With this I have done many good cures.

§ 6. B.

VVHat is good to heale the tongue of a Horse, which is hurt with the Bit or Haulter.

If the tongue of your Horse be hurt or cut with his Bit or Haulter, or by any other accident or mishap, Bit wher [...] with the tongue h [...] the best way to cure and heale it, is:

Take Mell-Rosarum, and annoynt it therewith, with a linnen rag fastened to the end of a sticke, let the Sore be so annoynted three or foure times a day, and let him alwayes after dressing stand upon the Trench one houre, and in short time it will be whole. With this I have cured many Horses, some of which have had their tongues cut more then halfe through. X. Another Cure I have, which a French­man taught me, which is as followeth.

Take red honey, the marrow of powdred porke, quick-lime and pepper all made into fine powder, of each like much, boyle all these together, still stirring it till it come to an Oyntment, with which an­noynt the sore twice every day till it be whole. With this Receit I have cured sundry good Horses, and I do know it to be very good. ✚.

§. 7. B.

HOw may a man stanch the bleeding at the nose, or when a veine is cut, or a wound given, whereby a Horse is in danger to bleed to death.

We have many wayes wherewith to stanch bleeding, Bleeding stanch, as well at the nose as elsewhere. As thus, Take the tender tops of Isop, and stamp them to mash, and put them up into his nose, or lay and binde it to the wound or veine cut or broken, and he will be suddenly stanched. ✚. Another:

Take Bursa-Pastoris bruized, and apply it to the place, and this is very good. Another:

Take the powder of the stone called Emachile, and blow it up in­to the nose, or lay it to the veine or wound, and the bloud will be stan­ched. Another.

Take his own bloud, dry it, and make it into fine powder, and ap­ply it as is aforesaid, is very good. ✚. Another:

Take the tops of the angriest and youngest red nettles, and stampe them very well, and laid to the place, will stanch bleeding. ✚. Another:

Take Hogges dung, and apply it as is aforesaid, is very good, ✚.

Take also Bumbast-cotten, woollen cloath, silke, felt, all these bur­ned, or the hearb called Clownes-all-heale, will doe the like. ✚. Al of these I have often tryed, and doe finde them right good.

§ 8. B.

VVHat is good against blindenesse?

Blindenesse Blindenesse. may come many wayes, and therefore if it be that which commeth of filmes or thicknesse in the eyes, which of all other kindes of this nature is easiest to be cured; I will remit them to their proper places. But for filmes onely I will give you one or two Receits. But first it were fit you should under­stand how this disease commeth to a Horse. If he be subject to have a thicknesse or white filmes in his eyes; it commeth most commonly of a rhume which passeth into his eyes from his head, which you may soone perceive by his continuall weeping, and sending forth watery moysture which will run from his eyes upon his face: which when you shall observe, let then his Keeper sundry times every day wash and bath his eyes with cold water newly drawn from the Well; and this will prevent his filmes, and cure that flux or rhume: but if the films doe come before you observe that he had any such rhume or running at the eyes: then

Take mans dung, and put it into a Fire-pan, and so burne it untill it come to be a cole, then beat it to fine powder, and put thereof into a Goose quill, and blow it into his eyes twice a day; and this will cleer his eyes againe. ✚.

Take also the tops of the angriest young red nettles, a handfull, and stamp them very well, then put it into a fine linnen cloth, and then dip it into beere a little, and so straine forth the juyce, which done, put a few graynes of salt, bay or white to it, and when it is dis­solved, drop of this liquor into the grieved eye, one drop: and do thus morning and evening, and it will take away not onely a filme, and o­ther such like thicknesse which may hinder his sight, but it will also take away a Pearle. These two Receits I have often practised, and I have found them very good. ✚

I have heard some say that they can make a Horse suddenly blinde and yet after restore him to his perfect sight againe: but I think they doe boast and cracke of more then they be able to doe, how thinke you Hip­poserus?

Why truely Sir, this is easily done, and I will briefly disco­ver [Page 89] unto you the secret, which is thus.

Take Saffron, and dry it, and make the same into very fine pow­der as much as will suffice, and put of this powder into a quill, and so blow it into his eyes, and when it hath remained there by the space of halfe a quarter of an houre, wipe this powder from his eyes so cleane, as that it may not be discerned, and this will make him stone blinde. But if you be desirous to have him to reassume his sight again, then.

Take Garlicke, and chew it in your mouth, and then whilst it is still in your mouth, breath into his eyes, and in five or sixe times thus doing, he will againe see very perfectly. ✚ But this latter must be ad­ministred within eight dayes after the Saffron was blowne into his eyes, otherwise his sight will never be recovered. ✚

§. 9. B.

VVHat is good against the biting of a mad dog?

I have onely three cures for it, whereof I never had occasion to make tryall; howbeit they were all recom­mended unto me for speciall good: the first is.

Take the tendertops of Rue, Boxe-leaves, and Primrose-roots, Biting of mad Dog. of each a handfull, pound them together in a morter, and put them into a quart of new milke, with London Treacle one ounce, and so give it him bloud warme. This proportion will serve very well for two Horses. Another,

Take Hobgoblin, perewincle, and Boxe leaves, of each one handfull, first mince them small, and then stampe them very small in a stone morter, and with milke or beere administer it, both at the Change or Full of the Moone. A third cure I also have, which is this:

Take the hearb which groweth in dry and barren hils, called The Starre of the earth; you must give it three dayes together; the first time you must gather three of these hearbs with all the whole roots, and wash them cleane, and wipe them cleane, then pound them well, loo­sing no part of them; which done, give it your Horse in Milke, Beer, Ale, or white Wine; but be carefull the Horse take all the hearbs and roots: but if you will, you may make up these hearbs and roots in fresh or sweet butter which will doe as well: the second day give your Horse five of these hearbs and roots, like as you gave him them the day before; and the third day give him seaven. Doe this punctu­ally as I have here prescribed you, and be you well assured your Horse will be perfectly cured: for albeit I my selfe have never tryed this medicine, yet I doe know the party of whom I had this Cure, hath cured much cattell of all sorts therewith, for it cureth all sorts of living creatures which shall be bitten by a mad Dog; I my selfe can say thus much of this Receit, that I knew it cure a whole kennell of Hounds of a Gentlemans, one Beagle excepted which they did not [Page 90] suspect to be bitten, which indeed was bitten, so he fell mad and dy­ed, but all the residue escaped and did very well. Another time a Gentlemans sonne of my acquaintance was unfortunately bitten by a mad Dog, who was cured by the party who taught me this Receit, and this young Gentleman (for he was then but a boy of ten yeares old) was so farre spent with the rancor of the disease, before this man tooke him in hand, as that his head began to he addle, and he to talke very idly, yet he cured him, so as he lived and did well, and is at this houre living, he being now come to mans state, and a very handsome and proper man, whose Parents whilst they lived, I very well knew, and with whom I was very intimately acquainted. ✚

§ 10. B.

VVHat remedy have you for a Spaven?

We have two sorts of Spavens: the one we call a Through wet, Bloud or Bog-Spaven; the other a Dry, or Bone-Spaven: the first of these two is easily cured; the second may be cured, but such a cure is not for every Ferrier to take upon him to compasse: for that it is a Cure of very great difficulty, and of no lesse danger. To speake therefore first of the Bloud Spaven, Bloud-Spaven. it is a Disease which groweth upon the hough, with a swelling which is full of bloud, which though it be greatest upon the inside, yet the swelling appea­reth also upon the outside, being fed and nourished by the great veine which runneth along the inside of the thigh, and so commeth along the inside of the hough, and so downe the legge to the pasterne, and so from the pastern to the bottome of the foot. This malady com­meth by meanes that the bloud is corrupted through hard riding, especially when the Horse is very young. Now the bloud being through over much heating too much stirred, it begetteth a fluxible humour, which being marvellous thin, falleth to running downwards towards its center, but it is stopped in its passage in the hough, where it resideth, and by that meanes swelleth, and so becommeth a disease, which pestring that place, makes the joynt stiffe, whereby he becom­meth starke lame, not being able to goe, but with great difficulty and paine. The signe is most easie, being most apparant to the eye. The best way to cure it, is: first, to shave away the haire on both sides the swelling, so farre forth as the swelling goeth: then take up the thigh veine, and let it bleed well; which done, tye the veine above the orefice, and let the veine bleed from below what it will; whereby the bloud which was assembled about the spaven place, which caused the for­mer swelling, is by this meanes sent away: then with your fleame or incision knife, make two incisions in the lower part of the swelling, and after prick two or three holes in each side of the hough where the Spaven is, that the medicine may take the better effect, and when the bloud and water hath vented away so much, as it will doe, bind round [Page 91] about it, plaister-wise the whites of Egges and Bolearmonack very well beaten together, either upon hurds or linnen cloath, and make it fast about the hough, so keep on the plaister. The next day take it off, and wash and bathe the sorance with this bath, viz. Bath for Bloud-Spaven. Take M [...]l­lowes and the tops of nettles, and boyle them in water till they be soft, and therewith bath him. Then take Mallow-roots, Brancha Vr­sina, Oyle, Waxe, and white Wine, so much as wil suffice, and boyle them, binde this warme to the sorance round about the hough, and sew a cloath about it, and so let it remaine three dayes more; and e­very morning stroke it downewards with both your hands gently, to the end the bloudy humour may issue forth. The fourth day bathe and wash it very cleane with the former Bath. That done, Take Carana, and stone Pitch, of each one ounce, and of Brimstone a quarter of an ounce made into very fine powder: melt these together on the fire, and when it is almost ready to be taken off, put into it of Venice Tur­pentine halfe an ounce, and make a plaister thereof, spreading it up­on leather, and apply it to the place warme, round about the hough, and so let it remaine untill it doe fall away of its own accord: or if it doe come off sooner than you might thinke fitting, then make ano­ther plaister of the like ingredients, and apply it as before. ✚ This is the best cure that I could ever know for this malady, with which I have cured many Bloud-Spavens. ✚ Another for a Bloud-Spaven.

When the swelling doth appeare upon the inward part of the hough, take up the thigh veine, and let it bleed from the nether part of the leg, till it will bleed no longer, and after give fire to the Spaven both longst-wayes and crosse-wayes, and then apply a restringent charge to the place, and thus it will be cured. This I never tryed, but positively speaking, I hold it to be a very good Cure.

§ 11. B.

HOw doe you cure the dry or Bone-Spaven?

This malady is not easily cured but with great difficulty and danger: it is a great hard crust, yea as hard as a bone if it be let runne, sticking or indeed growing to the bone, much closer than the barke of an Oake to the body, and it is upon the inside of the hough under the joynt neere to the great veine of which I spake of before in the Cure of the bloud-spaven? by which meanes the Horse that hath such a Spaven, cannot chuse but hault. This bone-spa­ven Bone-Spaven. commeth two wayes; the first, through hard riding, or other kinde of intemperate labour, whereby the bloud dissolving, falleth downe and maketh its residence in the hough, which doth in short time become dry and hard as any bone, from whence the sorance taketh its denomination. Secondly, the Horse may have this malady by inheritance or kinde either from the Sire or Damme, as I have before specified in the second Chapter of the first Booke, [Page 92] where I doe intreate of Breeding.

The Signe to know it, is evident enough; viz. by your Eye and hand, for it is both visible and palpable enough, and as easie to bee seene and felt as the Legge it selfe. The best way to cure it, is first by taking up the thigh-veine, which caused it, and fed and nourished it, and let him bleed will, and so put him into the Stable, and doe no more to him for that day; the next day, shave away the haire from off the Spaven, and rub it hard with a Rowling-pin (having first an­noynted the place with Petroleum and chafed it well in with your hand) or some other round and smooth stick, morning and evening for foure daies together, and at the fourth dayes end, slit downe the skin with your Incision-knife, the full length of the Spaven; but bee very carefull you do not touch the great Artery or Veine, both which do ly very neere; for if you do never so little hurt the great Artery, you utterly maime the horse past all recovery; having thus done, lay to the place the Hearb called Flamula bruised, and bind it on that it fall not off, for two dayes more; then for three daies after: Take Cantharides & Euforbium, & incorporate them well together, (be­ing before beaten into fine powder) with black Sope, and Bay salt, and lay this to the place, and thus dresse it every Morning: this will lay the Bone and Crust bare. After take Fearne-roots, Hounds-tongu, and Bore-grease; incorporate all these together, and lay it to the place, untill you perceive the Crust to be loose, and to bee wasted; assay now and then to loosen the same with your Cornet or other In­strument, and if you can with conveniency take it off quite, doe so: Which done, heale up the wound with your greene oyntment pre­scribed you in lib. 2. cap. 10. §. 4. you may also apply to the So­rance after the aforesaid Corasives, a Plaister of strong Aegiptiacum till it hath fretted off the flesh upon the Crust so bare as possibly may be, and so you may the better attempt the taking away of the said Crust, or by rubbing it with a Rowling-pin, or a Hasell-stick annoin­ted with Petroleum till the Crust be converted into a mattrative sub­stance, or other thinner kind of corruption, which may very easily be drawne away. And thus have I cured the Bone-Spaven severall times: Which disease I cannot easily commend to be cured by any, but those who have before hand seene some other skilfull Ferrier to do it before him, and the Method he useth in the working, by reason that the Cure is so extreamely difficile, and over-dangerous. ✚. But when at any time you doe perceive a swelling begin to be in the Spaven-place of your horse, whereby you may suspect it may prove a Spaven; for prevention whereof.

Take Naturall Balsome, and having first shaven away the haire, annoint the place with the said Balsome, for two or three daies: and after you shall represse the Humours with this Charge.

Take Oyle of Roses three ounces, Bole-Armonack one ounce, wheat flowre halfe an ounce, and the white of one Egge; make all [Page 93] these into one body, and every day (having first annointed it with Balsome) lay on the said Charge. ✚.

But let us looke backe againe to the Eyes. What say you to Bloud-shotten Eyes?

For a Bone or Dry-Spaven or Curbe: First take up the veine that feedeth it (whether Spaven or Curb) as well below as above, then give it fire, then charge the place with pitch made hoat, & clap flax upon it, then foure daies after, you must dulcifie the sorance with the Oyle Pampileon and fresh Butter molten together upon a gentle fire, and when the scarre shalbe falne away, you must applie unto it a kind of stuffe which is called Blauco or white, made I think of Ies­soe, and so continue it untill it be whole. ✚. This is very good.

§ 12. B.

I Say Sir, that Bloud-shotten Eyes may easily be holpen, if a right Cure be taken, and the Ferrier perite: for as touching Eyes, they are a tender Member, soonest hurt and offended of any part about the body of any living Creature; and therefore there ought the greater care to be taken in the Cure thereof: and take this by the way for a point of good Counsell, and for a good Rule, that in ad­ministring to the Eyes, you be very carefull that your Medicine bee not too old, but often made and renewed; for by using old made Medicines, either their Vertues do passe away, whereby the Mem­ber dressed receives no good; or else, by being too old, the Medi­cines may most easily putrifie and corrupt, and so by that meanes do much more harme than good to the Member you hoped to cure; in­somuch as if you be not very cautelous in making and compounding your Receipts for the Eyes aright, you may most easily endeavouring to cure one Eye, not faile in putting out both. All diseases in the Eyes come only of two Causes: viz. First, either inward, or out­ward; Secondly, by meanes of some Blow, Stripe, Prick, Cut, Bruise, or some such like accident. The Inward Causes do either proceed from evill Humours, which do make their resort to the Eyes, Bloud-shoten Eyes. or else by the meanes of some cold taken, which breaketh forth at the Eyes into some great Flux; or else by meanes of some hot, sharp, or salt Humours which doe make their resort to the Eyes; all which doe and will engender Bloud-shotten, weeping, or watery Eyes; and these doe proceed from Inward causes. Now these Maladies which have their source from outward Causes, are (as I have before mentioned) ey­ther by a Blow, Stripe, Prick, bruise, or the like, which will cause paine and anguish, and such like inconveniencies, whereby the Mem­ber being distempered through heat, burning, glowing, &c. will weepe and send forth much moisture, which will produce not only Bloud-shotten and Weeping-Eyes; but also (if Art and Care be not ad­ded in time convenient) Dimnesse of Sight, Filmes, Pearles, Pin and [Page 94] web, Dragons, Serpentines, and such numberlesse Sorances, yea and [...]irect Blindnesse it selfe, without speciall providence and care used by way of prevention. Wherefore for Maladies of this Nature, I will prescribe you a few Receits, which shalbe very good and approved. First therefore, whereas the common cure in practise among our or­dinary Ferriers and Smiths is, to draw bloud as well from the Temple-veines as for the Neck veins; my Counsell is, which experience is taught mee by my Master here, and it hath not a little profited and pleasured me) to be very cautelous how you draw bloud from weake and enfeebled Eyes, as bloud-shotten and Rhumatique-eyes, must bee (unlesse in cases of extreme necessity) for by so doing, I have known Horses in like cases which before they had bloud taken from them were able to see a little, but after bloud-letting they have become so blind as a Beetle; nor were they ever able (no Art wanting) to see more, so as they after became very notable strong, & able Millhorses. First therefore I aver, that insteed of opening a veine, I counsell you to lay unto the Temple-veines a Charge, whereby to stay and hinder that Flux of noxious Humours which were the cause of this Malady; and let this Charge bee made thus. Bloud-shot­ten Eyes: a Charge. Take Pitch, Rosin, Mastick, of each like much; melt all these together, and either apply it upon a Plaister made of Leather cut round, or of Velvet, of that color or as nere to the colour of the horse as may bee, or else lay it good and warme to the Temple-veines, with a cloth fastned to a sticke, and be­fore it be cold, clap Flockes of the same colour to the place, and let it so remaine on, till of it selfe, it fall away. Then dresse the grieved Eyes with these ensuing things.

Take the white of a new-layed Egge, Hony, Selandine, and red-Fennell of each so much as will suffice: stamp them all well together, and so bind it unto the grieved Eye. ✚. But if you do find, that the sight waxeth thick; and that you observe dimnesse of sight in him, through his weeping: Take then Lapis Calaminaris, and put it into the fire making it red-hot, which infuse or quench in a pint of white Wine; which done, let the stone be made red-hot, and quenched in the same Wine the second time, and so in like manner the third time; and after the third quenching, when it is through cold, dry it; and beat it into fine powder, and put the powder thereof into a glasse Vi­all, and put thereto your white Wine wherein your Stone was quen­ched, and after it hath stood and infused one whole night at the least; put one drop of the cleerest of the Wine into the eye of the horse, and so into the other eye also twise a day, till you have staied the Rhume & quite cleered his Eyes. ✚. Another.

Take the Iuyce of Selendine, Red-Fennell, Vervine, and Rue, of each a like quantity, viz. one Branch, or Sprigge of eyther; stamp them together, and straine it through a cleane fine linnen ragge into a little cleere running water; then put into it as much grated Ginger, and Bay-salt finely powdred, of each so much as will lie upon a two [Page 95] penny piece, putting all these into a glasse-viall, let it stand to settle, and when you doe see it as cleere as it will be, drop a drop of this water into either eye, morning and evening bloud-warme, &c. ✚ Another:

Take also Ale-hoofe (which is indeed your true ground-Ivy) and stampe it well in a stone morter, and if it be too dry, put thereinto a little white Rose water, or the water of Eye-bright distilled, then straine it into a glasse, and annoynt, wash, bathe, and taint (if need be) the sorance therewith, and in short time it will cure the eyes perfect­ly. ✚ The residue of Receits I reserve to their due places.

§ 13. B.

VVHat good cure have you for a bloud-running itch?

This sorance commeth to a Horse com­monly by meanes of some extreame heate giuen him in the body through over-violent exercise, whereby the bloud is enflamed, Bloud-r [...] ning itch. some whereof getteth betwixt the skin and the flesh, which running too and fro, being salt and billions, it there doth itch and smart, provok­ing the Horse many times to rub, scrub, and bite himselfe: Which disease if it be let run long, will come to be an Elephantique leprosie, or at least a terrible mainge: by which meanes he will soone infect all the Horses which are in the Stable where he standeth, for it is a con­tagious malady and loathsome. The best way to cure this itch before it proceed further, is, Take Chamberly newly made, two quarts, Bay-salt a handfull, unslaked Lime a handfull, Enule-campana root dryed and finely powdred, a handfull, but if not dryed, then green, cut into thin slices, Hens dung a handfull; boyle all these together a while; then with a sticke with a clout fastened to it, wash the Horse all over so hot as he may well suffer the same: use this three or foure mornings together, and it will cure him, keeping him to a spare dy­et, and giving him white water. ✚

§ 14. B.

VVHat is good to prevent Blowing and Pursivenesse in a Horse?

You must first understand Sir, the true nature of this griefe, as also how he came by it, whereby you may the more easily know how to cure the same, for that there be sundry wayes and meanes whereby a Horse may come to be breathlesse and short of winde, and every one of them may be a severall disease, and so require a distinct remedy. But if you meane a shortnesse of winde onely, then know that many Horses are naturally thicke winded, as being cook-thr [...]pled, narrow Chawled, &c. Blowing [...] Pursivene [...] Also shortnesse of winde may come unto him accidentally, as when being fat and over-laden with flesh, or by being [Page 96] too rank of bloud, or by too much glut and foulenesse in the body, then is he subject to shortnesse of breath and pursivenesse; so as upon any motion or exercise he will sweat, pant, blow, and heave at the flanks; and this commeth upon him by immoderate riding, eating, drinking, and rest. And such like exercise causeth the panch of the Horse (if he be put to any sudden motion or exercise) to be so hard and strutted out, as that he must so straine his longs, (the bellowes of the body) as to cause a dislocation in them, by meanes whereof they cannot execute their office or function as they ought; and if care and remedy be not speedily had, he will in short time be past all recovery; and then hee is brought to that disease which the vulgar doe call broken-winded: wherefore to prevent it, administer unto him this ensuing Cure.

Let all the hay he eateth, (nor let him eate all he desireth, for such Horses are commonly great feeders) be sprinckled and moystened with water, which will asswage his excesse of drinking, and very much coole his bloud, which cannot but be inflamed. Then give him every morning for foure or five dayes together, two egges steeped twenty foure houres in the strongest white wine vineger you can get: give him (I say) these two egges, and then the vineger after, then ride him softly an houre after: which done, set him up warme, and three houres after, give him hay sprinckled with water, and at night when you do give him his Oats, wet them in Beere or good Ale, and let his drinke be white water. ✚ Doe this ten dayes together, so that about the beginning of May, and about Michaelmas, he may be in breath: and so keep him to spare dyet, but with discretion. ✚ This medicine will both purge him, and scowre from him much flegme and filth as well at nose as mouth, and he will be both sounder and in better health a long time after: provided he be also kept to moderate exercise. And if after you have thus drenched and dyeted him, you doe not perceive his blowing and lifting at the ribbes and flanks to cease, then be you confident your Horse is past all cure, onely still moysten his meat as before is inculcated, and he will hold out the longer. ✚ Another Receit I have for the same malady, which if he be not past all cure, will infallibly doe him much good, which is this, viz.

Take wheate meale, the powder of Lung-wort, alias Mullet, Gen­tiana, Anniseeds, Comin-seeds, of each three drammes, make them into fine powder, and make paste with them with honey, and fresh butter, of each like quantity, so much as will suffice, and put to it the yolkes of two new laid egges; make this paste into pils, and e­very morning fasting give him three or foure of these pils rowled up in the powder of Enulacampana, and the powder of Licoris, of each like much. These pils preserve the winde of the Horse mervailously, and keeps him alwaies in breath, and therefore good they be often used. ✚

Of these two Receits I have had great experience, and a third I [Page 97] was taught, whereof I had not oft made triall, yet with that little ex­perience I have had of it, I doe find it to be right good, being as fol­loweth.

Take the Excrements of a sucking child, and put unto it a pint of white wine; let it boyle till the one halfe be consumed, and so give it him blood-warme. This will cause him to forsake his blowing for 15. dayes; so as when hee beginneth againe to blow, give him the same medicine againe, and so keep him with this from time to time so oft as you shall have cause, and by this meanes you shall have his wind good. ✚ But then you must beware you put not into the wine too large a proportion of the Excrements, for it will make him to be very sick, and peradventure endanger him, for howsoever when at any time you doe administer it, it will make him very sick. Remember also to sprinkle his meat, and to give him white water.

§ 15. B.

VVHat is your opinion of Botts, Trunchions, and Wormes, their severall sorts, and how doe you kill them?

The generall Opinion is, that there are but two sorts of these kind of creeping Creatures, to wit, Botts, and Wormes, for they hold that trunchions and bots are both one and the same thing, but they are much mistaken; for bots are of a different shape and colour from trunchions, and of different natures, Bots, & for bots doe breed and reside in the great gut adjoyning to the fundament, but trunchions doe breed and make their abode in the maw onely, and if they be suffered to re­maine any time within the body of the Horse, they will make their way through the aforesaid great gut, and the trunchions through the maw, both which vermine doe bring death to the Horse. Now I doe averre, that there is a third sort, Three s [...] of verm [...] which d [...] engende [...] the body the Ho [...] which have none other denominati­on than plaine wormes, unlesse you will adde the word maw-wormes, and so stile them maw-wormes, which name indeed is most proper to them, by reason that they select for their resting place the maw one­ly, from which they never depart, where they doe eate small holes quite through the maw, by meanes whereof the Horse dyeth.

The Bots are a kinde of little wormes with great heads and small tayles, they breed and live as I said before in the great gut, 1 Bots. adjoyning to the fundament, and they may be taken away most easily by putting in your hand, and by picking them from the gut to which they are fastened.

Trunchions are in shape short and thick, and of a pretty bignesse, 2 Trunch [...] and they have blacke and hard heads, but they must be sent away by medicine.

Maw-wormes are long, red, and slender, 3 Worme [...] much like unto earth­wormes, most of them of the length of a mans finger, and some are [Page 98] longer; these must also be taken away by medicine. All these three sorts doe ingender in the body of the Horse, by meanes of evill, raw, and flegmatique meates, which have turned to bad digestion, where­by putrified matter hath bred in the maw, and from thence these three sorts of evill creatures have engendred. You may very easily know when your Horse is troubled with them: for he will sweat with paine, stampe with his fore-feet, and strike at his belly with his hinder-feet; he will also turne his head towards his belly to looke upon it, and forsake his meat, he will also grone, tumble, and wallow; he will also rub his tayle as if it were troubled with the itch. Now how to kill these wormes is very difficile, for feare of endangering the life of your Horse: onely medicines must be given which must cause them to distast the maw, and to feed upon such drinkes being sweet, wher­by he may voyd them with his dung. I will here give you many Re­ceits, some of which I have very much experimented; and the first is this, viz.

Take of Egremony one handfull, chop and stamp it small, and put unto it a quart of new milke, with brimstone made into very fine powder, halfe an ounce: give this to your Horse fasting bloud-warm, and keep him upon the trench fasting three houres at the least, and at night give him white water. ✚ Another.

Take the guts of a well-growne chicken, (all but the gizard) and rowle it up warme in the powder of brimstone, and bay-salt, and put it downe his throat, and trot him up and downe halfe an houre, doing as before. ✚ Another.

Take new milke, and the powder of brimstone, this doth the like. ✚ Another.

Take Saven and Worme-wood chopped and stamped small, put to it a pinte of Muskadine, and give it him warme. ✚ Take also a quart of brine newly made, and give it him to drink. ✚ Another:

Take as much Precipitate, alias Red-Mercury calcined as will lye up­on a two-penny piece of silver, and convey it into a piece of sweet butter the bignesse of an egge, in manner of a pill: give him this in a morning fasting, the Horse having stood all night in his Mussell at the empty racke, unlesse extremity doe compell you, for in such a case you may administer it at any other time. When you are to give it him, take forth his tongue, and make him swallow the whole pill, then ride him a while up and downe, and after set him up warme, causing him to fast three houres after: and with this medicine you may kill all manner of Bots, Trunchions, and wormes, of what kinde soever, yet at the giving, you must be wondrous circumspect and carefull; for this Precipitate is a very strong poyson, wherefore you must be very ob­servant of your proportion, wherein you ought not to exceed, except with good caution. Againe, if you mixe your Precipitate before hand with a little sweet butter, the quantity of a hasell-nut; and then af­terwards lap it up in the greater lump of butter, it may be received by [Page 99] the Horse to his lesse danger, and it will besides very much allay its evill quality. But this I leave to your own discretion, assuring you that there is hardly any thing comparable to this, for this disease. ✚ This Receit I have administred unto three Horses onely, where­of the first and last I cured, but the second dyed under my hands: but I doe assure you not for any want of care. ✚ Another:

Take Sublimatum so much as can be taken upon a two penny piece of silver, and made up in butter will kill the Bots Bots. in a Horse, if it be administred as was the former Receit. This I did never try. Ano­ther.

Take a quart of good Ale, of Rue, and Saven, of each a quarter of a pound, of Stone-Crop halfe a pound: bray all these in a morter, and put them to the Ale, and boyle it well, then straine it, and give it him bloud-warme, and he will voyd them. Another;

Take of new milke a quart, and a penny weight of brimstone in fine powder, and twenty of the long haires of his tayle, cut them ve­ry short, and put it all together into the milk, and give it him to drink, and then throw a handfull of bay salt into his mouth, and he is cured. ✚ Another.

Take a quart of strong Wort, and give it him to drinke bloud-warme, and let him fast eight houres after. Another;

T [...]ke the first day a quart of new milke, and put to it halfe a pinte of honey, and give it him warme: this will cause them to give over from gnawing and feeding upon the maw for a season, by reason they will drinke and sucke the milke and honey for a time: the next day, give him this drinke:

Take a quart of sweet Wort, or of your strongest Ale, specially if it be new, then take a quarter of a pound of Ferne roots, of Saven halfe a pound, of Stone-Crop halfe a pound; stampe them all toge­ther, and put to it of brimstone and of soot, of each two spoonfuls, both well powdred, and let all these be well steeped in Wort or Ale two hours, then strain it, & give him of this two good horn-fuls, then bridle him, and let him stand upon the trench sixe houres, but this will not kill them; the third day give him these purging pils. Take of Lard one pound, let it be laid in water two houres, then take no­thing but the pure fat thereof onely, beat it well in a stone morter, and put thereto of Anniseeds, Licoris, and Fennugrick, all made into fine powder, of each halfe an ounce, Aloes powdred, two drams, and of Agaricke one ounce: make all these well mixed into one body, and divide them equally into sixe Pils or Bals, then the Horse having fa­sted over night, give him in the morning three of these Pils, annoin­ted first with honey, then cloath him up, and litter him well, and keep the Stable warme, and at night give him a sweet Mash, and for three dayes after, let him have none other drinke then white water. These Bals will so purge the bad humours that breed and nourish these vermine, that the Horse will be perfectly cleane and free from [Page 100] them, of what kind soever they are: and you shall find them to come away in his Dounge, and the most of them to be living; for no Medi­cine (but those two only of Precipitate and Sublimate before remem­bred, in which is so great perill) can kill them. ✚. This Receipt before any other I have made most use of, & I find it to be the very best, and most infallible of them all; and this will hardly leave one Bot Trunchion or Worme in all his Body: I forbeare to report unto you, what quantity of these Vermine, a Horse hath voyded at a time, for I love not to relate Wonders. Another Receipt I will deliver you, how­beit not equivalent to the former, which is this, viz.

Take the tender tops of greene broome, and of Saven, of each halfe a handfull, chop them very small, and work them up into Pils with fresh or sweet Butter; and having kept the Horse over night fa­sting, give to him three of these Pills in the Morning early, then set him upon the Trench, and let him fast two houres after, but give him no Water till night, and that white Water. ✚. This also have I ex­perienced, and have found it to be very good, for it hath caused the Horse to voyd many of these bad Cattle. I will conclude with this: viz.

Take a quart of Milke warme from the Cow, and put to it of Ho­ney halfe a pint, and give it him the first day; the next day take Rue and Rosemary, of each halfe a handfull, stamp them well together, then let it infuse, together with the powder of Brimstone, and Soute, so much as will suffice, foure houres in Wort or Ale a quart, then straine it, and give it him bloud warme; then let him bee walked or gently ridden an houre or two, and so set him up warme, and give him Hay an houre before you give him any drinke, which let bee white Water, and you must not give him Hay in foure or six houres after you have given him his foresaid drinke. And you must withall remember, that in all Medicines as well for this kind of Malady, as for any other his drinke must be either a sweet Mash, or else white Water. ✚. This also is a very good Receipt, and I have had good experience of it, and it hath evermore wrought well. ✚.

§. 16. B.

WHat helpe have you for a Brittle Hoofe?

This cometh two waies, to wit, by nature, or by accident: it cometh naturally when the Stallion who begat him, or the Mare which did Fole him, was subject to the same infirmity; and therefore I doe advise all men to forbeare Breeding with such a Stallion or Mare, for all their Colts will bee in danger to partake thereof. Brittle hoof If it come Accidentally, then must it fall out to come either by some Surfet that fell downe into the Feet, which caused a siccity in the Hoofes, or else in that he had beene formerly Foundred or heat in the Feete, and not well cured. I need not shew the Signes [Page 101] whereby to know this Malady, being it is most apparant. As tou­ching the Cure, I will give you but only one Receipt for the pre­sent; by reason I shall have occasion to handle it more largely when we come to intreate of the Hoofes. And the Cure is this: viz.

Take a Rape, or a Drawing Iron, and with eyther of these make the Coffin of the Hoofe fine and thin, in all such places as you shall see cause, and pare the Soles very thinne also; then apply to the Feete, as well Soles as Coffins this ensuing Charge. Take Ry-bran, or for default thereof, Wheate-bran, Oxen or Cowes-dunge, of these so much as will suffice, then take Sheepes-Suet, and Hogs-grease tryed, Tarre, and Turpentine of each halfe a pound, mince the Sheepes Su­et very small, and melt it on the fire, then put to your Hogs-grease, and when these be molten, put in your Oxe or Cow-dung, stirring them well together, then by degrees put in your Bran, continnually stirring them, and lastly your Tarre and Turpentine, and when you have kneaded al these so well together as that they are become one body and like to paste: take them from the fire and so keepe them for your use, and being only warme, stop his Soles therewith, but tack on his Shooes first: but for his Coffins make Bagges of course cloath, and first covering all his Coffins good and thick, fasten those bagges over his hoofes to his Pasterns, but take heed they be not too hard ty­ed, yet so as they may stay on; dresse him thus every day once for fifteene or twenty dayes together, and let him not in all that time touch any Water with his Feete, and his Hoofes will become firme and tough againe. After if you turne him forth into moyst ground it will be the better, if the season will permit it. You must during the time of his cure give him continually white Water. ✚. This cure I have often tryed, and it is very good. ✚.

§. 17. B.

VVHat doe you hold good to be applyed to the Heeles and Feete of a Horse, that is bruised and beaten with tra­vell?

Sir, I will give you only one Receipt for this cure, which I have often used, and it is so truly a good one, as that it's equall can hardly be found. And thus it is.

Take of the tender tops of the most angry, Bruised heeles [...] feete. and stinging Nettles you can get one handfull, stamp them very well in a Morter, and when they be throughly beaten, put unto them of Turpentine and tryed Hogs-grease, so much as will suffice, to bring it to a formall Vnguent: Apply this to the Feete and Heeles of your Horse, in bags or cloutes, and let this bee done the very next morning after you come where you may rest him, renew this every day once, and in short time he wilbe sound, and well againe. ✚.

§ 18. B.

VVHat is good to allay burning with Shot, Gun-pow­der, or Wilde-fire?

For this malady I use evermore to take varnish, and to put it into faire water, and to beat the water and varnish very well toge­ther, then I powre away the water from the varnish, and so with a feather I annoynt the place burned, Burning with shot. and in few times dressing, it will kill the fire; which done, I heale the sorance with carnifying and hea­ling salves. ✚ This is very good.

But I will now give you two or three other unguents, which are most precious against all sorts of burnings, which is this.

Take Hogges grease as much as will suffice, set it upon the fire, and let it boyle well, and as the skimme ariseth, take it away with a fea­ther or such like thing, untill no more will arise; that done, and that it hath boyled enough, then put it forth into an earthen vessell, and set it forth into the open ayre foure or five nights, after which time you must wash it in a great quantity of cleere running or fountaine water, to the end it may be free from salt or other filth, and wash it so long in sundry waters in some great bowle, until it come to be very white, Then melt onely this oyntment, and so keep it for your use, where­with annoynt the places grieved, and in short time it will cure them. ✚ This I had of a famous French Marishall, and I have often used it, and I ever found it to be most soveraigne for all sorts of bur­nings. But if Hogges grease may not be had, then take the fat of Ba­con, and wash it well, and it is marvellous good. ✚ Another,

Take fresh butter, and the whites of egges, of each as much as will suffice, beat them well together, till you bring them to a formall un­guent, and annoint the places burned therewith, and it will speedily take away the fire and cure them soundly. ✚ This is also speciall good. Another.

Take a stone of quick-lime which must be well burned, (that which is best burned, will be lightest) dissolve it in faire water, and when the water is settled, so as all the Lime remaineth in the bottome, straine the cleerest of the water thorow a fine cleane linnen cloath, then put unto this water either the oyle of Hemp-seed, or of the oyle of Olive, of like quantity with the water, and so beating them well together, you shall have an excellent unguent most precious for all sorts of burnings. And the nature of these three unguents be to leave no scarres. Wherefore we apply them for most soveraign remedies as well for man as beast in cases of this nature. ✚ This also I have of­ten tryed, and I have found them all to be most singular.

§ 19. B.

HOw doe you take away bunches, knots, warts, and wens, from a Horse?

These kindes of sorances doe come to a Horse, by meanes of much ranknesse of bad bloud, which is engendred of peccant hu­mours, which humours doe proceed of naughty meat. Bunche [...] Knots, [...] They are so ap­parant to the eye, that any man may point at them with his finger. The way to free your Horse of them, is first: take up such veines as you may know to feed them; then shave away the hayre from about the places, and for foure dayes together, lay Aegiptiacum to them; at foure dayes end, wash and bathe the places with strong wine vineger made hot; then take wine vineger one pinte, green coperas and Dy­ers gals, of each foure ounces, cantharides two ounces, bay salt one handfull, make these into fine powder, and let them boyle on the fire with the vineger a little, and so wash the sorances therewith scalding hot, and every third day continue thus to doe till you perceive them to dry up. Let the scurfe fall away of its own accord at leisure, if any more shall happen to grow forth afterwards, apply the same medicine againe, albeit it was formerly cured by the same thing: yet I have not seen any Horse to fall into the same malady againe, and during the time you have him in cure, let him not come in any water, but keep him in the stable warme. ✚ Another cure is this: First (as before) shave away the hayre, and take up the veins which feed those soran­ces, then sixe dayes after, let him bloud in the heeles to draw away the humours downwards: then wash and bathe him well with hot vine­ger; which done, take a quart of oyle of Nuts, and Verdegreace powdred two ounces, and a quarter of a pinte of Inke; mixe all these well together, and apply it cold to the places, rubbing and bathing them well therewith, and if the knots and warts doe not begin to dry up at the first dressing, then must you begin again every fourth day untill such time as they be throughly cured. ✚ Another, Take course honey one pound, Verdegreace in powder three ounces, mixe these well together with the finest wheat flowre, and so bring it to an oyntment, and after you have cleansed the sorances as before is shewed you, apply this oyntment to the place with a rowler: if there be any warts among the knots, cut them away cleane before you doe apply the said oyntment, and thus doing ten or twelve dayes every other day, he will be perfectly cured. ✚ Another: Shave away the hayre, and take up the veins as aforesaid, then wash and bath the place well, then take mutton sewet, mallowes, and brimstone, make a de­coction hereof, & when you have very well bathed the sorances with the said decoction, take the substance thereof, and putting it between two linnen cloaths, make it fast to the place over night, and in the morning take it away, which done, apply unto the place this unguent, viz.

Take vineger and mutton suet, the gumme of the Pine-tree, new waxe, and rosin of each like much: melt all these together (but put in your Gum last) and so annoint the sorances with a feather twice e­very day till they be whole. Of this Cure I never made tryall, but it seemeth to be a good one. You must not forget in every of these Cures to take up such veines which in your judgement you may finde to feed those sorances, and to shave away the hayre from about them cleane. Now with this other Cure, I will conclude. Wash and bathe the places with the decoction last before mentioned, and lay the sub­stance to the sores. Take then new Waxe, Turpentine, and Gum A­rabicke, of each like much: melt them to an unguent, and herewith annoint the sorances; during which time, let him come into no wa­ter, and the Poults of Mallowes, &c. must be every night applyed till he be whole. Another:

Take (and to conclude) blew slate and brimstone, of each four oun­ces, Verdigrease one ounce, made into fine powder, then take fresh butter four pound, melt it in a small kettle or Posnet, and so soon as the butter is molten, put into it all the former ingredients, and so let them boyle wel; and when you have brought it to a perfect unguent, take it off, and keep it for your use. And when you would use it, warm thereof upon a chafing dish and coles, and annoynt your Horse ther­with upon the sorance, and that but once, and it will suffice. But you must let him bloud the day before you doe annoint him in the necke veine. And at the end of eight dayes, take a quantity of cold Lee, and three ounces of blacke sope, and wash the sorance therewith. This quantity of oyntment will serve but onely for two Horses. Of this Receit I never had occasion to make tryall; but it was taught me by a famous Marishall of France, who commended it unto me for an ex­traordinary good Receit; and truely it seemes to me so to be.

§. 1. C.

WHat is good to bee applyed to a Horse, that hath cast himselfe in his Halter?

This commonly commeth to a Horse which being tyed down to the manger, his eare or Poule itching, with his hinder Foote scratcheth the the place that itcheth, so as when he taketh away his Foote, the Halter catcheth into the Pasterne Ioynt; which he feeling, falleth to striving, whereby he casteth him­selfe downe, and by meanes of the hardnesse of the Cord, he is gau­led even to the very bone, and many times (if he be not opportune­ly rescued) the Halter doth strangle him, and he found starck dead. But if the Horse do escape with life, he will be neverthelesse terrible gauled, which will soone rankle and swell, unlesse cure be presently administred. The signe whereby to know it, is apparant enough. I will give you only two Receipts for this sorance, whereof the first shalbe this; viz.

Take the leafe of the hearb called Saubsucus, Cast in a Halter. stamp it and strayn it, and take only the juyce thereof, and apply the said juyce to the sorance by washing it therewith, after take a linnen cloth, white and cleane, and make it into three or foure folds, steeping the cloath in the said juyce, and bind it on to the place grieved: but in Winter when the said Leafe is not to be had, you must take the second rinde thereof, and do therewith as before; but then note, that before you wash and apply the saide juyce to the wound, you must first wash the sorance with warme Water, and then apply your said juyce, and he shalbe perfectly cured in short time. This I never yet experienced, by reason I could never yet meete with the Hearb. This second I have often tryed, and I have found it to bee infallible, viz. Make a Rowle of fat Wooll, and steepe the same in Vineger and Sheepes Suet so much as will suffice, boyled together till it commeth to bee very thick, and let the Rowle bee full as long, or rather somewhat longer then the place gauled: apply this to the sorance Plaister-wise, and bind upon it a cleane Linnen cloth, changing it twise a day, and in short time it wilbe whole. This is right good. ✚.

§ 2. C.

VVHat Cure have you for a Canker?

This is a very loathsome Sorance, which if it be suffred to run long will so fester, and corrupt the place where it hapneth, that it will violently eate, even to the bone: if it fall upon the Tongue, it will eate the very roote in sunder; if in the Nose, it will eate the very Gristle through; You may easily know this Sorance, for that the places wilbe very raw, and bleed often, and ma­ny times you shall perceive a white Scurfe to grow upon the place grieved. For it is a most Cankerous Vlcer, which ofttimes is engen­dred of a fretting humour. It commeth two waies, that is, eyther of naughty, and corrupt bloud procured by meanes of unwholesome meate, or by some Bilious Humour which came to the Horse by an extreame cold not long before taken, which will cause his bteath to stinke loathsomely. Canker. I will deliver unto you sundry cures for this so­rance, which my selfe have experimented, and have found them to be very good.

Take white Wine halfe a pint, Roch Alome the quantity of a Wall-nut, Bay-salt halfe a Spoonefull, English Honey one Spoone­full, Red-Sage, Rue, Ribwort, Honey-Suckle Leaves, Yarrow, Plan­tine, Bramble-leaves, of each like much, but of every one a little: boyle all these in the white Wine so much as will suffice, till a quar­ter be consumed, and then first inject of this Water into the sorance; or else if the Canker be in the Mouth, wash the place with a clout fast­ned to a sticks end, and so dresse him therewith twice a day or oftner if you shall see cause, till it be whole. ✚. Another

Take greene Coperas, and Alome, of each one pound, white Co­peras foure drammes, boyle these in a pottle of running Water un­till almost the one moiety bee consumed, then take it from the fire, and put into it of Honey half a pound, then holding up his Head with a Drenching Staffe (but yet not too high) with a Pewter or Elder Se­ring or Squirt, inject it into his Nose (if the Canker be there) bloud warme; which done, give presently his head liberty, whereby hee may snuffle and blow forth the corruption, and faile not to inject him thus three or foure times one after the other at every dressing; and do thus Morning and Evening till it bee whole; which will not be long. ✚ But if it be only a sore Mouth, and that it come to be a Canker, then.

Take of the strongest white Wine Vineger, and make it thick with powdred Alome, and so wash the sorance therewith two or three dayes together, for this will kill and destroy the Vlcer; then heale up the Sorance thus; viz.

Take of faire Water a quart, Alome, and Honey, of each foure ounces, Maudeline leaves, red Sage, and Columbine leaves of each [Page 107] a handfull: boyle all these in the Water till halfe bee consumed and every day twice, that is, Morning and Evening, wash his Mouth ther­with bloud-warme, and it will heale him. ✚. Another.

First make this strong Alome Water, viz. Take Alome halfe a pound, Hony halfe a pint, red Sage, and Wood-bind-leaves, of each a handfull: boyle all these in faire water, till halfe bee consumed: with this Water and Hearbs, wash and rub the Sores till they be­come red and raw, then take white Wine Vineger halfe a pint, A­lome powdred two ounces, Ginger powdred halfe an ounce, and of life Honey halfe a pint, mix all these well together, and therewith annoynt the sore Morning and Evening, and it will cure him. ✚.

All these Receipts I have made tryall of, and have found them to be right good. Another.

Take the juyce of the Root Asphodill seven ounces, Quick-lime, & Arsnick of each two ounces, beat and incorporate all these together, and put them into a new pot close stopped, and let it boyle till it come to ashes; these ashes you shall apply to the Sorance twice a day, but the sore must be first washed with strong Vineger, as before is taught.

§. 3. C.

HOw cure you that Horse who hath cast his Hoofe?

This is a troublesome Sorance, yet with care it may be cured: it commeth either by meanes of some Foundring, or by an Accloy, Prick, Stub, Graveling, Quitterbone, or other hurt within the Foote, which breaking out above round about the Cronet, and in time the Hoofe breaking, it falleth from the Foote. I neede relate no Signes whereby to know the same. The Cure is thus.

Take Aquafortis the strongest you can get, Casting the hoofe. and first with a Rape or Drawing Iron, file or draw away the old hoofe somewhat neere, then touch the hoofe so prepared with your Aquafortis, three or foure severall dressings and no more: This done, annoynt the Foote with the Vnguent we doe commonly make for Horses Feete: viz. Take Hogs-grease three pound, Pach-grease two pound, Venice-Turpen­tine one pound, new Wax halfe a pound, Sallet-Oyle one pound: Melt and mix all these upon the fire, and herewith chafe, rub, and annoint the Coffin of the Hoofe up to the very top; and this will bring a new hoofe. ✚

Take also Turpentine halfe a pound, Tarre halfe a pint, new Wax halfe a pound, Sallet Oyle one pint: Melt all these except the Tur­pentine together till they be well mixed, and a little before you take it from the fire, put in your Turpentine, and so stirre it till it be cold; but before hand make him a Buskin of Leather, with a thick sole, made fit for his hoofe, but wide enough, that it may be tyed about his [Page 108] Pasterne, and dresse his hoofe with this medicine, laying Tow or Hurds upon it, and so put on the said buskin, and fasten it to the pa­sterne joynt, or a little above, but so as that the buskin may no way of­fend or trouble the foot, renewing your medicine every day once till it be whole. ✚

This Receit is also most soveraign for a Horse that is hoofe-bound: and as the new hoofe beginneth to come, it behoveth you carefully to observe where it groweth either harder or thicker in one place more than in another, or crumbleth, or goeth out of order or fashion any where about the Hoofe, which when you shall perceive, file the place with your Rape, and so keep the hoofe in good fashion, by which meanes there will come a very perfect hoofe againe: which being, put him out to grasse into some moyst Pasture or Meadow, for that is the onely way to cause the hoofe to becomme tough.

What is the reason that in all your medicines in which you use Turpentine, you put that in last, and not when you put in your other in­gredients?

Sir, I shall give you in a word a sufficient reason for this demand: to wit, if the ingredients which I doe put into any medicine be to be molten upon the fire; as Gums, Pitch, Tarre, Rosin, and the like; if I should put in my Turpentine together at once with the resi­due before it could be sufficiently molten or boyled, the Turpentine (being a drug so subtile) would consume it selfe into vapour, and by that meanes leave the medicine imperfect, and that is the cause why I doe put in my Turpentine evermore a little before I take it from the fire.

§. 4. C.

IN what cases doe you Cauterize, and what be its vertues?

Cauterization or giving of fire is of two natures, viz. Actuall and Potentiall: your Cautery actuall is made by hot bur­ning instruments, with which you seare and burn those places which be requisite for the perfecting of the Cure you have in hand, which cannot be peradventure otherwise well cured, but by giving of the fire: as in case of great impostumations, stanching of bloud in wounds, or in searing of veines, sinewes, or the like: or else in case of dismem­bring, if other meanes be not at hand, whereby to stay the flux of bloud without danger of bleeding to death, and so likewise in very many cases of this nature, wherein I doe advise all men that are not very perfect in giving the fire, that they doe not practise upon Hor­ses of price, Cautery actuall. but first upon Iades, and low-prized Horses, to the end they may the better come to know how to carry their hand, and to understand themselves in this Art the better: as when they are to use the lighter, and when the heavier hand; as also that they do make their circles round, and their lines streight and even, and not crooked [Page 109] or waving. For this actuall fire is a thing most necessary for them that doe truely know and understand the true use and vertue thereof, and therefore it ought to be very carefully, judiciously, and moderately applyed, and never but upon good and very considerate grounds: which in so doing, you shall finde it to be a most soveraigne remedy to hinder and stay all manner of corruption whereunto any member may be enclined, provided that in the handling of your instrument, you touch not Muscles, Arteries, Sinewes, Ligaments, Cords, or the like, for so you may utterly lame where you would set upright, and de­stroy where you would cure, excepting onely in cases needfull. For by applying this actuall fire, you shall joyne and conglutinate parts and members severed, dry up superfluous moysture, and sinke mem­bers swelled: you shall besides bring forth all evill and putrifactious matter congealed and gathered into knots, as Wens, Biles, Pustils, Exulcerations, and the like: you shall also asswage old griefes, and make perfect all such parts of the body as be any way corrupted: nei­ther shall you need feare the increase of any evill humours, by reason that the skin being severed by meanes of the hot iron, it doth ripen and digest all manner of putrifaction and matrative stuffe, whereby it venteth and passeth away much more easily, healing and qualify­ing all griefe and paine, causing the member which before was sub­ject to festring and to gangrene, to become the sounder, and by much the stronger, so as nothing of disadvantage will be remaining, but the scar onely, where the iron passed, and the worst that can be made thereof, will be but a little eye-sore. But then you must have a very great regard unto your Instruments that they be made according to the nature and quality of the place and member which is to be seared: for one fashion will not serve in all causes; for as the places which are to be cauterized are commonly different in shape and proportion, so also ought the shapes and fashions of your instruments to be made accordingly. You are also to have a speciall care to the heating of your instruments, which ought to be done with a right good judge­ment; for as they must not be too cold, so ought they not to be too hot, for by that meanes you may easily enflame the cauterized places too much: Againe, in giving the fire great care must be had to the bearing of the hand, for therein consisteth very great cunning, and as I have before admonished you to be carefull that you touch not any sinew or ligament, so no fire is to be given to the dislocation or fracti­on of any bone. And as touching the mettle whereof your instruments are to be made: some commend and prefer gold, silver, and brasse, or copper before steele or iron: but I will not controule any mans know­ledge confessing mine own to be the least; Onely thus much I may averre of that little I have (through Gods permission) that having made tryall of them all, yet I have ever in all my practise found iron and steele to be the very best, and most certaine to worke with, of all the other mettals, and my reason is, because steele or iron will retaine [Page 110] its once received heat longer than any other mettle, whereby I can­not be so much deceived in my work; for gold, silver, and brasse, as they be sooner made hot than iron or steele, so are they as soone cold: now steele and iron mettals are much more substantiall and harder of nature then the other mettals be, and therefore as they are somewhat longer before they be hot, so they retaine their heat much longer, which during the time of their agitation, workes more surely: a­gaine, a man cannot tell when those other mettals are hot enough, as also when they be too hot, if you put never so little water to them whereby to allay their over-much heat, they suddenly turne and be­come so cold as not to be able to make them worke at all; the con­trary whereof you shall finde to be in the nature of iron and steele. And let this suffice for cautery actuall. Now I will in a word handle cautery potentiall, Caute [...]y potentiall. which as the cautery actuall burneth the flesh by the hot instrument; even so doth cautery potentiall burn the flesh by medi­cine, of which there are three sorts or degrees, namely by corasive, by causticke, 1 C [...]rasive. or by putrifaction. Corasive is when that is applyed to the wound wherein is dead or proud flesh to corrode or eate it away, by which meanes the wound is prepared and made the more fit for Em­plaisters, Waters, or Vnguents which doe carnifie and make good flesh, by which meanes the wound which before was foule, is now become cleane, healed up, and made sound, and these corroding things are commonly Precipitates, Sublimatum, Arsnick, Resalgar, Leads white and red, Verdigrease, Allome, Coperas white and green, Vitreall, Saudaraclia Chrysocollo, Origanum, Mercury, A­conitum, Capitellum, Romane Vitriall, Shavings of Oxe or Hearts-horne, Red-corall, Spunge of the Sea somewhat burned, Vnguentum Apostolorum, Vnguentum Aegiptiacum, Vnguentum Caraccum, Magistra, Sal-niter, Cantharides, Apium, Aqua-fortis, Ciclamine, Melanacardinum, and many more, which I am enforced to leave out partly for want of memory, and partly for want of time; all which doe burne, eate, and corrode the flesh, putting the poore beast to mi­cle paine. A Causticke Caustick. is a greater burner, for that being once put to the skin, will in short time make a wound where none was before, for therewith we doe use to make issues, and where it is set to the flesh or skin, it maketh its way in, whereby we may in shorter space admini­ster our Emplastrum, for Causticks are stronger and more violent than either Putrifactives or Corasives; for whereas Corasives doe work one­ly upon skin broken, and to corrode and eat out dead, proud, spungy and naughty flesh: and Putrifactives doe ripen, mollifie, and prepare the wound for the Causticke; so Caustickes do breake skin and flesh and all; and therefore it is more violent, and burneth worse than any of the two former. Now your Putrifactives Putrefa­ctive. are such medicines as we do commonly apply to Swellings, which we doe make for the most part of medicines compounded; as Poultesses, rosted-Sorrell, white Lilly roots, and the like; for such things are drawers and ripeners, [Page 111] causing swellings which be hard and fleshy, to become soft, and pu­trifactive, and to prepare Sorances for the Causticks, whose nature is to breake and open, what before the Putrifactive had ripened, which otherwise must have beene done by Cautery Actuall or by incision. And this I doe hold sufficient to be handled upon this subject; how­soever much more, and many other particulars may be delivered, yet in this consisteth the substance of all, for by reason I aime at bre­vity, I refer you to Master Blundeviles Offices, and to Master Mark­hams Master-peece, who have intreated hereof very accurately.

§ 5. C.

VVHat good Charge have you to be applyed to the Feet, wherewith to stop them, when the Horse is eyther Surbated or in danger of Foundring?

This commeth commonly to young Horses, which are sorely ridden before their Hoofes and Feete be hardned, as also some­times when Horses upon hard riding and long travell are ill shod, this doth not only cause them to bee Surbated, but also hazardeth their Foundring; which so soone as you do perceive, the first thing you do, Charge for Surbating. is, to cause his Feete to be cleane pickt, that no Gravell be remaining betwixt the Web of the Shoo and the Sole, then wash the Feete with water and salt, and about an houre after let his feete bee throughly well stopped with the Charge prescribed you in Chapter the tenth, §. the sixteenth of this Booke; and hee will bee well in short time.

§. 6. C.

VVHat is the best way to Cleanse and Purge a Horse from all filth, at his first taking up from grasse?

This I have shewed you in the seaventh Chapter of this Booke; but yet I will once againe reiterate it unto you in few words. First therefore, he having beene had into the Stable, the next day, if it be a hot Sunne-shiny-day let his Keeper take him out of the Sta­ble into a place convenient, and there let him hansomely trimme him (a thing which every Groome and Keeper knoweth well enough how to do;) then let him take ordinary soft washing Sope, Cleanse a Horse. and annoint his Head all-over therewith, taking a great care that none of the sope or suds, get into his Eyes or Eares, then wash him with warme Wa­ter, and so purge and wash all manner of filth from his Head and eve­ry part thereof; that done, first wipe all his Head, Eares, Eyes, and Face with a warme linnen cloth; and then wipe & rub him dry with wollen clothes: then Sope his whole body all over Capapee, leaving no part thereof free, especially his Maine and Taile, then wash him very cleane with Buck-lee, with a wispe or wollen cloth, and when [Page 112] you have sufficiently cleansed him, let him be wiped, rubbed, and made dry, as before you have done his Head, & when he is through­ly dry, let him be led into the Stable and so clothed up with a cleane thin soft cloth, and shod up at your pleasure. And by this kinde of Purging, trimming, and cleansing of a Hoofe, I have in three or foure houres space so altered a Horse, as that his owner hath not on the sud­daine knowne him.

§. 7. C.

I Have knowne Horses troubled with sundry sorts of foule or sore heeles, all which carry the name of Scratches in gene­rall, some whereof have Clifts crosse, and overthwart, some Clifts with Cracks, and some long C [...]ifts, &c. What doe you say to these Mala­dies?

I say Sir, that every of these sorts are very foule Sorances, yet soone cured, if the Ferrier bee so well skilled as to take up the Veines, before hee apply his Medicines and Remedies. The Mala­dies do come by Surfets taken by over-heats, by washing his Horse when he commeth home hot, by naughty meate, or by corrupt bloud, the Peccant Humours falling downe-wards and settling in those parts where the Sorances are, whereby they prove most troublesome to the creature, and no lesse noysome to the beholders, for the heeles be very raw, and do run with loathsome water and matter which doth stinke very offensively. Clif [...]s and [...]cks in the Heeles. The signes need no description. The cure is, first to take up the Thigh-veines, whereby to stop and hinder the falling downe of these bad humours which do feed them; then clip or shave away the haire close from about the sores, then wash the places with broken Beere and Butter warme, and dry them againe, which done, apply this Plaister to the places grieved.

Take Sheepes-suet, or Deeres-suet which is much better, and be­ing molten upon the fire, let it coole till you may hold your finger therein; then put to it so much Ry-bran; or (for want thereof) Wheate-bran as will bring it to a salve, lay it to the place Plaister-wise upon Hurds or Tow, and binde a cleane linnen cloath over the Plaister to keepe it on, and so let it remaine foure or five daies with­out medling with it, by which time the Sores wilbe throughly pur­ged, and the scurfe will easily come off; then take old Bores grease well rotted, and melt it upon the fire, and when it is so cold as was the Sheepes, or Deere-sewet, put to it the yolkes of Egges so much as will suffice, and a little Verdegrease in fine powder: incorporate all these well together, bringing them to an Vnguent, with which an­noy at the sores every day once, untill they bee throughly and per­fectly whole. ✚. Another.

Take Oyle de Bay foure ounces, Verdegrease, and Litarge of Gold both in fine powder, of each two drammes, make all these in­to [Page 113] an unguent, and annoynt the sores therwith morning and evening, till they be whole. In every of these Cures, let your Horse come in­to no water. ✚ Another:

Take Soot five ounces, Verdigrease in fine powder three ounces, Orpin one ounce, beat all these together into fine powder, and then adde thereto as much common honey as of all the residue; boyle all these together well, putting into it as it boyleth quick-lime, as much as will suffice, keeping it alwayes stirring till it be well boyled, and is become thick: with this oyntment annoynt the Sores twice every day, untill they be sufficiently cured. ✚ Another:

Take hot wood Ashes and Quick-lime, and with common honey and white wine; make it into one body to a perfect Vnguent, and herewith annoint the Sores; and if this malady have not been long upon the Horse, this oyntment will certainly cure him, but if they be old and have run long upon him, then give him the fire, and then dresse the Burning with the oyntment prescribed you in the former Cure. Another:

Take a round iron, and give the fire towards the extremities or ends of the chops, and annoynt them every day as before, and assure your selfe the clifts, chops, and rifts, will not increase but diminish, and so in short time he will be whole and sound. ✚ This is spe­ciall good.

§. 8. C.

I Would gladly know Hipposerus something of Clisters, and their true natures.

As touching Clisters, there be sundry kindes of Purgations, and therefore to the end you shall the better understand them and their proper vertues; I will first anatomize unto you the severall de­grees of Purgations: and by reason I have been much, and that for a long time versed in this subject, Of Clisters. I am not ashamed to discover unto you from whence I had my first grounds and principles; for every man (as the Proverb is) must have a beginning; to wit, he must be a scholler before he can be Master: for as Seneca saith very well, It is great temerity in any man to take upon him to be a Master, who did never know what it was to have beene a Schollar. My first rudiments therefore I received for Master Blundevile, and after somewhat I attained unto by the help of Master Markham, both very well travelled in this Art, the rest I atchieved partly in my travels, and partly from my particular practise and experience. Now Master Markham followeth Master Blundevile in many things verbatim, in the rest in substance, wherein Master Markham doth more largely dilate and deliver him­selfe, making thereby oft times many things more cleare and appa­rant, yet they both assent in what they say; Purgation defined. viz. that Purgation is de­fined by the learned Physicians to be the emptying and voyding of su­perfluous [Page 114] humours, which doe cumber, pester, and disturb the body with their peccant condition: affirming that such ill humours do breed much bad nutriment, which the learned doe call Cacochymia, which when it will not be corrected or amended, either by faire meanes, or by the help of nature, then must it be compelled, forced, and driven away by Purgation, Vomit, Clister, or Suppository. And whereas Ma­ster Blundevile saith, that Horses are not used to be purged by Vomit, as men be; I in conference with him once asked him the reason there­of; he answered me, for that the necke of the Horse was of that length, as not to be able to purge by vomit, which for the present I tooke for satisfaction; I then imagining the thing not to be knowne, untill such time as I travelling into remote parts, where I had fre­quent commerce with famous Marishals and Ferriers, I at length fast­ned upon one eminent for his faculty, who upon occasion offered, used to administer vomit to Horses as frequently as he did either Purgation or Clyster: which thing when I well observed, I deman­ded if a Horse could vomit, and to what purpose he did administer in that kinde; he answered me that a Horse could vomit, and that he oft times administred for the same end, and thereupon both gave me his Receit, and did administer in my presence, and made me an eye-witnesse to the working, not in one Horse alone, but in sundry o­thers. But now leaving this to its proper place, I come to assoyle your demand as touching Clysters, their natures and vertues. Clysters secundum vulgus are called Glisters, but the more learned assume the name Clyster, borrowed from the latine word Clyster, from whence the French hath it Clystere. Now whereas all other kindes of Physick is r [...]ceived in at the mouth, Clysters and Suppositaries are administred per Anum, whose natures for the most part are to purge the guts, and to cause the Horse to voyd, (and to throw forth of his belly such hu­mours as doe offend him in matter of his health, to allay the sh [...]rpe­nesse of bad humours, to cleanse ulcers, to asswage the griefes and paines in the belly caused by winde or otherwise, and so likewise in many other cases. Now Clysters are not all of one and the same na­ture, neither are they all laxatives (as many doe imagine) or do serve to one and the same end: for some must be made to give ease, some are restringent, and doe binde, some do loosen and purge, some are to cleanse ulcers, old and long running sores, and some to prepare the body the better to receive its Physicke, whereby it may the better worke, which otherwise cannot be administred without much perill to the life of the sicke creature. So that a Clyster is (I say) commonly given for a Preparative or beginning to purgation. And a Clyster by cleansing the guts, refresheth the vitall parts, and prepareth the way before. Wherefore I doe admonish every Ferrier, that when at any time they are to administer Physicke to a Horse, whether Purgative or otherwise, if the Horse be not at the time soluble in body, that after bloud-letting the next day he give a Clyster, and then may he be the [Page 115] bolder to administer what he shall thinke most requisite: lest other­wise by giving medicine, without further preparation, he stirre and provoke the peccant humours, which by reason they cannot finde pre­sent way forth, being hindred by oppilations in the guts, through costivenesse and ventosity, and other impediments do attempt to make their passage by a contrary way, which cannot be done, but with great hazard to the life of the poore beast.

But of what ingredients doe you make your Clysters, Hip­poserus?

We doe usually make our Clysters of Decoctions, of Drugs, of Oyles, and sometimes we adde salt.

What is a Decoction?

A decoction is a broth made of certain herbs, as Mallows, A decoction what it is. Marsh-Mallowes, Palletory, Camomile, and sometimes of white Lilly roots, and other such like things, which we do boyle in water to a third part, and sometimes we use in stead of hearbs and water, to take the fat of beefe broath, or the broath of a Sheeps head, Milke, Whay, and some such kinde of liquor.

What quantity of Broth or Decoction doe you usually put in, whereof to make your Clyster?

That we doe administer according to the age, strength, greatnesse, and corpulency of the Horse; for if he be a Horse of a strong and able body, of large growth, and stature, fat and lusty; we use to put into his Clyster of the decoction three pintes, but if he be of a small growth, weake, sicke, feeble, or leane, then we doe put in but a quart of the same at most: of oyle we use to put in halfe a pinte, of salt two or three drams at most, and sometimes we put in Verjuyce, sometimes Honey, as we shall finde cause: drugs we use, as Sene, Cas­sia, Agarick, Anniseeds, oyle of Dill, oyle of Camomile, oyle of Violets, Sugar-candy, &c.

What quantity of drugs is needfull for one Clyster?

You ought not to exceed the quantity of three ounces in one Clyster at most, neither must you exceed of butter foure ounces, and you must be very carefull your Clyster be not administred more than bloud-warme.

What time is fit for a Horse to keepe or retaine his Clyster?

When you give it him, let him be somewhat empty, but before he doe receive it, let him be raked, and then having admini­stred it, let him keep it at least halfe an houre, to the end it may work in his belly, and so do him the more good, and to cause him the bet­ter to keep the same; let his Keeper (so soone as the Horse hath recei­ved it) hold his tayle close to his tuell for halfe an houres space, or more, for the longer he keepeth it, the more effectuall it will be unto him; the best instrument wherinto give it to a Horse, is a Clister-pipe made of purpose, which ought to be 12 inches in the shanke, which must also be put home, and when the Clyster is assumed, let the giver [Page 116] draw away the pipe by degrees, and not all at once.

I pray set me downe some good Receits of Clysters.

That shall I Sir most willingly: the first Clyster that I ever gave, was to a small Nag of a Gentlemans, which being very costive in his body, and refusing his meat, did droop, languish, and pine a­way; insomuch as the owner fearing his Horses life, repaired unto me for counsell; when I had well considered the nature of his infirmity, together with its symptomes, I held it most requisite to administer a Clyster, 1 Clister. which I did, and it was this: viz. Take the fat of beefe broth one pinte and an halfe, of good English honey halfe a pinte, adding thereto of white salt two drams, mixe all these well, and so admini­ster it bloud warme Clyster-wise, and so soone as he hath taken it, clap his tayle close to his tuell, by the space of halfe an houre together at least, and if then it doe not worke, as I am confident it will, then let one take his backe, and ride him up and down a reasonable round trot some times, (but not so as to cause him to sweat) for halfe an houre more, and set him up warme cloathed and littered, and so let him stand upon his trench foure or five houres; during which time he will purge kindely; then unbit him, and give him sweet hay, and an houre after he hath eaten, give him white water, nor let him drink any cold water in a day or two after. And this you shall finde to be the best re­medy for this malady. ✚.

This I have administred saepe et saepius, and have done great good therewith: for the nature of this Clyster is, to open and loosen the Bo­dy, to bring away with it all offensive Humours, to remoove Obstru­ctions engendred in the Body by meanes of excessive heat; it cleans­eth the Guts, and slicketh away all slimy substance which is residing in the Guts

Why but Hiposerus I observe a contradiction in you, as touching the quantity of your Decoction; for where as you did before affirme that you use to put into your Clysters at the most but three pints, and at the least but a quart; you say that you did administer to this Horse, but a pint and halfe only, which is under quantity of what you did before prescribe?

Sir, in answere hereunto you must understand that in cases of this nature, Physick ought with judgement to be administred, and the reason why I put into the Clyster of this broath so little; was for that the horse was growne very weake, poore, and low of his flesh, and in good yeeres, & was besides a very small Nag, fetched out of Scot­land from the mountaines of Galeway or Galwin, and therefore if I should have made his Clyster so strong, and have added so great a quantity of Decoction to him, as I might peradventure have put to a Clyster for a great, large, fat, healthy, or corpulent Horse, I might have repented it; and therefore I made it as I told you, whereby it wrought most kindly, & did him that good which I hoped, & desired: But passing from this now, let us proceed to intreate yet farther of [Page 117] Clysters, and of their severall kinds. Another.

Take Pellitory two handfulls, 2 Clister Laxative. or for want thereof Melelote two handfulls, or if that may not be had, then Camomile two handfulls, but Pellitory is the best if it may be had; boyle it to a Decoction, and then adde to it, of Sallet-oyle, and of Veriuice of the Crab, of each halfe a pint, of Honey foure ounces, of Cassia two ounces, mixe all these well together, and so apply it bloud-warme Clyster-wise. ✚. This we do call a Clycter Laxative, for this will open the Body and Guts of the Horse very well, it will take from him all noxious and of­fensive humours; it will carry away all spungy matter: it will allay the biliousnesse and sharpnesse of humours; it will cleanse old Vlcers; it will refresh and comfort the Vitall parts, &c. But if you doe finde that by giving too great a quantity, your Horse purgeth and scowreth longer and more violently than you would have had him to have done, or for feare it should stir up in him upon the suddaine more bad humours than you may easily know how to allay, then give him this Clyster, viz. Take the aforesaid Decoction one pint, 3 Clister Restringen [...] adding thereto as much of Cowes milke, (as it commeth warme from her) and put also thereto the yolkes of three new-layed Egges well beaten and well mixed with the said liquour: and so give it your Horse bloud warme. This is called a Clyster Restringent, for this is only to be ap­plyed to a Horse, that is very Laxative, or that doth empty himselfe too much, which is occasioned oft times through overmuch debility, and want of strength, or when nature is very much offended: you may apply this so oft as need shall require. ✚ Another: 4 Clister for fat Horse.

Take Mallowes three handfuls, marsh mallow roots cleansed and bruised, and Violet leaves, of each two handfuls, Flaxe seed three spoonfuls, so many of the cloves of white Lilly roots as you may ea­sily hold in your hand: boyle all these in faire water from a gallon to a wine quart, then straine it, and put thereto of Sene one ounce, which must be infused or steeped in the liquor three houres standing upon the hot embers; then put thereto of Sallet oyle halfe a pinte, and be­ing bloud warme, administer it Clyster-wise, causing him to keep it at least halfe an houre or longer if you may: and the best time to give this is three or foure dayes before the Full and change of the Moon, howsoever it may be given to very good profit (as occasion may pro­fer it selfe) at any other time. ✚ This Clister is to be given to a Ketty or fat Horse, which otherwise cannot be kept cleane, for it purgeth glut abundantly, and it is also principally to be given to a Horse that is newly taken from grasse. Another: 5 A Clister for melan­choly,

Take of Whey a qu [...]t, of Anniseeds in fine powder, two penni­worth, of the leaves of Mallowes one handfull; boyle these till the Mallowes be soft, then straine it, then put to it of sweet Butter foure ounces, which when the butter is molten, administer it bloud-warm. ✚ This purgeth melancholy, it causeth a good appetite which be­fore was wanting, it refresheth the spirits dulled, and occasioneth [Page 118] good digestion if the Horse be kept warm, and well tended. Another:

6 Clister in case of despe­rate sick [...]esseTake of the oyle of Dill, of the oyle of Camomile, of the oyle of Violets, of Cassia, of each halfe an ounce, and of browne sugar can­dy in powder, three ounces, then take of Mallow-leaves halfe a handfull: boyle the Mallowes first to a Decoction in faire water, then straine it, and put to the broth all the forenamed ingredients, admini­ster this bloud-warme Clyster wise. This is a most soveraigne Clister to be given in case of desperate sicknesse; it helpeth all Feavers; it is good against the Pestilence, and all languishing diseases, most excel­lent against Surfets, either by Provender or otherwise, and it will occasion great strength in short time, if it be rightly made, and care­fully given. ✚ Another:

7 Clister for the Pesti­lence.Take the pulpe of Colliquintida, halfe an ounce, (I meane the seeds and skin taken away) of Dragantium three quarters of an ounce, of Centuary, and of Wormwood, of each halfe a handfull, of Ca­storeum a quarter of an ounce, boyle all these in three quarts of wa­ter to a quart; then straine it, and dissolve into the broth of Gerolo­gundinum three ounces, and of white salt three drams, of Sallet oyle halfe a pinte, and bloud warme administer it Clister-wise. ✚.

This I have often proved, and doe finde it to be most excellent for the Pestilence, and to helpe all Feavers. Another:

8 Clisters Lenitive.Take the decoction of Mallowes, and put to it either of fresh But­ter foure ounces, or of Sallet oyle halfe a pinte, and give it him Clister-wise. ✚ This is the gentlest Clister of any before prescribed; for it is both a Lenitive, and a great cooler of the body, and doth infinitely ease paine. It is the best thing can be given to a Horse that is taken, or against Convulsions, or Cramps, and most singular against Costive­nesse proceeding from any sicknesse or surfet by Provender, foun­dring in the body, &c. Another:

9 Clister for the Collick.Take salt water or new made brine 2 pints, dissolve therein a pretty quantity of Sope, and so bloud-warm administer it Clister-wise. This I never did experience, howsoever I have been oft perswaded by many able Ferriers, who have averred it to be the most excellent that may be had for the Collick, or any sicknesse or gripings in the guts or belly. And let this suffice for Clisters: onely by way of advise I counsell you that before you administer any Clister, you first rake him; that you put in the Pipe (being first annoynted with sweet Butter or oyle Olive) gently and by degrees, and that you also draw it forth very treatably; that you make him keep it at least halfe an houre; that you doe administer it but bloud warme at most; that you squeeze and presse between your hands the bladder strongly; and lastly, that you let him not drink any cold water in a day or two after, but let it be either a sweet Mash, or else white water.

§. 9. C.

VVHat is good to be applyed to a Horse that is cloyed, prickt, or hath other hurt in the hoofe?

You must first with your Butter, Drawing iron, or Paring knife, lay the wound bare as may be; then

Take waxe, Hogs grease, and Turpentine, of each one ounce, Cloyed. Verdigrease two ounces, boyle these upon a gentle fire, your waxe and Hogs grease being first put in and molten, then put in your Tur­pentine, and lastly your Verdigrease in fine powder, and being in­differently warme, dip Tow or Hurds into the oyntment, and so lay it to the Sore, then stop and splent it up, and dresse him twice a day, and this will make him whole and sound in short time. ✚ But of this more in its due place.

§ 10. C.

VVHat say you to a Horse whose Cods and Stones are swelled?

This infirmity proceedeth from sundry causes, as some­times by being bitten with a Dog, or with another Horse, or by being stung with some venemous or evill creature: The French do call it Enflure de Coullon's: Cods swelled. It commeth also by meanes of some evill hu­mours and corrupt bloud which doe fall down to the cods, sometimes after sicknesse, and sometimes of ranknesse of bloud and seed, for want of a Mare. If it come by ranknesse of seed or of bloud, then let him have a Mare, and cover her two or three dayes together, and halfe an houre after, ride him into the water above the cods or stones, against the streame, and he will doe well. ✚ But if this disease come by other causes, then

Take the Lees of Claret Wine, and Comen-seed, made into fine powder, and a little Wheat or Beane flower; boyle these together to an unguent, and so warme as he may well endure it, annoint the cods therewith, which done, draw forth his yard, and wash it, and his sheeth also with white wine vineger; and three or foure houres after, ride him into the water above the cods, and let him also stand in the water some short time, and sometimes ride him against the streame: doe this every day till the swelling be asswaged. ✚ This is a very good Cure. Another:

Take the roots of wild Cucumbers, and white salt, so much as will suffice, boyle these in faire water to an oyntment, and annoynt the cods therewith warme: and then apply this oyntment.

Take Goats grease, or for default thereof, Deeres suet, the white of an Egge, and Sallet oyle: boyle these over a gentle fire, and here­with annoynt the cods, but this must be applyed after he hath been [Page 120] ridden into the water and dry againe: doe this every day once till he be well. ✚ This I have often tryed, and have found it to be right good. Another:

First, annoynt and bathe the cods in the juyce of Hemlock, and when it is dryed, then

Take Pigeons dung, and new Milke, and boyle it till it be as thick like to a Poultesse, and therewith annoint the cods every day once. Another:

First let him bloud in both the spur or flanck veines; Then take oyle of Roses and vineger, of each a pinte, and of Bolearmonack in fine powder two ounces: make all these into one body, and being luke­warme annoynt the cods therewith, and the next day ride him into the water up to the cods against the streame; then bring him into the stable, and when he is through dry, annoynt him againe: thus conti­nuing to do, till he be well. But if the cods be swolne by meanes of any hurt, bite, or stroke, then apply to them this following charge:

A charge for swelled cods.Take Bolearmonack in powder, vineger, and the whites of Egges as much as will suffice, well beaten, and wrought together, and an­noynt him therewith daily till it be abated, and if it impostumate, where you finde it to be soft, open it either with a hot iron, or with your incision knife, if it breake not of it selfe, and so heale it up with the oyntment taught you in lib 2. cap. 10. § 4. and it will soone be whole. ✚ This is very soveraigne.

§. 11. C.

VVHat say you to the Collick?

It is Sir, a disease which commeth of winde, and therefore we generally call it the winde collicke; the French call this disease the Tranchaisons; Collicke. it causeth great gripings, and ex­treame paine in the belly of the Horse, so as he will oft times lye down and tumble; he will also strike at his belly with his hinder feet, and stamp with his fore-feet; and the paine will be so great as to cause him to forsake his meat: these signes I have often observed in Horses perplexed with this malady; and albeit I have sundry Receits for it, and all or the most of them by me tryed and approved good, yet one of Master Blundeviles and Master Markhams, I hold inferiour to none of mine, for I have often tryed it; and this is it.

Take a quart of Muskadine, or of sweet Sack, of Cloves, Pepper, Cinamon, of each halfe an ounce, Sugar two ounces, make all these into fine powder, and give it him bloud warme: then annoynt his flankes with oyle de Bay; (but I often use to annoynt them with the oyntment of Acopum, I finding it to be much better) then bridle him up, and trot him out a good round trot, or gallop him softly sometimes the space of an houre untill he doe dung, but if he will not, then rake him, or else put an Onyon pilled and jagged into his [Page 121] fundament: then for three or foure dayes, let his drinke be either sweet Mashes, or white water, and keep him warme, and he will doe well againe. ✚ Another: Keep him fasting over night, and in the morning give him this drinke.

Take of white Wine a quart, Fenugrick foure ounces, Bay-berries, and Pepper, of each foure ounces, Graines, and Ginger, of each one ounce, Water-Cresses two handfuls, Sage one handfull, Sengrene one pound, Mints a handfull, stampe the hearbs; and pound the spi­ces, and put them into the wine, and let it boyle a little, then straine it, and put to it of life Honey two spoonfuls, and so give it him bloud-warme. ✚ This I have also found to be very good: notwithstanding if he be a stoned Horse, the best cure for him is to have a Mare, especi­ally if he be so troubled with the collicke, so as that he cannot pisse; besides it helpeth and preventeth sundry sorts of sicknesses and dis­eases, and strengtheneth nature. ✚ Another:

Take of white Wine one pinte, and three or foure Cantharides: and make them into very fine powder, and give this to the Horse (well brewed in wine) bloud-warme. This I never tryed, for that these flyes being a strong corasive, have deterred me, howsoever I have been often invited thereunto by many good Ferriers, who have averred unto me, that they have often used it, and have found it to be right good. Another:

Take Cloves, Pepper, Cinamon, of each one ounce; all made in­to fine powder, and well mixed, then put it into a quart of Muska­dine, and let it boyle a while; then take it off, and put to it of Honey one spoonfull; give it him bloud-warme: which done, cloath him up, and litter him, and so let him stand upon his trench foure houres; then give him meat, and an houre after a sweet Mash, or white wa­ter. This was taught me by a Noble Knight, who said he had often used it. But if your Horse hath the collicke and stone, then

Take of white wine one pinte, of Burr-seeds eight ounces, Collicke and Stone. made in­to fine powder, of Parsley-seed two ounces, in powder also, of Isope, unset Leekes, and Water-Cresses, of each halfe a handfull, of black Sope halfe an ounce; stamp all the hearbs in a morter, and straine them with the Wine, then put to that liquor, your Burre and Parsley seeds, and so give it him bloud-warme; this will breake the stone, and bring it from him with much ease, and cure his Collicke. ✚ This I have often administred.

§ 12. C.

VVHat Disease is that which is called the Colt Evill?

It is a disease in the yard, sheath, and cods of a Horse or Gelding, and it commeth to Horses by meanes of heat and ranknesse of seed; and to a Gelding, by weaknesse and coldnesse of seed, to the Horse through too great abundance of seed, which cau­seth [Page 122] a stopping in the pipe or conduct of the yard, Colt-Evill. and to a gelding for want of heat and strength to send it forth, whereby the yard and sheath swelleth very much. The best way to cure a Horse is to give him a Mare, whereby he sendeth forth his seed freely, and then two or three houres after swimme him, or else ride him up to the flankes to and fro a pretty while against the streame. This disease is knowne by the swelling of the yard and sheath; I have cured many Horses and Geldings with this ensuing Receit. First swimme him, but specially a­gainst the streame foure or five dayes together, then apply this Plaister.

Take Beane-meale, and Mallowes, of each one handfull, Hogs grease halfe a pound, chop the Mallowes small, then put to the Hogs grease, and so boyle it with a pinte of white Wine, and when it is boyled, put it into a cloath, and wrap his cods therein; and so order it as that it may gather like a purse, and make it fast so, as it may nei­ther fall off, nor hurt him: dresse him herewith every day till he be well. ✚ I have had great experience of this Receit: but if you be de­sirous to have variety, then looke over Master Blundevile and Master Markham, who are well stored.

§ 13. C.

WHat is best to be given for a cold?

There are so many and so good, as that I am to seeke almost to know how to begin, they be of so many, and sundry sorts of them, Cold. for some are for colds newly taken, some for old colds, some for colds that bringeth the Glanders, &c. Wherefore for colds newly taken at first, you must understand (Sir) that a cold newly taken (a thing not to be prevented, by reason it oft times com­meth by meanes and wayes unknowne) you must observe first, that if your Horse be propense to many bad humours, whereof some Hor­ses are more than others, you must first then labour to expell them by purging his head, then search betwixt his jawes, and if there you do finde any small kernels, then be you assured he hath a new-taken cold, but if he have great kernels, then was not the cold so lately ta­ken as you might have imagined; also if he doe rattle in the head, it is a signe his cold is newly taken, or if he doe voyd any thinne matter forth of his nose or eyes, or if he hold his head into the manger; or if when he drinketh, the water commeth out of his nostrils, or that he cougheth oft, and sometimes perhaps cheweth mattrative stuffe be­twixt his teeth, &c. These and many others be certaine signes of a Pose, Catarre, and newly taken cold, wherein is no danger if it be taken in time, otherwise it will come to a worse matter; I will now give you sundry good Receits, most of which I have often try­ed and found to be right good. First, I hold moderate exercise, and seasonable ayering to be marvellous good without further applying [Page] of medicines; but if you finde that he is much stopped in the head then,

Take a small quantity of fresh or sweet Butter, and of brimstone made into fine powder; work them together til they be one entire bo­dy, & of a deep yellow gold colour, then take two long wing. Goose-feathers, and annoynt them herewith to the very quils on either si [...]; which done, rowle them in more of the powder of Brimstone, and so put them up into either nostrill one, and at the but end of the quils, put a strong packthred, which must be fastned over his pole, like to the headstall of a Bridle: and then leap his back, and ride him mode­rately up and down an houre or longer, and this will provoke him to snort and snuffle forth of his nose and head much of the congealed filth which is in his head, then tye him to the Racke for an houre af­ter, and this will purge his head very cleane: then draw forth the fea­thers, and he will doe well, keeping him warme, and giving him Mashes or white water every day for foure or five dayes after. This Receit was taught me for more than 30 yeares since by a famous Ma­rishall of France, which since I found in Master Markhams Master­piece, but I hold it one of the best things can be prescribed for this Malady. ✚ Another very short, but as good.

Take of Time one handfull, boyle it in a quart of strong Ale, till it come to a pinte, then straine it, and adde thereunto of ordinary Treacle two spoonfuls, and give it him bloud-warme. ✚ Another.

An excellent drinke to be given to a Horse for a new-taken cold, provided he be young, that is, not above five yeares old.

Take of French Barly halfe a pound, put it into a posnet, and put thereto of faire water one quart, and set it upon the fire, and let it boyle a little, then take it off, and draine the water from the Barly, and cast away the water, then adde the second time the like quantity of water, and boyle it as much as you did the first t me, and then draine it from the water, & cast away the water again, then adde once againe the like quantity of a quart of water, as you did twice before, and boyle that also so long a time as you did the two former waters, draine this also from the Barly, but cast it not away, but keep it, and then adde to the water of Anniseeds and Licoris, of each halfe an ounce, make them into very fine powder, and searce them, and put the said powder into the boyled water, and adde to it of white sugar-candy, foure ounces, then set it upon the fire in a cleane skillet, and so boyle it up untill a third part be consumed, then take it off and straine it, and give it your Horse bloud-warme; drench him thus three mor­nings together, and it will ripen his cold and cause it to come away. This is very good. ✚ Another:

Take of white wine vineger the best and strongest, five spoonfuls, and put to it of oyle de Bay one spoonfull, warme it upon the fire, stirring it well; this must be made and given in the morning: but when you doe administer it, you must first put your drenching horn [Page 124] into faire water that is good and hot, to keep the medicine from stick­ing to the horne, then taking it forth out of the hot water, before the horne can be cold, and whilst it is yet moyst with the water, put the one halfe of your medicine into the same, and so as speedily as may be, convey it into one of his nostrils, and after the other moity into his other nostrill; this done, ride him for halfe an houre mode­rately, then set him up, and cloath and litter him warme, and let him stand upon the trench three or foure houres before you give him a­ny meat, and after doe as is accustomed to be done to sicke Horses in Physicke. ✚ This I doe approve to be equivalent to either of the two former. Another:

T [...]ke water and salt so much as will suffice, brew them well toge­ther, it then being made bloud-warme, give it him, and doe after as is usuall. ✚ This for a new taken cold I have often used, and I doe finde it to be singular good to be given to a young Horse. Ano­ther:

Take of oyle de Bay, of Anniseeds, and of Licoris, of each one halfe penny worth, and of browne sugar-candy a penny worth, make all these into fine powder, and being well mixed, sew it up into a fine linnen rag, and so fasten it unto the Bit or Snaffle of the Horse, and so ride a journey, and travell him, and in short space he will be cured, if it be a new-taken cold onely. ✚ This I have also proved, and I doe finde it good, for it will cure both cold and cough if it be rightly ap­plyed, to wit, with riding and exercise. Another:

Take of white Wine one pinte, Sallet oyle a quarter of a pinte, Rubarb and Aloes, and Saffron, of each two drams, Nutmeg, Sene, Agarick, Bay-berries, Duke or Dutch powder, and of Cordiall powder, of each halfe an ounce: mixe all these together, and then adde to it of Honey foure ounces, warme them well in a Pipkin, and give it him to drinke bloud-warme, but let him stand upon the trench at least three houres before, and three houres after, neither let him for all that day eate any Oates, but in its stead, let him have Wheate-bran, and let his drinke be that day either a warme Mash, or white water, and no cold water, but this white water for foure or five daies after, and put into his Provender for some time Fennugrick made in­to grosse powder. ✚ This is a most soveraigne drinke to be given for a cold. But if you do finde, that his head is very much oppressed with a Pose or Catar, then give him this drinke twice a day, viz. Take Fe­nugrick one ounce, and boyle it in a good quantity of water till it burst, then mixe with the decoction thereof wheate meale, as much as will suffice, and give it him to drink. Another:

Take a quart of the best Ale, and warme it upon the fire, and put into it so much Tobacco made into fine powder, as you can take up upon a shilling at twice, and as much dryed Rosemary in fine pow­der as you may take up upon a shilling at once; give him this to drink bloud-warme in a morning fasting. This drinke is called Potio-Necotiana, [Page 125] but I did never make tryall thereof, for that I once saw it given by a Ferrier to a sicke Horse, which so wrought with him, as that with all his Lenitives and Cordials, the Ferrier had much labour to save the life of the poore Horse; this potion was so violent, which notwithstanding drove the Horse into a most dangerous Calentura. But the next is better.

Take a Hens egge, and make a hole in the top thereof, no bigger than that you may get forth the white and yolke: Then take Tarre and sweet Butter, of each like much, as much as will suffice, incor­porate these well together into one body, and so convey it into the egge shell, and give it your Horse three or foure mornings together, and either journey him gently, or else ride him three or foure houres after it; which done, bring him into the Stable and cloath him up warme, and litter him well, and let him be well rubbed, and so keep him upon the trench two houres after, and then give him Hay, and an houre after give him either a warme Mash, or white water; and this will help a cold newly taken. ✚ This will not make him sicke, for I have often made tryall of it. Another as good as this.

Take the long white mosse that groweth upon an old dry Parke pale, one handfull, chop it small, and put it into a pottle of good Ale or Beere, till one halfe be consumed; then take it off, and straine and presse it hard, and put into the liquor of Anniseeds and Licoris, of each halfe a spoonfull, and a piece of sweet Butter, and so give it him three mornings together fasting, and it will cure him. X Another, if he hath taken a cold or poze in the head.

Take a quart of Muskadine, or sweet Sacke, of Nutmegs, Pepper, Cominseed, Graines, Bay-berries, of each three drams, all made in­to fine powder: boyle these a waume or two, then take it off, and put into it a piece of sweet Butter, and give it your Horse three mornings together bloud-warme; let him all those three dayes be kept warme, neither let him drinke any cold water, but either a sweet Mash, or white water, yea and that three or four dayes after; and during these three dayes, let him fast three houres after the receit of his said me­dicine. Also three dayes after when you perceive the cold to begin to breake from him, and to rot, cause him to sneeze, by blowing into either nostrils, either the powder of Tobacco, or of Pepper, or of E­lebore. X Another which will cure a longer-taken cold, yea though it be accompanyed with a dry cough and shortnesse of breath, or pur­sivenesse, which I had of Master Markham, and I have often made tryall thereof, and it hath done cures which have been held impossi­ble to have been effected.

Take of the conserve of Elecampane three quarters of an ounce, and dissolve it in a pinte and a halfe of sweet Sacke, and so give it your Horse with a horne in a morning fasting, and ride him gently a little after: and thus doe sundry times untill you doe finde the infir­mity to decrease.

But Hipposerus, this Conserve of Elecampane I doe suppose is hard to come by, for surely every Countrey Apothecary hath it not; how then may a Man make this Confection you so much commend?

Sir, this Conserve I make my selfe, and I will give you the receipt hereof. You must understand that there bee two kinds thereof, the one is called particularly a Preserve, and the other an absolut [...] Conserve. The first is Simple, the other Compound, both ve­ry soveraigne for this Infirmity, but the Conserve is evermore to bee esteemed the better, and I do counsell you never to be without either of them: for they will keep the whole yeere through, if they be re­served close stopped. Wherefore as touching the first which is the Simple, you must preserve it like as you doe all other greene rootes, and so keepe them in a Gally pot or Glasse in a good quantity of its owne Sirop, till you have occasion to use the same; and when you are to use it, let it bee beaten well in a Morter together with its Sirop and refined Sugar made first into very fine powder. Now your Compound or Conserve is thus made: First, let your roots of Ele­camp [...]ne be neatly Candied, and made very dry and hard, and get the best and youngest Rootes can be had, which must be kept also in a Gally pot or Glasse close stopped, in a dry and warme place where they may not give againe; and when you would use them, take so much as will suffice, and beat it in a Morter with the Sirop of Colts soote, and the powder of refined Sugar, still working it till you have brought it to be a perfect Conserve, and so given to your horse in good sweet Sacke or Muskadine. The first of these two, to wit, the Simple, is of most excellent use, for it helpeth any ordinary cold or stopping, it comforteth the Lunges, enlargeth his Winde, purgeth the Head from all filthy matter, and dissolveth many other obstructions, as well in the Body, and Head. But the Compound or Conserve worketh better effects in the Body of the Horse, especially if the Malady be old and dangerous, or if there be any taint, in the Lunges, Liver, or in­ward parts: This Conserve in time, by frequent use thereof will cure all dry Coughs which are held to be incurable, it helpeth the hea­ving of the Belly and Flankes, it causeth the Horse to take his Wind kindly and temperately, and freeth him of his dry Cough which be­fore did greatly annoy him; but if you have not these conserves, take this other Receipt little inferiour to the former for these Maladies.

Take of the sirop of Colts-foote, one ounce, of Elecampane rootes dryed, Anniseeds, and Licoris, of each halfe an ounce, all made in­to fine powder, browne Sugar Candy powdred one ounce, which must be divided into two parts, then take sweete Butter so much as will suffice, and so make this into three Pills good and stiffe; which done, rowle them in the other moyty of your powdred Sugar Can­dy, and so give them your Horse fasting, then ride him gently for halfe an houre, and after set him up warme, and let him fast three houres after, causing him to be well rubbed: let him drinke no cold [Page 127] water, unlesse it be with exercise, and let his Hay be sprinkled with water, and his Oats wet in strong Ale, or else with Beere. ✚. Ano­ther very good.

Take the cankerous Mosse of an old Pale, or of the lymbes of an old Oake two handfulls, chop and shred it small, and boyle it in a pottle of new Milke, and with it a roote of Alecompane, let these boile together till halfe be consumed, then straine it, and presse the Mosse and Roote very well; which done, put to it of sweete But­ter the quantity of a Ducke-Egge, and so give it him in a morning fasting bloud warme, and ride him moderately an houre after: then set him up, cloath him and litter him warme, and order him as is ac­customed with Horses in Physicke: Let him have this drink three mor­nings together, and it will cure both his Cold and Cough wet or dry, or his Poze if he have it. But if you find your Horse to be stop­ped in the Head, and that he voydeth filth, and stinking matter out from his Nose, then shall you every morning administer this fume.

Take of Auripigmentum and of Colts-foote made into powder, of each two drammes, then with Venice Turpentine worke them into a stiffe paste, and make them into small Cakes the breadth of a six­pence, and dry them a little, and then put fire into a Chafing-dish with coales, and so put one of these Cakes upon the coales, covered with a Tunnell, and so fume him, and this not only during his Phy­sicke, but at other times after, and let his drink be either sweet mashes or white water. ✚. Another, if your Horse hath a new taken cold, then give him this Caudle, which I have often used and do find it to be very good.

Take the yolkes of foure new layd Egges, and beate them well to­gether and dissolve them with a quart of good Ale, then take three good Nutmegs with a little Anniseeds & Licoras, made all into fine powder, and as much Pepper in fine powder as you can take up up­on a sixpence; put these into the Ale, with a peece of sweet Butter so much as will suffice, and two spoonefulls of ordinary Treacle, and of browne Sugar Candy foure ounces, warme all these upon the fire till the Treacle and Butter be molten, then give it him bloud warme, foure or five mornings together; and this is an infallible cure. ✚. Another very good.

Take a pottle of sweet Wort, three heads of Garlick pilled, of or­dinary Honey halfe a pound. boyle these till one moiety bee consu­med, and give it your Horse three mornings together: Then for three mornings together after, give him these Pills. Take Boxe leaves and Harts-tongue, of each so much as will suffice, stamp them well together, and with sweet Butter make it into Pills; and so every morning give him three of these Pils. ✚. But if he hath a cold which breaketh and runneth from him, then must you be carefull to keepe his Head and Pole warme, by putting on a double Hood, and every [Page 128] Morning fasting, ride him with two long Goose-feathers put up into either Nostrill, well dipped before hand in Oyle de Bay, and with a strong Packthread from the ends of the quils fastned over his head like a Headstall of a Bridle, so as the feathers may not get forth, and fasten also to his Bit or Snaffle one Rooteor two of Polipodium; ha­ving beene all night before laine steeped in the oyle of Spike, and e­very time you ride him annoint the Bit thus before hand prepared with the said Oyle, and when he commeth home, put upon his pole his double hood, and rub him against the hayre all over, especially his Neck and Pole, (for friction in this case is most soveraigne) then whilst he is yet warme perfume his Nose with Frankinsence, Storax, and Beniamin, of each like much; do this nine daies together, and let his drinke be white water: for all Rhumes having had time to worke their malice will become dangerous, yea and many times curelesse. ✚. Now if your Horse hath taken an extreame cold; then:

Take Cloves, Nutmegges, Ginger, Galls, or the fruit of the Oake and Cardimums, of each like quantity so much as will suffice, and of Fennell-seeds more than any one of the other Ingredients, make them into fine powder, and searce them, then put two Spoonefulls of this powder to a quart of Sack or muskadine, and straine these into two penny-worth of English Saffron, and the yelkes of two new laid Egges well beaten together, give this to your horse bloud warme fa­sting, and let him have none other drinke than white water for three or foure daies after, and let his Hay be sprinkled with water, and eve­ry day at noone give him the blades of reed, or the leaves of Sallows to eate out of your hand, for they be very good for him, and cooling for his body: do this divers mornings together, and it will not only cleanse his Cold, but also open his Pipes, and set his wind at liberty. But if your horse have an inward cold, which lyeth lurking in his Lunges or Stomacke, then give him this Medicine.

Take Oyle de Bay and good Tar, of each the quantity of three Wallnuts, halfe as much Hony, browne Sugar-candy in fine pow­der halfe an ounce, mixe these with a quantity of powdred Brim­stone so much as will suffice, and sew them into a fine linnen cloth, and ty it to his Bit or Snaffle, and so ride or journey him moderate­ly till all be dissolved into his body, then bring him into the stable, and cloth and litter him warme, and three houres after give Hay, and after a warme Mash; use him thus three mornings together and lon­ger, if you shall see cause. ✚. Another.

Take bloud from him, if you have ground for the same, other­wise not, Bran pre­pared. then insteed of giving him Oates, you shall give him bran boyled in water after this manner, viz. Set a Kettle over the fire al­most full of water, & when it beginneth to boyle, put in your bran, and let it boyle a full quarter of an houre at least, then take it off, and let it stand till it bee almost cold, and about foure or five a clocke in the morning, give him this Bran so hot as he can eate it; then for his [Page 129] drinke, give him the same water, and at night give him Oates and white water, and let him be covered and littered warme; if it be in Summer, let not the Stable be too hot, for that will take away his stomacke, and make him faint and sweat too much; and at night give him the quantity of what you can put into an Egge-shell among his Oates of this powder following, to which you must keep him for eight dayes together or longer, if you shall see cause. You must un­derstand that the boyled Branne is that which dryeth up all his grosse and corrupt humours, which was the cause of his cold. Now the powder is this, viz. Take of Comen-seed, Fenugrick, Silleris-Montani ( alias Sisileos) Nutmegs, Cloves, Ginger, Linseed, of each two ounces, Quick Brimstone sixe ounces, make all these into fine powder, and let them be well mixed: this must be given with his Oates, as is before inculcated; but he must first be watered; and then presently let him be well rubbed, body, necke, pole, legges, breast and belly, and cloathed and littered warme, and an houre before you give him his Oates, put into his Rack a little sweet wheat straw, and so (I say) let him eate thereof the space of one houre or better, and then give him his Oates mixed with this powder, which having eaten, give him Hay at your pleasure; and thus doing in short time you shall perceive his Cold to be quite gone, and the sooner if he shall be mo­derately ayered an houre after Sun-rising, and an houre before Sun­set, if the Sunne doe shine. Now if this Cold bring with it a violent cough, as is often seen, then give him the aforesaid Wheat Branne boyled, together with the said powder with his Oates, but then not above three or foure dayes, for that the said powder disperseth the corrupt and grosse humours that are in the body, which doe occasion the said cough, and when you doe perceive that he hath purged suffi­ciently, keep him notwithstanding to his white water, but an houre before you doe water him;

Take a sticke of the bignesse of your thumb or better, of well nigh a foot long, and wrap a linnen clout about it four or five times, first dipped in oyle de Bay, and put it into his mouth, and with some piece of leather thong, or other small cord fasten it to either end of the sticke, and so fasten it over his eares like the Headstall of a Bridle, like as Smiths use to do when they burn a Horse for the Lampas, and let him drinke with this sticke in his mouth; which done, let him stand with it thus in his mouth an houre after at the least, to the end he may licke and sucke up the said oyle, and when he is to eate his Oates, put among them this other powder following, viz.

Take Fennell seed four ounces, Fenugrick two ounces, Cardimums one ounce, pound these grosly, otherwise he will blow them a­way in eating his Oates, and with his Oates put every night of this powder one spoonefull, and keep him warme, and so use him as be­fore is prescribed. ✚ Another.

Take Ivy-berries and dry them, and make them into powder, and [Page 130] so give it to your Horse in Ale or Beere. This I never tryed, and this is onely for a cough. Another for a cough. Take of salt one pinte, of Sallet oyle halfe a pinte, oyle of Anniseeds one ounce, browne sugar Candy, in powder three ounces, give this with your horne to your Horse three mornings together, and it will rid him of his cough, and heale any putrifaction in his lungs, or any other inward parts whatsoever. This also I never tryed, but it was highly commended to me. Another Receit for a cough, which I have found to be very good.

Take two new laid Egges, and open the crownes, and get forth some of the white, and then put into these Egges so much of the powder of Brimstone as you can take up upon a shilling into either Egge: give him this every morning for some time, or till you see the cough to goe from him. Another:

Take three new laid egs, and put them into a pinte pot, then put so much of the best and strongest white wine vineger into the pot as will very well cover the Egges, and let them lye in the Vineger 24 houres at least, then beat the Vineger and Egges together shels and all, and so give it your Horse cold, and then ride or walke him an houre, and against his comming in, have this drinke in a readinesse, and give it him, viz.

Take Isope, Anniseeds, Licoris, Graines, Long Pepper, Gentiana, Elecampane dried, of each three drams, make all the spices into fine powder, and stamp the Isope well, and so put all into good Sack one pinte, and of good Ale also one pinte, and of Honey one spoonfull, and so boyle it, and give it your Horse bloud-warme, and set him up, and cloth him, and litter him warme, causing him to fast three houres after it, and give him no cold water, but sweet Mashes or white water; and this will cure him, for it is an approved good re­ceit. ✚ Another very good.

Take Wheate meale, Anniseeds, Licoris, Polipodium of the Oake dryed, Elecampane dryed: make all these into powder, and mixe them well: Take two spoonfuls of this powder, with a head of Gar­licke pilled and bruized, mixe all these well together, and with your Wheate meale and honey as much as will suffice, make pils thereof to the bignesse of a great Walnut, and give your Horse every mor­ning three or foure of these Pils, and so soone as he hath taken them, give him two new laid Egges with their shels. X Another:

Take of life hony three spoonfuls, of the best and whitest refined loafe sugar one spoonfull and an halfe, made into fine powder, dryed Elecampane root made also into fine powder one spoonfull, and of Amber-greece two graines, mixe all these very well together, and put it into an Egge-shell, and give him hereof at night late, and in the morning fasting, and so let him fast for three houres after, and be the cough never so violent, it will both stay and cure the same. X This is right good, for I have had very great proofe thereof. An­other:

Take Benjamin and Brimstone made into very fine powder, of each halfe an ounce, give this your Horse with one pinte of Muskadine, putting into it two new laid Egges shels and all, broken and well beaten together, let it be given three mornings together. This was commended unto me for a speciall good Receit, but I never did make tryall thereof. Another:

Take Nettle-seeds, Anniseeds, Reysins of the sunne stoned, Ele­campane in fine powder, of each halfe an ounce, make all the spices and seeds into very fine powder, and cut the Reysins very small, and so boyle all these in Muskadine or Sacke a quart, with three spoone­fuls of life Honey, then straine it, and give it him three mornings to­gether bloud-warme. This I never proved. Another:

Take of Rue one handfull, chop or stampe it very small, and put to it a penny worth of Anniseeds in very fine powder, make it up into Pils with sweet Butter, and so give it your Horse. X This I have found to be most soveraigne for a Horse that hath a cold whether newly or formerly taken, either wet or dry cough; it is also most ex­cellent for a Horse that hath been over-ridden, or any way wronged by labour. Now if his cough be so violent as that it may endanger his winde; then,

Take Calamint, Gentiana, Comin-seed, Licoris, Elecampane, of each two drams, make all these into fine powder, and confect them with life Honey and Butter mingled together and molten; and when it is cold, make it up into Pils; then rowle them in the powder of Anniseeds, and give him of these Pils three or foure every morning, for two or three mornings together fasting, and after keep him warm, and let his drinke be Mashes or White-water. ✚. But if hee hath a Cough of the Lungs, give him these Pills. Take the Rootes of Mal­lowes newly gathered, Elecampane Rootes newly also gathered, of each one handfull, slice them thin, and boyle them in faire water with Barly two handfuls, till the roots be soft, then straine forth the liquor, and put into it a penny dish of sweet Butter, of life Honey three spoonfuls, and as much Beane meale as will make all into a paste; then make it into Pils, and rowle them up in the powder of Anniseeds, and give him three or foure of them every morning fa­sting for three or foure mornings together, keepe him temperately warme, and during the time he taketh these Pils, let his drinke be ei­ther sweet Mashes or white water, and every day about mid day, give him boyled Barly or Brewers graines. ✚ Another for a Horse that hath his winde broken.

Take the leaves of Mullet, alias Mullen, alias Horse-Lungwort, and dry them, and make them into fine powder, and then make them up in Bals or Pils with ordinary Hony so much as will suffice: let these Pils be made of the bignesse of an Egge, and give him of them three at a time, fourteen or fifteen dayes together, or longer if you shall see cause, and let him not drink any cold water, during the time, [Page 132] and for a while after the giving of his Pils, and let his exercise be ve­ry moderate, and his Hay sprinkled with water, and his Oates wet with good Ale or Beere, and in short time he will be well and sound againe. ✚ This is a most approved good Receit, with which I have done cures held impossible to have been effected. Another:

Take Comen halfe an ounce, Anniseeds and Licoris, of each two ounces, dryed roots of Elecampane three ounces, make them into fine powder, and then boyle them in a pottle of Ale or Beere to a quart, then straine it, and give the liquor to your Horse in a morning fasting bloud-warme, and ride him moderately upon it, two or three houres, then set him up warme, and use him ut supra. This I never tryed, but he that gave it me did highly commend the same unto me. Thus have I given you many Receits for a cold, and such disea­ses which are thereof dependant, whereof many are to my know­ledge right good, and by my selfe experimented, with which I have done cures which have been held very strange, and beyond expe­ctation.

Truely Hipposerus as touching these maladies, something there is in them, wherein I doe earnestly desire to be yet better informed; and first I would gladly know what be the diversities of the diseases which doe proceed from Colds; and how wee may come to know one malady from ano­ther.

Sir, in answer hereunto you must understand, that from a cold taken doth issue many infirmities, if the said cold be not speedi­ly prevented; as namely, first Coughs, as well wet as dry, Catars, Murs, Rhumes, Pose, Ratlings in the head, Kernels, and inflamations under the Chaule, with Bunches, Knots, Pustils, &c. It causeth also Hide bound, Feavers, Head-aches, Frenzy, Sleeping-Evill, weeping-Eyes, Canker in the Nose, Strangles, Quinsey, to have Gourded or swolne legges: It will cause the hayre to stare, it will in time cause the mourning of the Chine (if there be such a disease) shortnesse of breath, pursivenesse, purtisick, broken winde, (also if there be such a disease) Frelised, broken and rotten lungs, glanders incurable, if it be not in time prevented, griefe and paine in the breast, Antecor, it will also cause the evill habit of the stomacke, dropsie, loathing of meat, foun­dring both in the body and feet, tyrednesse, putrifaction and inflamati­ons in the bloud; it will also cause many diseases and inflamations in the liver, together with the siccity and aridity thereof, obstructions, opilations, costivenesse and stoppings both in the body and pores, a consumption in the liver, the overflowing of the gall, the unnaturall working of the spleene, the Yellowes, Stavers, the Collick and gri­pings, belly bound, laxe and bloudy-fluxe. All these and many more diseases and maladies doe depend upon this one onely infirmity we call the cold, and therefore how needfull a thing it is for a man who is the true-lover of his Horse, to be carefull what in him lyeth both to keep his Horse from cold taking, as also to know how to cure the [Page 133] same so soone as it shall appeare, in performance whereof no small diligence and art is required.

§. 14. C.

YOu make question whether or not there bee such a disease which is so commonly called the Mourning of the Chine, why is there not such a disease?

No truely, there is no such disease, for that which is called the mourning of the Chine, is none other thing than a plain and rank Glanders, which very few of our English Ferriers doe know how to cure, which hath its first source and origen from a cold which being let run long, commeth to be a Glanders, which in time doth waste the liver of the Horse, whereby he dyeth; for if for your better un­derstanding you shall be pleased to open Horses which doe dye of this disease, you shall evermore finde the chine and pith of the Horse to be sound and whole, but the liver perished, and his lungs putrified, by reason whereof the Horse long before his death casteth forth of his nose much corrupt and stinking matter and filth; wherefore this ma­lady cannot in reason be stiled the mourning of the Chine, but meerely the Glaunders; and for remedy thereof, you shall have sundry excel­lent Receits when we shall come to handle this disease, and therfore till then I forbeare to speake any more thereof.

You question also another disease called a broken winde, why this is so generall a malady as that no man but giveth it that name, what doe you call it?

Sir, as touching this infirmity, I say there is none such, for you must understand that this disease so vulgarly called a broken wind, is truely a shortnesse of breath, or a taint or defect in the winde, Pur­sivenesse, the Asmat or Purtisick, as Artists doe call it. Three causes there be of this infirmity, two whereof proceed from a cold former­ly taken, and the third from another cause, as shall presently be de­monstrated. The first is an exulceration of the lungs, which doth be­gin from a cold; the second by clinging and growing together of the lights, whose origen came also of cold; and the third is a disloca­tion of the lungs, and this last commeth by meanes of some violent or sudden act or motion of the body, or by some fall whereby the lungs were become dislocated, displaced, or turned in the body of the Horse, every of which doe occasion shortnesse of breath, by reason the lungs have not power sufficient (being the bellowes of the body) to open, shut, and play at pleasure; and this is the cause why the Horse hea­veth at the ribs and flankes, fetcheth his breath short and hot at the nose, wheeseth, and oft times reeleth when he is put to little that doth straine his winde, and therefore so long as he is kept in the stable at dry and hard meats, he heaveth more then when he is at grasse, for if you doe wash his Provender in Ale or Beere, and sprinkle his Hay [Page 134] with water, you shall perceive him to heave the lesse: but when he runneth at grasse, he heaveth so little, as hardly to be seen, and the reason is, for that the Horse having naturally a very moyst body, the cold which he hath taken doth so condense and make thicke those humours which before were thinne, which doe (whilst they were te­nues) passe most easily through the pores, but now they are become thick, viscous, and slimy, stopping the pores in such sort, as hardly to be able to breath, but with great labour and no lesse paine, which doth provoke him to heave and lift, by reason that the lungs, pores, and pipes are so stopped and opprest, as not to be able to performe their function and naturall office, for which nature hath created them, and besides those stoppings doe constraine him to cough and labour so extreamely, as to endanger oft times the breaking of a veyne, from whence ensue many more inconveniences then this one: neverthe­lesse you may have meanes to help his winde, but to recover him per­fect and sound againe, I dare not absolutely promise you, and if you be solicitous to understand more of this subject, to save both your owne labour and mine, if you will be pleased to peruse Master Blun­devile and Master Markham, they are able to give you ample satis­faction.

§. 15. C.

VVHat meanes have you to helpe a consumption?

We have two kindes of consumptions, the first is called the dry malady, the other the consumption of the flesh: as touching the first, which commonly commeth at the first of a cold taken, then it exulcerateth the lungs, which in the beginning sendeth forth thinne matter from the nose, but after when it is growne more tough and viscous, it runneth no more, but causeth a maceration and leannesse through the whole body, whereby he droopeth and pineth away, and albeit he eateth and drinketh, yet it is without appetite, his meat doing him little good. The signes to know it are these; his belly will be gaunt, Dry Mala­dy. and he will be Hide-bound, his flesh will consume almost to skinne and bones, if you strike him on the belly, it will sound hollow, his haire will stare, neither will he cast it in due season, when other Horses which be sound will doe, he will cough hollow and faintly: the Horse that is troubled with this disease, well may he be kept for some time alive, but long he cannot be, for the malady is in­curable, if it be too long let runne, and therefore I leave him to Dogs and Crowes in his languishing plight. The other consumption is that of the flesh, which also beginneth of a cold formerly taken, which for want of remedy in time, occasioneth a generall dislike and macerati­on throughout the whole body: it commeth from immoderate la­bour or travell by violent heat and cold taken upon it: it commeth also by riding him into the water after a great heat given, and then [Page 135] set up presently negligently; as once it hapned to a young Nagge of good mettell and spirit, and of very great hope, the owner of which Nagge delivered him to an Ambler to pace, who whilst he had him in agitation, hearing Hounds abroad made in to them, who rodde him hard all day to the death of the Hare, then comming home hot and all in a sweat, neere to the Amblers House was a River with a Water-Mill, where he set him up to the skirts of the Saddle, & then brought him into the Stable where was neyther cloath, litter, or other thing to keepe him warme, or wherewith to rub him, at which time hee tooke so desperate a cold as never after to be cured: for in short time after, he brought him to the Gentleman that did owne him, when up­on his comming home the Nagge drooped, forsooke his meate, and became very sick; the Gentleman desired me to endeavour the best I might for his recovery, for that he loved the Nagge well. I ignorant of the cause of his Malady, went as I thought according to Art, I tooke bloud from sundry veines, I gave him a Suppository, and after certaine Clysters, which I assured me were most needfull for him, Consum [...] on. all that I did administer wrought very kindly and well, but yet nothing could provoke in him an appetite, or be the meanes of any amend­ment, I then sayed him then with frictions, and Cordialls, but all was cast away, ayring or ought else would not prevaile; then I per­swaded the Gentleman to turne him to grasse, it being in the middle of May and a very seasonable time, for I found him to bee inwardly sound, he ran at grasse about a month, but still grew weaker, and eve­ry day more meager then other, and at length he grew to be so much enfeebled by continuall languishing as that being downe, he was not able to rise, but with helpe, in fine, shortly after the Nagge died: then for my better experience I would needs have him opened, which being done; a sounder body in a Horse could not be seene, but I dis­covered the cause of the disease and death of this Nagge in his skinne, for it being taken from him, you might most evidently see the Fat which did ly next unto his belly, brisket, ribs, and sides, to be so caked and hard, as that it, not being dissolved, the Nagge could never after enjoy himselfe, which caused him to wast and dwindle of his flesh, and languishing dy, which so soone as I espied, I presently told the Gentleman the owner of the Nag, that the Ambler had given him that Infirmity (the Nagge being then very fat) and after in his heate put him into the water, which the owner examining found to bee most true, as well from the report of honest neighbours who lived adja­cent to the Ambler, as (after some small pressure) from the ingenu­ous confession of the very Ambler himselfe. And this I think fit to bring you for an instance, to the end you may be the more carefull in avoyding the like inconvenience, and be the better able to judge of a Malady of this nature. But now as touching the best cure for a Con­sumption of the flesh (albeit there be many) yet I can recommend but only this one, which both Master Blundevile, and Master Markham [Page 136] have recorded, which is this, viz.

Consumpti­on of the flesh.Take a Sheepshead with the wooll on, cleave it, wash it, very cleane, and boyle it in a gallon of faire water, untill the flesh come from the bones, then strayne the liquor from the flesh, and put into the broath of refined loafe-Sugar halfe a pound, of Cinamon, con­serve of Roses, conserve of Barberies, conserve of Cherries, of each three ounces, and give your Horse of this broath a quart, every mor­ning fasting bloud warme, use this till foure or more Sheepsheads be spent, and after every of these drinks let him be walked abroad, (if the weather be warme and not windy) otherwise walke him in some barne, or warme place, and let him fast two or three houres after, & let him not drinke any cold water in fifteene daies after at the least, but let his drink be eyther sweet mashes, or white water, and for his Diet let that be what himselfe best liketh, and that given by little at once and often: and by this meanes he may recover both Flesh and strength againe in reasonable time, ✚. Neverthelesse when he hath gotten Flesh, depart with him so soone as may be, least upon any hard travell he happen to relaps, as is most probable he may. With this Receipt I have recovered three Horses, whereof one was a Horse of a high price.

But tell me I pray you, were it amisse (for this disease) to take bloud from him before you drench him?

Yea, that it were Sir very much amisse, for so to do, were certaine death, for in cases of Consumptions you must take no bloud at all, but rather labour to cherish the bloud he hath, for his debility and feeblenesse wilbe such, as that he consuming so much in his Flesh, you must rather endeavour to procure his strength then any way to hinder the same, which the losse of bloud may most easily do. Nei­ther must you be too busie in administring unto him Purges, but Cor­dialls, as Diapente, Diatesseron, Duke powder, Cordiall powder and such like restoratives, also by giving him good meat, as good strengthning bread and hartning, well made and of purpose for him, if he will eate bread, sometimes boyled Barley, and Oates, also boyled Beanes, and such like hearty meat, as will restore him, and to give him sometimes about midday a quart of strong Ale or Beere, is very good, and will greatly comfort him. And thus keeping him warme, feeding him, and ordering him well, you may in time recover him againe. ✚. And this is the best Counsell I can give you for this Infir­mity.

§. 16. C.

Now what say you to a Convulsion? How doe you cure that?

A Crampe and Convulsion is one and the same Malady, which is a violent contracting or drawing together of the Sinewes, [Page 137] and Veines, and Muskles, as well through the whole Body, as in any one member of the same: yet doth it not alwaies apprehend or se [...]ze the whole body, but takes one member or other as, sometimes it laieth hold upon the Eye, sometimes upon the Tongue, the Iawes, Lips, Legs, &c. which albeit it commeth by severall meanes, yet principally it comes eyther through cold in the body, or else for want of bloud, or lastly by over much purging. The signes to know this disease are most easie, for that horse that is therewith troubled, will have that member (for the time the fit is upon it) so stiffe, that a man with the utmost of his strength is not able to stirre the same, by reason that the Sinewes and Muskles wilbe so much contracted as not possibly to bring the limb to its pristine state but only by rubbing and chafing, the limbe or member with warme cloths, and after the fit is over, it were very requisite to sweate him in the Stable in his cloaths, for two or three houres together, and if the Malady bee in the lower parts, as in the Legges, Convulsi [...] then let that member which is taken be wisped up with thumb-bands of Hay made wet first, and after when the member is thus wisped, to cast thereon cold water, and after this his sweating, let his whole body (but especially the member taken) be annoynted with the oyntment of Acopum before mentioned in the se­cond booke cap. 14 §. 1. A. and to give him some of it inwardly with sweet Sack, or Muskadine: and thus have I recovered sundry horses perplexed with this disease, giving him two or three drinks after of Diapente & then to keepe him warme, and to continue him for some time with sweet mashes or white water, but when you come to give him cold water againe, let it be with exercise and ayrings after Sun rising, and before Sunne set, the Sunne shining, and when there is no wind, or other cold nipping weather. But if you have not of this A­copum in a readinesse, then apply this bathe or oyntment to the greived place or member, viz.

Take Pinpernell a good armefull, Primrose leaves, Camomile, Crow-foot, Mallowes, Fennell, Rosemary, of each six handfuls, & fine up-land Hay, cut & made about Midsomer, when the strength and heart of grasse is at the best, a good quantity, put all these into a Lead or Chalderon, and fill up the Chalderon with faire water, and so let it steepe eight and forty houres, then boyle it untill the hearbs be soft, and bathe the the greived member therewith foure daies toge­ther, morning and evening warmed, which done, apply some of these hearbs to the places or limbs greived and keep them on with a thumb-band of Hay, wet in the said decoction, and every day about noone anoynt the said visited member with Petroleum, and Nervall, and Oyle of Spike, mixed together, and keep him warme, give him good meat and mashes or white water, not only during the time of his cure, but a good time after, and let his ayrings be temperate, and his exercise moderate, and take heed of washing him after labour, for that probably was the cause of his Convulsion. ✚. Another.

Take strong white Wine vineger, and Patch-grease, alias Peece-grease, of each like much, melt them upon a gentle fire, then with Wheat-flowre make it into a Poultesse, and apply it to the grieved member good and warme, renewing it morning and evening, but be­fore you doe administer this charge (by holding a barre of iron, or a chafing dish of coales neere) let him be annoynted with Petroleum, Nervall, and Patch-grease, and oyle of Spike, of each like much) ve­ry well, and after binde on the charge all over the grieved place, dresse him thus morning and evening, and give him moderate exer­cise and ayrings, and let him have Mashes and white water to drinke, and keep him warm. This is very good ✚ Another:

First rake him, then give him the Clister prescribed in booke 2. chap. 11. § 8. Clister 4. then let two men (on either side of the horse one) rub him well with soft cloaths all his body and limbs over, espe­cially the diseased limb, then cloath him up warme, and let him stand upon the trench foure or five hours, to the end the Clister may work the more kindly, after give him meat and white water, and so feed him for that day. But I must tell you, that so soon as you have given him this Clister, and before his friction, give him this drink where­by to cleanse his body, viz.

Take of white wine one pinte, Aloes halfe an ounce, Agarick half an ounce, all beaten very small, and infused in the Wine, putting thereto of the purest clarified Hogs-grease one spoonfull, or for want thereof (and which is much better) of sweet Butter sixe ounces, and give him this bloud warme. The next day prepare in a readinesse this unguent.

Take of strong Ale two quarts, and of black Sope two pound, boyle them together till they look black like Tarre, and herewith annoynt, rub, and chafe him all over that the unguent may sinke in: that done, cloath him up, and stuffe him warme that he may sweat well, but stuffe head, necke, and brest well, let him sweat thus two hours, then coole him by degrees, taking now a little from him, then a little, till he be brought to a good temper againe, then keep him so, and about one of the clock at afternoon, give him a warm Mash, or white water, and then some Hay, and an houre after that Proven­der. Let not this drink be given him above once during his whole Cure, but his Clisters, Sweats, and Frictions till he be well; yet the Clisters not every day neither, and let his drinke be white water, wherein Mallowes have been boyled, unlesse sometimes you give him wherewith to comfort him a sweet Mash, but if he will not drink his white water boyled with Mallowes, then let him have it with­out, and let his food be that which is sweet and very good. This did I never try, but two severall Ferriers who lived more then 100 miles distant the one from the other, gave me this Receit verbatim without scarse altring one word, and they both protested unto me they have cured sundry Horses which have been forely perplexed with this disease.

What meane you by moderate and temperate ayering of a Horse?

I doe meane by moderate ayering, Ayering. that he be not forth in ayering too long, and by temperate ayering, that a sicke Horse if there be cause why he should be ayered, it be not done too late in the eve­ning, nor too early in the morning, for that such kinde of ayerings will take too much from a Horse that is feeble or sick, but in such ca­ses, let him be walked to his ayerings in a warme evening, an houre before sunne-set at least, and in a morning an houre after the sunne is up, especially if the winde be not too high, or blow too cold, and that the sunne shine warme: for by ayering before sunne rising, and after sunne set (like as is to be used with Running and Hunting Hor­ses) will make a fat strong Horse both so poor and leane, as not to have a Crow of flesh on his back, as the proverb is, and so feeble as not to be able to arise being layed, and therefore give not such kinde of ayerings to a Horse that is infirme; but those which I do tearme the temperate ayerings, will greatly comfort the spirits of your Horse, give him a very good appetite to his meat, and encrease his flesh and good liking, whereas the late ayerings will be (as I said before) very noxious to sicke, diseased, or leane Horses.

§ 17. C.

HOw doe you helpe a Horse that groweth costive or belly-bound?

The nature of this disease is such, as that the Horse that is therewith troubled, cannot discharge himselfe but with great paine and trouble, his ordure comming from him both very dry and hard. Horses that are kept too much to hard, dry, and hot meats, are most incident to this malady; sometimes it commeth by eating too much Provender, especially Beanes, Pease, Tares, or Wheat, which al­beit these graines be more hearty then any other, yet they siccicate and dry up the moysture, because they beget more heate and costive­nesse in the body, then other graines doe, yea and winde too, and bad humours causing obstructions: and sometimes this costivenesse com­meth to a Horse by reason he hath been kept to too spare a dyet, as is usually seen in Horses in dyet; for this hot and dry food doth suck up (like to a spunge) the flegmaticke moysture of the body, giving way thereby that choller is become the more predominant, so that the meat he eateth cannot be so well digested. This is a disease very pe­rilous, and the origine of many maladies: and it is easily knowne by its symptomes. And you may cure him after this manner, viz.

Take the decoction of Mallowes one quart, Costivenesse or Belly-bound. Sallet oyle halfe a pinte, or fresh Butter halfe a pound, Benedicte laxative, one ounce, give him this bloud-warme clister-wise, and then clap his tayle to his tuell, and so cause him to keep it halfe an houre at least, being walked [Page 140] up and downe, then set him up warme, and it will worke, whereby he will empty himselfe, and in due time give him a sweet Mash, and after Hay, and so keep him to Mashes or white water two or three [...]ayes, but withall faile not to rake him before you administer your Clister. ✚ This is a most excellent Receit which you shall finde in lib. 2. chap. 6. § 7. Clister i. c. ✚ There be many other good sup­positories, and Clisters, which I have already and will hereafter set you down, which be very soveraigne for this malady.

§ 18. C.

VVHat disease is that we call the crowne-scab;

This sorance is a scab or crust which groweth upon the cronet or top of the hoofe, next unto the hayre; it is a filthy stinking and cankerous disease, and not onely troublesome, but painefull to the beast, and it commeth commonly in the winter, whilst the Horse is in the Stable, like as doth the Scratches, and it is ingendred first by reason the Horse from a Colt till he came to be han­dled, was for the most part kept in moyst, wet, and cold grounds, for no Horses are inclinable unto this disease, but those that are bred up in such like grounds. The signes to know this malady is, that the hayre will stare about the coronet, and become thinne and brisly. The way to cure the same is,

Crown scab.First to wash and bathe the place well so farre as the scab or so­rance goeth, which is commonly round about the coronet, then shave or clip away the hayre close; then

Take Turpentine, tryed Hogs-grease, and honey, of each like much, a little of the powder of Bolearmonacke, the yelkes of two Egges, with as much wheate flower as will thicken it by working it to a salve, and apply this plaister-wise with a linnen cloath to the so­r [...]nce, renewing it every day once till it be whole, but let him not come into any wet during his cure. ✚ This is a very good one. Another:

Take old Chamberly, and set it upon the fire, and as the scumme ariseth, take it off, then put to it of white salt as much as will suffice, and as the scumme ariseth the second time, take it away; with this li­quor wash and bathe the sorance three or foure times a day till it be whole. ✚ Another very good which I have often used.

Take soft sope, tryed Hogs-grease, of each halfe a pound, Bole-armonacke in fine powder, as much as will suffice, Turpentine foure ounces, make all these into one body, and so plaister-wise apply it to the place, binding it on with a clout that it come not off, renewing it daily till it doe leave running, then wash and bathe it in vineger war­med, till the sorance be cleane dryed up. ✚

§. 19. C.

HOw doe you take away a Curbe?

This is a swelling a litle [...]eneath the El­bow of the Hough upon the great Sinew behind, and above the top of the horne, which caused the Horse to halt especially when he begin­neth to be hot, for by rest it payneth him the lesse: it commeth either by a straine, or by carrying of some heavy burthen, or else he taketh it hereditarily from his Sire or Damme. The signes to know it is, by the long swelling in the place before mentioned. The cure is.

First, shave away the hayre, then with an Incle or Filliting bind the Hough streight above the joynt, then with a smallsticke beat, rub, and chafe the Curb Curbe. like as you use to doe in the cure of the Splent, then with a Fleame or Knife pierce the skinne through in two or three places, and so with your Thumbe thrust forth, and crush out the cor­rupt bloud, and after convey so deepe as you can get into every hole the bignesse of two barley-cornes, of Arsnick, and so having bound up the place let it so remaine by the space of foure & twenty houres, then open the place, and anoynt it every day once with molten But­ter, till it be whole. ✚ Another.

Take Wine Lees one pint, a porrenger full of Wheate-flower, of Cummine in fine powder halfe an ounce, mixe all these well toge­ther, and being made warme upon the fire, charge the place there­with, renewing it every day once, by the space of three or foure dayes together, and when you do perceive the swelling to be almost gone, then draw it with your hot Iron, and charge the burning with Pitch and Rosin molten together, which must be applyed warme, to the end, the charge may stick on the better, and then presently clap on Flocks, and let it so rest till of it self it fall away, and let him come in no wett or water by the space of twelve or foureteene dayes af­ter, and he wilbe perfectly cured. ✚. Another.

Take a Barre of Iron, heat it red hot, and hold it neere to the place till it become warme, then with your Fleame prick six or seven holes through the Skinne, and anoynt the Sorance with Nervell, then take of salt a Spoonefull, and of Verdegreace a penny weight in fine powder, with the white of an Egge, let these be well incorporated together, then take a little Flax or Hurds, and wet it in this Medi­cine, and bind it to the place, renewing it every day once, and in short time it wilbe perfectly cured. ✚. All these receipts I have used, and I have found them to be right-good.

§. 1. D.

WEll now that we have made an end of this Chapter, let us proceede on to another: Tell me I pray, how may a Dangerous Sicknesse come to a Horse?

Sir, that which you call Dangerous Sicknesse is of divers natures, proceeding from sundry causes, Dangerous sicknes how it commeth. having everyone its distinct symp­toms, and therefore do require severall reme­dies; wherefore that you may the better know how and when any sicknesse commeth, observe I pray, but these foure principles fol­lowing, and you shall never erre. viz.

1 First, that all sicknesse commeth either by heates in over violent exercise, as when the Horse (v. g.) hath his grease molten, the heart overchaged, the vitall bloud forced from the inward parts, and the large Pores and Orifices of the heart so obstructed, and stopped, that the spirits cannot returne backe to their proper places, so as the Or­gans of the Body cannot rejoyce, but by this meanes the body must of necessity languish, founder, and mortifie.

2 Secondly, dangerous sicknesse commeth also by colds, as by in­discreete or negligent keeping, as well before as after long and vio­lent exercise, and then is the head perplexed, the eyes dulled, and pai­ned, the rootes of the tongue inflamed and swelled, the lunges with rhumes tickled and offended, occasioning strong, and laborious coughing, and the Nosthrills often distilling and powring forth filthy and corrupt matter.

3 Thirdly, dangerous sicknesse commeth also by surfet of foode, either by eating too much, or too little of what is good, or also of that which is not wholesome, so as the first killeth, or at least debili­tateth the Stomacke, oppresseth the Heart, and sendeth up those evill fumes into the Head by which are ingendred the Stavars, Frenzies, and other mortall diseases, the second putrifies the bloud, and con­verts all its nutriment into corruption, from whence proceedes the Yellows, Farcin, Feavers, Mainges, and other such like pestilent, le­prous and loathsome diseases, which suffocating the heart, and clog­ging the Stomacke, dilates and spreads it selfe universally over the whole body, leaving no member free, and confoundeth every faculty, and member thereof.

Fourthly, and lastly, dangerous sicknesse comes also by accident, [Page 143] as when a Horse (v. g) receiveth some deep or perilous wound or hurt, either in his body or elsewhere in some vitall or dangerous part, by meanes whereof nature is so farre offended, as that incontinently a general sicknes seazeth upō the Horse, which (not in opportune time prevented) death suddenly ensueth; and these infirmities are called by the more expert Ferriers, Accidentall feavers: for if you be plea­sed to observe well, you shall finde the Horse sometimes trembling, sometimes sweating, sometimes cold, sometimes burning, but never in good temper. And thus much briefly of these foure points or grounds, which be the occasion of most dangerous sicknesse Acci­dentall.

What meanes hath a man to know the signes, whereby to di­stinguish these severall sicknesse the one from the other?

Very easily Sir, for if sicknesse doth proceed from the first of these foure principles, to wit from heats, then are the signes these, viz. The heavinesse of his countenance, swelling of his limbs, espe­cially 1 of his hinder legges, scowring and loosenesse of his body, in the beginning of sicknesse short, and hot breath, a loathing and for­saking of meat, &c.

If from the second, viz. cold, then the signes are, a dejected coun­tenance, 2 dulnesse or sleepinesse of the eyes, Dangerous sicknesse how to know Pustils or hard knots under the Chaule, yea and many times inflamed kernels and swellings so high as to the very roots of the eares, a rotten or moyst inward hol­low cough, he many times chewing betwivt his teeth, some loose, filthy, and flegmaticke matter, immediately after his coughing, which in some cases is not an evill signe by reason that thereby the cold rot­teth and goeth away; whereas on the contrary side for a Horse to cough cleare and dry, doth demonstrate a dry cough, which hath long time lurked in his body, sorely festring and tormenting him in­wardly, which is very difficile to cure, but at length discovers it selfe by reason the creatures languishing, and generall falling away of his flesh, for his belly will be shrunke up, and when he drinketh much of the same, water will issue forth of his nose, his eyes will be either wa­try, or materative, and runne continually through paine which he hath in his head, procured by meanes of this cold, and his hayre will be rough and staring, &c.

From the third, to wit from surfet by meate, either naturall or un­naturall; 3 the signes be these, a dulnesse of the head, eyes, and counte­nance, yea and that in such a violent manner, so as the Horse will be hardly able to lift up his head from the manger, a dull and dead eye, and sunk into his head, his eares prickt upright, and the tops of them cold, as also his upper lips and sheath, his pace reeling and staggering, and (if the disease be farre gone) he will be of a frenetike and mad comportment, as by biting and gnawing the Racke and Manger, or whomsoever shall come within his reach, and sometimes by biting of himselfe, and by beating his head against the wall and floore, and [Page 144] other such franticke postures and passions: but if the malady be not yet gotten into the braine, or doe not occupy that place; but that it hath settled it selfe more intrinsecally in the body or heart, then you shall perceive by the whites of the eyes, the lips and tongue, this disease to be the plaine yellowes, and if the disease be farre gone, then will the Yellowes be dispersed all over the whole skinne, and the Horse sweat in the morning when first you come to him, as if he had beene sorely ridden, or had an Arcticke feaver, and have a desire rather to be lying then to stand, and when he standeth, it will be with his fore­legs straddling the one from the other, and he will also have a loose­nesse or scowring, especially if the Horse hath taken his surfet by ea­ting too many Oates, or other provender, and by drinking sudden-after, which you shall the better know, because the Horse will in his ordure voyd some of his Oates or other graine whole, as not being disgested, by reason that the cold water so suddenly taken, upon his over-hasty eating (not being all chewed) will coole his stomacke, and make him to swell: besides the Horse will have a generall loathing and forsaking of his meat, which is likewise the common symptome of every kinde of surfet, and almost every degree of sicknesse.

4 The fourth and last ground or principle is, that if his infirmity and sicknesse doe proceed from accidentall meanes, then are the signes, a perplexed and troubled body, sometimes sweating at the roots of his eares, in the flankes, and behinde the shoulders, against the heart, some­times he will be taken with a trembling all his body over, and some­times with a glowing and burning in his vitall parts, as in the temples of his head against his heart, on the inside of his fore-legs next to the body, and on the inside of the hinder-legs, also his mouth will be dry and hot, his tongue will be subject to be enflamed and furred; in fine he will have a loathing and aversion from meat; but onely that he must eate, and a great draught and thirst, and a great longing to drink cold water, and when he hath drunke what him liketh, yet will he ne­verthelesse desire to keep his mouth continually in the water. Many other signes there be, whereby a man who is any thing at all skilfull and cautelous, may by observing, discover when his Horse falleth in­to any infirmity and sicknesse, as when you doe perceive that his countenance and postures do alter from their usuall customes, then be you well assured, your Horse doth alter and decay in his health. Also you must observe his feeding, and how he doth eate, as whe­ther with a good appetite, or with a weake stomacke, the first being good, the second unkindely and unhealthy, as also how he doth dis­charge or empty himselfe, and how his urine and the colour of his doung or ordure doe alter, which if his doung or excrements be pale, and full of graines, then is it good, but if blacklsh and dusky (according as I have before in its due place handled) then be you confident, he hath much heate and drynesse in his body, by which meanes probably ensueth great and dangerous sicknesse: very many other signs of sick­nesse [Page 145] there are, as the not casting or shedding of his hayre, in its due and proper season, hide bound, costivenesse, laxativenesse, the cling­ing up of his belly to the flankes, continuall dislike, drowsinesse, dul­nesse and heavinesse, when he hath wanted due ordering and feeding, &c. all which symptomes are so well known to every man, as that they need not be handled further in this place.

But now Hipposerus, sithence you have thus farre discour­sed, what are the causes and signes of dangerous sicknesse, I would gladly you would shew me how I may either prevent sicknesse before it commeth, or cure the same at first appearance?

Sir, in this case two things are principally and diligently to 1 be considered. The first is to prevent sicknesse before it shall ap­proach, whereby it shall not offend at all, and the second is, to take it at the first appearance, and so to prevent and hinder it, whereby to prevent the danger thereof. As touching the first, Dangerou [...] sicknesse how to pre­vent. the best way will be three or foure dayes before you put forth your Horse to grasse, to take bloud from him, and the next day to give him the drinke of Dia­pente halfe an ounce, with a pinte and a halfe of sweet Sacke, which you shall finde mentioned in lib. 2. § sequent, and so by degrees to a­bate his clothes if he have had any, and it is also very good that when you doe take bloud from him, you doe receive it in a bason or bowle, and therewith annoint his backe, loynes, fillets, breast, and all such like places about him with the said bloud, for it is most wholesome, and doth comfort the body very much, cleanseth the skinne, and begetteth a generall rejoycing throughout all the vitall parts of the Horse. But if you have no intent to put him forth to grasse, and yet would prevent inward sicknesse, then faile not (when you have best meanes) to give him rest, take no bloud from him at all, (unlesse you may justly suspect his bloud not to be very good) but give him onely a drinke of Diapen­te or Diatesseron, for either of these are the greatest and best refiners and purifiers of the bloud of any thing can be administred, and doe cause the Horse to avoyd all yellow- cholerick-matter, and all evill in­digested humours, which may any way putrifie, inflame, or corrupt the bloud. And observe moreover, that in administring of these drinks, if Sacke or Muskadine be not at hand to be had, that then in the place of a pinte and a halfe of either of these (which is the pro­portion I limit to a Horse of a strong, able, and corpulent body, but to a small or weake Horse one pinte) you doe take of good Ale or Beer, one quart, and the same quantity of Diapente or Diatesseron formerly prescribed: and if the Ale or Beere be made warme upon the fire, it will be the better. And thus much as touching the first poynt, to wit, the prevention of sicknesse before it come, that it may not offend your Horse at all. Now I come to the second poynt, viz.

To take sicknesse at its first appearance, whereby to send it pack­ing 2 before it hath taken deep root in the body of the Horse, Dangerou [...] sicknesse how to cu [...] so that it shall never come to danger of life or limb, then thus in a few words. [Page 146] You must be very cautelous and vigilant in observing your Horse well, and to pry into him so narrowly, as to discover the least symp­tome of sicknesse, that may be able to peep out its head, which so soon as you shall descry, then presently (if reason so require) let him bloud, and three severall mornings together, give him the drinke of Diapente, and let him be kept warme, well rubbed, and have Mashes or white water during that time, and some dayes after, which will be a very good meanes for him to remaine in perfect health, strength, and good estate of body; But if this Diapente or Diatesseron be not to be had on a sudden, then

Take Selendine halfe a handfull, as well the roots as the leaves, well washed and picked, Worm-wood and Rue of each halfe a hand­full, boyle all these in strong Ale or Beere, from a pottle to a quart, and then straine it well, and put into the liquor of sweet Butter halfe a pound, and of ordinary Treacle two spoonfuls, and so give it him bloud warme. ✚ And this is most effectuall to the ends before recited.

§. 2. D.

YOu speake very much of Diapente, giving it very great commendations, I pray how doe you make the same?

The receit of Diapente doth merit many more Encomiums than I am able to give it, for that it is so pretious and soveraigne a powder for Horses, and it is compounded of five severall simples if it be rightly made. It is (I say) the most soveraign thing which can be given to a Horse by way of drench, whereby to cure him of very ma­ny inward diseases. It is good against all infectious maladies, as fea­vers of what nature soever, all sorts of Pestilences, or contagious colds, Coughs, wet or dry, Glaunders, Surfets, inflamations in the bloud or liver, Frenzies, Yellowes, it purifieth, refineth, and purgeth the bloud from all infection and corruption, it easeth the overflow­ing or the gall, and the working of the spleene, and in a word it cureth whatsoever diseases the body of the Horse may be inwardly inclined unto; And it is thus made, viz.

Diapente.Take Aristolochia-Rotunda, Gentiana, Baccalani, Myrrha, Ebo­raci, of each alike much, let these be first pounded severally and fine­ly searsed, and after weighed, so as the quantities may be just and e­ven, not any one lesse, or more then another, and after so well mixed as may be possibly, and so put into a Gally-pot pressed as hard as may be done, and after so close stopped, as that no ayre can get into it; and thus you must make it, and reserve it for your use. This must be administred to a Horse in Muskadine, if you drench him for a cold or Glanders. If for other maladies, then in sweet Sacke, and the quan­tity must be a pinte and a halfe: but if Sacke or Muskadine be not to be had, then give it in strong Ale or Beere, and the quantity of this [Page 147] powder of Diapente must be two or three spoonfuls, unlesse to a small, sicke, or feeble Horse, then the lesse quantity, according as in your owne judgement and reason you shall thinke to be most requi­site. ✚ And thus is this so excellent powder of Diapente made, and such are its vertues.

§. 3. D.

HOw doe you make also your Diatesseron?

This confection I have heard some call Horse-Mithridate, and some Horse-Treacle, by reason of the inward vertue thereof, whereby to expell all poysonous and contagious annoyan­ces, and to drive them, and all manner of sicknesse from the heart. And thus it is made, viz.

Take first of the powder of Diapente two ounces, Diatesse. and put it into a cleane stone morter, that is not over-great, and put thereto of life or clarified honey the like quantity, let the morter be made hot against the fire, before you doe put in your powder or honey, and then with a pestell of wood worke it, till it come to a very Treacle, which when you shall finde to be sufficiently compounded, then take it forth, and put it into a cleane gally-pot or glasse, and so keep it very close stop­ped for your use, and when you have occasion to make use of it,

Take of this confection halfe an ounce, and dissolve it in Muskadine or sweet Sacke a pinte and a halfe, and so give it your Horse bloud­warme, and as occasion is profered, adde to it of London Treacle one ounce. ✚ This Diatesseron is a confection so soveraigne, being as I said before, an antidote against all infectious diseases, it is a present cure for all sorts of Feavers, or any other desperate or dangerous sicknesse, taking first bloud from the Horse if there be cause.

§ 4. D.

IS there nothing good besides these in case of desperate and dan­gerous sicknesse, supposing that neither Diapente or Diatesse­ron can be had?

Yea Sir, if neither of these may be gotten, and that you are fearefull of the life of your Horse, then doe I counsell you thus.

Take of the best Tarre two ounces, of honey one ounce, Desperate and dange­rous sicknes [...] blacke sope two drams, and bay salt a handfull, incorporate all these well together, then fill two egge shels, the crownes onely being broken, so as you may get forth the meat, and fill them up againe with this medicine, and put them downe his throat, and walke or ride him gently up and down a quarter of an houre or more warme cloathed, that done, set him up warme, and litter him well, and let his drinke be either Mashes or white water for foure or five dayes after, but let him fast three houres after his medicine, and let his Hay and Pro­vender [Page 148] bee sweete and good, ✚. This I have often experi­mented.

§. 5. D.

I Should thinke Hipposerus, that for change, Bread were good to be given sometimes to a Horse; I pray you what is your opinion thereof?

If you meane such ordinary Horse-bread, which our com­mon Bakers used to make for Horses, (which is now long since out of date and use) I say it cannot be good for a Horse, by reason it was ill made, and the Materialls whereof it was compounded, nourish very little, nay it hurteth a Horse much more than it can do him good, for it breedeth evill humours, and worse bloud in his body, it being made of bran and chisell for the most part with a little course Rye meale, to make it stick together, and so made up and kneaded with cold water, and after the outside of the loaves or roules are rowled in ground or rather bruised pease, which can in no case bee good or wholesome. But if you have a desire to give your horse bread, where­by hee may the better endure labour, eyther in his travell or long journeys, or in Tilting, Hunting, or otherwise, then if you please to give him this bread which I do heere prescribe you, it will give him strength of body, be very much helpfull to his winde, keep him from fainting in his labour and exercise, be it never so sore.

Horse breadTake Wheate meale, Oate meale, and Beanes, all ground very small, of each one peck, Anniseeds foure ounces, Gentiana, and Fe­nugrick, 1 of each one ounce, Licoris two ounces, let all these be fine­ly powdred and searced, and ad the whites and yelkes of twenty new layd Eggs, well beaten together, and put to the other ingredi­ents, and so much strong Ale, as will knead it up, then make your loaves like to horse-bread, but not too thick, and let them be well ba­ked, but not burned, let not this bread bee given to your Horse too new, and when you doe give it too him, let it be five or six mornings together without other provender; and thus you shall have him well winded, lusty, strong, hardy, and healthy, whereby to be able to hold out and retaine his mettle to the last. Also when he is to bee used or employed:

2 Take a thinne linen cloath, and put therein of white Sugar candy, one ounce, and as much powder of Anniseeds, sew up this to the Bit or Snaffle in a fine linnen cloath, when you are to take his backe, first dipped in White or Claret Wine, and so let him bee exercised, or travelled with this in his mouth: this giveth moysture to his mouth, and stomacke, it expelleth inward heat, and faintnesse from his body and heart, and causeth him to forget his labour and travell, for it doth revive his vitall spirits ✚. Another kind of bread I will give [Page 149] you not much unlike the former, but somewhat better and a grea­ter cooler.

Take Wheate-meale one peck, Rie-meale, Beanes, and Oate meale, 3 both ground very small, of each halfe a peck, Anniseeds, Lycoris, of each one ounce, and white Sugar candy foure ounces, all in fine pow­der, the yelkes and whites of twenty Egges well beaten, and so much white Wine as will knead it into a past, make this into great loaves, bake them well, and after they be two or three dayes old, let him eate of this bread, but chip away the outside. ✚.

What is the reason you choose of these graines, meale rather then flower, wherewith you doe make your bread?

Sir, I preferre Meale far before Flower, by reason Flower is much more hot, and binding, and therefore the courser the bread is, the better it is for the Horse, and the more wholesome; and the reason, why I doe put Rie into my latter bread, is, because Rie is a loosener, and a cooler, and therefore it will make him the more so­luble.

§. 6. D.

VVHat is good to dissolve and mollifie Tumors and hard swellings in the Legges, or other parts and mem­bers of the Horse?

Tumors and swellings sometimes comes by heats gotten with over hard riding, whereby the creature being over much heat, the grease falleth downe, and setling in the Legges and other parts, doe grow dry and hard, this breedeth Splents, Spavens, Curbes, Ring-bones and the like Sorances, which in trueth are none other things then proper Tumors, besides it doth occasion other knots and swellings, which are to be cured after this manner, viz.

Take of the roots of Mallowes, or of Holliocks of each two ounces, Dissolve Tumors. of Linseed, and of Fenugrick, of each six ounces, of the fat or grease of Hennes or Capons, or for want thereof, of Neats foote oyle, a Wine quart, of Waxe six ounces, steepe the rootes and seedes being bruised, in a pottle of white Wine, when it is scalding hoat, for three dayes and three nights, and the fourth day boyle them in the same li­quor, and adde thereto when you beginne to set it upon the fire, your grease and waxe, putting also thereunto of Rosin three ounces, then let all these boyle together a good while, and at the taking it from the fire, put thereinto of Venice Turpentine two ounces, and so stirre them together, and thus it is made fitting for your use, which being well reserved, will dissolve all hard swellings and Tumors, the So­rances being dayly anoynted therewith, ✚. This I have by much practise found to be very good. Another.

Take white Lilly roots, Hemlock, Mallowes, Beares-foote, Sca­beous, Cuccoe-pits, of each one handfull, chop them small, and in­fuse [Page 150] them for twelve daies together in white Wine, and Sallet Oyle, of each one pint, then take wax foure ounces, and Beane Flower, twelve Spoonefuls, and so boyle it, and after straine it, and bring it to an Vnguent, and therewith anoynt the Tumors and swelled parts, which being done, apply this Plaister to the places. Ano­ther.

Take Darnell and red Docks, of each two handfuls, bruise them, and then boyle them in wine, and Salet Oyle, of each one pint, and Beane Flower foure Spoonefuls, and put thereto of Asses or Oxes dung, so much as will suffice, when it is boyled to a pultis, apply it Playster-wise and use this every day once, till it be well, ✚. This is also very good. Another.

Take Linseed and pound it in a Morter, and of Fenugrick in pow­der, of each foure ounces, Pitch, and Rosin, of each three ounces, Da­maske Rose leaves dryed, two ounces, Pitch of Greece six ounces, boyle all these together, and when you are ready to take it from the fire, adde thereto of Turpentine two ounces, Honey six ounces, and Sallet Oyle, so much as will suffice, and thus applying this Salve Plaister wise to the place, it will mollifie any hard substance. ✚. This I have often tryed and have found it to bee very good.

§. 7. D.

BVt Hipposerus, is there any cure for a sick Horse? whose infirmity is so desperate, and he so farre spent, as to bee ge­nerally judged to be almost at the poynt of death?

Truely Sir, both my Master and my selfe have done such cures upon Horses, which have beene so desperately sick as you speak of; insomuch as the beholders have pronounced sentence of death upon them, and the owners would have beene well content to have beene satisfied, and well appayed with their skinnes and shooes, and I will shew you what our cure is.

First open the neck veine, and let him bleed well, then two houres after his bleeding,

Take of Diatesseron halfe an ounce, and give it him bloud warme in Muskadine a pint, Desperate sicknesse. or Sack, for want thereof, or else if these be not on the suddaine to be gotten, then take good Ale or Beere, with the like quantity of Diatesseron, then having given it, walke him halfe an houre (if he be able) in the warme Sunne, or if there be not Sunne­shine, then in some warme Stable, or Barne, then set him up warme cloathed, and littered, and let him be rubbed all over, as Head, Pole, Neck, and Legges, and especially twixt the Eares, for that greatly ea­seth the payne in the head, by reason it dissolveth and disperseth the humors: at noone unbridle him, and offer him a little sweet Hay, sprinkled with water, which if he shall refuse to eate, (as tis likely he [Page 151] will) then offer him so much bread as the quantity of a penny loafe, and let him eate it all if he will, but if he do refuse to eate thereof al­so, then give him one gallon of the strongest Ale-wort you can get of the first runnings so soon as it is mashed, but let it not be over-hot, and before barme be put unto it, give him this I say bloud warm, but if that cannot be gotten, then provide him in a readinesse against the same houre, a sweet Mash, which when he hath taken, fume his head with Olibanum, Storax, and Benjamin, and then let him be rubbed againe as before, and see him warme kept as is usuall for sicke Horses in physicke: and thus doe for three dayes together in all poynts ( bloud­letting excepted) for that must be once onely (unlesse extraordinary cause doe require the same) and assure your selfe your Horse will mend daily, and recover his health and strength in short time, and at three dayes end, give him no more Mashes, but in their stead, let him have white water onely: if by meanes of this sicknesse he hath any Pustils or inflamations risen under his chaule, then clip away the hayre, and apply such things thereunto, as may ripen them and bring them to a head; and after breake them with Shoomakers waxe, or other such like good things, and so let them runne and heale at pleasure. Also if you doe finde your Horse to be costive by meanes of his sick­nesse, as commonly horses will be after Physicke, then first rake him, and finding his doung to be hot, dry, and hard, give him the suppo­sitory of a candle, shewed you in chap. 18. § 27. Suppos. 1. of this second Booke. And this is the best Suppository can be given him in a case of this nature. ✚ But if contrariwise you finde him to have a strong and violent laxe, or scowring upon him, whereby he purgeth overmuch, and so continueth, then be you assured that hee hath something in his body wherewith nature is offended, which you must labour to remove, and for remedy thereof,

Take of new milke one quart, and put to it of Beane flower two spoonfuls, and as much of the powder of Bolearmonack searsed, boyle these untill the milke thicken, and so bloud warme give it your Horse, and in a morning or two fasting with a horne, and it will stay his loosenesse: ✚ but if this doe it not, then shall you

Take of red Wine one pinte, or Tinto the like quantity, and put in­to it of Bursa-Pastoris, one handfull, and of Tanners Bark in fine powder, half a handful, the outside being first taken away, then boyle it till the hearb do begin to be soft, then straine it, and put thereto of Cinamon powdred two spoonfuls, and so give it him bloud warme, one or two mornings, and this will infallibly stay his fluxe: and if you cannot get Diapente or Diatesseron, then give him this drinke.

Take of Dragon-water one pinte, London Treacle one ounce, warme it till the Treacle be dissolved, and so give it him bloud warm; give him this drinke three mornings together, and for his drink other­wise, let him have sweet Mashes three mornings onely, and after till he be well recovered, let him have no cold water by any meanes, but [Page 152] onely white water, and through Gods assistance he will be soone re­stored to his former health. ✚ These things I have often practised to good purpose.

§ 8. D.

VVHat is to be done to a Horse that droopeth, pineth, or languisheth?

This disease commeth by a cold taken, or by some unnatu­rall surfet, by reason of over-hard riding, or by being washed after an extreame heate; the fignes to know it, is, he will feed, but with no appetite, neither will the meate he eateth, disgest well with him, for, give him Oates and you shall finde many of them come forth whole in his ordure, besides, he will be lanke in the belly and flankes, and his flesh will fall away. The cure for such a malady, is first to

Drooping.Take bloud from him as well in the necke as spurre veines, for that the bloud is most corrupt, and naught, the next day rake him, and ad­minister unto him the Clister prescribed you in lib. 2. chap. 6. and § 7. Clist. 3. C. the next day after he hath taken his Clister, give him this drinke.

Take of new milke warmed as much as will suffice, the yelkes of three new laid Egges, of pepper, made into very fine powder, a halfe penny worth of Anniseeds, Myrra, Bay-berries, Turmaricke pow­dred also, of each halfe a dram, of ordinary Treacle one penny worth and a little saffron powdred, pound all the simples that are to be pounded, every one by it selfe, and mixe them well with the residue, and let them infuse in the milke a whole night, and the next morning give it to the Horse bloud warme, and after order him as you are ac­customed to doe to sicke Horses in Physicke, but let him have this drink five mornings together, and keep him to Mashes or white water, and if during that time you doe not finde his appetite to come unto him better then before, then let him rest foure dayes, and at foure dayes end give him this drinke, viz.

Take Bay-berries, Iuniper-berries, Aristoloch. rot. Ivory, Myrra, of each two ounces, make all these into fine powder, and searse them, and let them be well mixed, boyle of this powder two spoonfuls in strong Ale one quart, or Muskadine or Sacke one pinte, which is much better, adding thereto when you take it from the fire, so much Pepper finely beaten, as will lye on a sixe pence, and so much grated Ginger as will lye upon a shilling, and so bloud warme administer it to your Horse, then so soone as he hath taken this drinke, trot him gently a mile or two upon faire ground, and then set him up warme, and cause him to sweate in the Stable an houre, but not too violent­ly, and after coole him discreetly, and by degrees, and give him this drinke and sweats three times, to wit, every other day, and af­ter the taking of these three drinkes, Take of burnt Sack one [Page 153] pinte, and put to it of Arement two good lumps made first into fine powder, and give it your Horse two mornings, that is to say, having given it him once, let him rest, and then give it him for the seco [...]d drinke foure dayes after. ✚ And thus have I cured sundry horses of this infirmity.

§ 9. D.

VVHat cure have you for a Dropsie?

This disease hath an apparant ground more then conjecturall, for it never commeth to be knowne by any symptomes, but onely when the horse falleth into dislike, and loseth the true and perfect colour of his hayre and skinne, and when he lo­seth his spirit, mettle, strength, cheerefulnesse, and stomacke, and there­fore we see it commeth principally for want of good nourishment and digesture, which passeth into melancholy, it proceeding either from the spleene, or from the liver, or both, the bloud being corrupted, and converted into a thin and watry substance, and sometimes it commeth of over-much rest, for want of moderate exercise, which I doe judge to be the more probable. Some Ferriers doe affirme that there be three kindes of this disease, but I could never observe more then one only, which hath its origen either of melancholy bloud water, or winde, but chiefly of water, by reason that the belly & legs of a horse will swell, and that a watry humour runnes 'twixt the skin and the flesh, and if you lay your finger hard upon the swolne places, when you shall take it away, there will be in the place a pit for a small time af­ter. The signes to know it are, that he will be swelled both body and legges, he will be also short-breathed, lose his stomacke, have in his body a continuall drought, but yet when he commeth to drinke, he will not drinke much, but pudder long with his nose in the water, he will be as if he had a generall consumption over all his body, and in time he will pine and fall away to the very bones, and his flankes and buttockes will be dry, and his hayre will shed and pill off with every rubbing, &c. The cure is, first let him bloud, to take away the cold, Dropsie. thin watrish or wheyish bloud, that better may come in its place, then cover him warme, and give him a sweat in the Stable, but if he will not be brought to sweat in the Stable (as many times it so falleth out) then exercise him abroad till he sweat, and bring him into the Stable againe, and cloath and litter him warm, and let him be well rubbed, and give him Sallow leaves, or the leaves of the Elme tree greene, Rye blades, Sedge, or Grasse, to keep his body open, and when you doe give him Hay, let it be sprinckled with water; then give him this drinke:

Take of Ale one gallon, set it upon the fire, and scum off the froth as it riseth, then put into it of Worm-wood, and of Rue the tender tops and leaves without stalkes carefully picked, of each a handfull, [Page 154] and so boyle the Ale to a quart, then take it off, and straine it well, and dissolve into it of the best London Treacle three ounces, and put also unto it of long-Pepper and Grains both made into fine powder, of each one ounce, then brew all these well together till it be but bloud warme, and so give it him to drinke, then bathe and annoynt the legs that be swelled with Trayne-oyle twice a day, till the swel­ling goe away; and give him Mashes or white water, and feed him with such meate as he will best eate, changing his dyet daily, and give it him by little at once, and after some small time thus spent with him, if the weather be seasonable, turne him to grasse, and he shall doe well and become sound againe. ✚ This is all the Drop­sie I doe know, howsoever many Ferriers doe talke much of another kinde which they doe call the Feltrick, which is not truely a Dropsie, but a disease distinct from the Dropsie, unto which young Horses are inclinable, that from Foles and Colts are bred in Fennes, Moores, Marshes, moyst and wet grounds, and Commons, by meanes where­of they will swell exceedingly under the belly, and so soone as they doe come to be handled and backed, whereby they may be provoked to sweate, they will presently have inflamations under the Chaule, runne at nose, fall into an incurable Glanders, and in a word become inwardly rotten, The cure is,

Feltrick.First with your fleame strike him in sundry places under the belly, where the swelling is most ranke, and so let the corrupt bloud and filth issue forth, by the space of an houre or two, then wipe the places cleane and dry, and then

Take of Buck-lye made very strong with chamber-lye, and the ashes of Ashen wood, and dissolve into the lye of Vnguentum Popu­leon, and Dialthea, of each one ounce, or as much as will suffice, ac­cording to the Lye you have, and being made good and hot, wash, bathe, and annoynt the swelling therewith morning and evening till the swelling be quite gone, and after every dressing, trot him up and downe by the space of a quarter of an houre, which will be a ve­ry good meanes to cause the humour to dissolve, and so to depart the sooner and the better, and for two or three dayes, give him fasting a quart of good Ale, and of Diapente two spoonfuls, which must be immediately before his trotting forth, after his dressing, and so set him up warme, and give him white water. ✚ And thus have I cu­red many Horses of the Feltrick.

§ 10. D.

VVHat is good to take dead flesh out of a sore?

We use sundry sorts of corrosives wher­with to cleanse foule wounds, and to eate away dead, proud, and naughty flesh out of sores to the end they may heale and carnifie the better and more kindely: but yet omitting all sorts of powders [Page 155] and other corrosives to corrode and eate away dead flesh, I will teach you a most precious Vnguent, which will take off any dead, proud, spungy, or bad flesh, in the foote or any other part of the Body, be the wound never so deep or ulcerated, and it will not only take away all proud, dead, and naughty flesh, but it will also clense, and heale up the same very soundly in short space, And this Vnguent is thus made and compounded.

Take of common Hony two ounces, Roach-alume, Verde-grease and Vinegar, of each one ounce, sublimat two drammes, Dead flesh let all bee made into fine powder, and boyle it a few waumes, keeping it still stirring, and then take it from the fire, and keep it in a gally pot stop­ped, for your use. Apply this Vnguent upon lint or fine hurds, to the Sorance once a day, and it cureth speedily, and soundly, but then ob­serve that every day before you dresse the sore, you cleanse, wash, & inject into the wound the water taught you in the next §. which I will shew you for a Puncture or deepe wound, ✚. And this is an ap­proved cure, and beyond all peradventure.

§. 11. D.

VVEll shew mee then, what is good for a Puncture or deepe wound?

If it be in the foote, or any other part of the Body, if you can come well unto it, or if it be an Impostumation unbroken, scald it first with the medicine of red-Tarre, Hogs-grease, Bay-salt, and greene Copporas, described in lib. 2. cap. 16. §. 10. for the Poll. evill, then wash the wound with this water.

Take red-Sage, Plantane, Ribwort, Yarrow, Bramble-leaves, Deepe wounds. Rosemary, Isope, and Honey-suckle-leaves, of each one half a hand­full, boyle them in white Wine one pint, and as much of Smithes, or coletrough-water, then adde thereunto in the boyling, of common Honey one Spoonefull, and as much Alume, as a wall-nut, and a bright black peece of Sea-cole, the bignesse of an Egge unbroken, then let this boyle till the one moiety bee consumed, then strayne it hard, and wash the Sorance therewith, and if the wound bee deepe, inject of this water with a siring or squirt every day: when you dresse him, and by thus doing you shall cleanse the wound, take away all dead and bad flesh, and heale up the wound, both soundly and spee­dily. ✚. This is a most approved Receipt.

§. 12. D.

VVHat is best to be applyed to a desperate Straine?

If it bee so desperate an old Straine as that it be holden incurable, if it lyeth in the Shoulder, or other hidden [Page 156] and fleshy part of the Body, or that the Horse have a Fistula, Poll-evill or other inflamation, or swelling, then use but this one Medicine, and it will cure the same. viz.

Desperate straine.Take a large earthen vessell, or crock of one, two, or three gal­lons or more, and fill it almost to the top, with Asmart and Brooke­lime, of each like much, and mix them well, then fill it up to the top with old chamber-lye as can be gotten, so that all the herbs be quite covered and more, then stop it close with a board or some such like thing, and so keep it for your use, for it never can bee too old; now when you have occasion to use this Medicine for any griefe afore­said, then take an earthen Pipkin, and put thereinto aswell of the li­quor, as of the hearbs so much as shall suffice, for your present use, and boyle it well upon the fire. Then if it be for a strayne in the shoul­der, you shall take an old boote, and cut of the foote, so as you may draw it over the Horse-foote and bring it up above the knee, almost to the Elbow of the Shoulder, keeping the neather part of the boote as close and straight to the legge as may be, but the upper part which is to cover the shoulder must be wide and spatious; then into this boote thrust all this mixture, so hot as the Horse can suffer it, and lay it fast, and close about the shoulder, especially before and behind; then draw­ing up the upper part of the boote, so fasten it to the Mane, and a­bout his Neck, as that it may not by any meanes slip downe, but keep constant and firme; and thus you must apply this Medicine to the place, till the griefe depart; this is the most violent of all medicines, and fit for no creature but a horse to endure, yet in short time it will bring forth whatsoever evill matter lyeth in the Ioints; and if you have occasion to apply this to a Fistula, Poll evill, or any Impostuma­tion, or swelling, then may you spare the boote, and only lay on the medicine in manner of a Pultis, and it will be sufficient. ✚. This is a very approved Receipt.

§ 13. D.

VVHat meanes have you to dissolve Grease or Glut in a fat or ketty Horse, after a strong heate or violent exercise?

For a thing of this nature, I have seene this scowring ad­ministred, viz.

Dissolve grease.Take of sweet Sack one quart, and set it upon the fire, eyther in a Basin, or open Skillet, and when it is scalding hot, put into it of Ro­sin one ounce, made into very fine powder, then by degrees a little after a little, convey it into the Sacke, continually stirring it as you put it in, for feare of clotting, and when the Sack and it is very well incorporate, take it from the fire, and put into it of Sallet oyle halfe a pint, and so stirre them well together, and as it cooleth, put also in­to it of browne Sugar-candy, made into fine powder one ounce, and [Page 157] when it is only bloud warme, give it to your Horse so soone as hee commeth from his exercise, and then being set up, let him bee well rubbed, and cloathed warme and well littered, and let him fast three houres after it, and let the Groome remaine continually with him du­ring these three houres, till you do give him meate, yea and an houre after, neyther let your horse all that time stand still long, nor sleepe, but be kept stirring, and mooving, for that the medicine will by that meanes worke the more kindly, and when you shall give this or any other scowring, be you sure that neyther the same day, nor the next, you give him any cold water, but eyther a sweet mash or white wa­ter. This scowring I once did see made, and given by a Iocky to a strong, lusty, able hunting Horse, which he had in agitation for a hun­ting match, but it wrought so violently, and made him so extreame sick for more then twenty foure houres after the taking thereof, as that I never durst be so hardy, as to put the same in ure, neverthe­lesse the Creature did very well recover againe, and wonne his match.

§. 14. D.

HOw may a man come to know, what are the diseases of the Liver?

Assuredly Sir the diseases of the Liver are many, but yet the true and certaine grounds, how to discover them is beyond eve­ry Ferriers skill to compasse; neverthelesse that there be many, and those severall and distinct Infirmities in the Liver, no man needes make doubt: for if the Liver be eyther too hot, or too dry, too moist, or too cold, may easily be diseased, which must needs occurre to the Horse, eyther by intemperate riding or labour, or by evill foode, or by meanes of evill and corrupt humors, which do gather to the place, or by the overflowing of the Gall, or when Choler is predominate, it being cheifly ingendred through heat, like as cold begetteth Flegme, which causeth the sicknesse and ill disposition of the Liver, together with its payne and anguish, whence proceede inflamations, and Im­postumations, stoppings, obstructions, knobs, yea and very pernici­ous Vlcers, every of which do cause the generall Consumption and disease thereof. If the disease of the Liver do proceed from any hot cause, it is more easie to bee discovered, then if it came from any cold cause, for that it doth discover it selfe by these apparant signes viz. He will bee leane and fall away of his flesh, hee will loath his meate, and that which he eateth doth him little or no good, for want of ready digestion, his ordure wilbe very offensive, his thirst great, and he will be verv much subject to a loosenesse: whereas on the o­ther side, if the disease ariseth from any cold cause, you cannot dis­cerne it bv any of these signes, for that he will be in very good liking & state of body, eate his meat with a good appetite, his excrements will [Page 158] have no evill savour when he dischargeth himselfe, he will drinke orderly and temperately, neither will he be loose or costive; where­fore if it come of any cold cause, we must then endeavour to finde out its symptomes. Now if a Horse be diseased in his liver, the infir­mity must (I say) proceed from an inflamation and impostumation, or from an ulcer. If it come from a cold cause, it cannot be an infla­mation, nor an impostumation, for that these two doe both come from a hot cause, as all the learned doe know full well, and there­fore of necessity it must be an ulcer which proceedeth from a cold cause, and the signes to know it is, continuall coldnesse of his body, his hayre will stare, and he will be subject to great feeblenesse, faint­nesse and debility of body, and the reason is, for that the exulcerated matter doth diffuse throughout the whole body its evill vapours, which corrupteth and very much offendeth the heart in such wise, whereby to occasion and hasten the death of the poore beast: if in time the malady be not discovered, and skilfully and by Art cured. I have intreated sufficiently upon this subject, to wit, of the nature of this infirmity, and the signes how to know the same. And therefore I thinke it time we doe goe to the Cure.

Disease of the Liver.So soone as you have discovered this disease: first let him bloud on both sides the necke the first day, and the next day let him bloud in both the spurre veynes, then give him this drink, viz.

Take Isope, Cowes-lip-leaves, Liver-wort, Lung-wort, alias Mo­lin or Molet-leaves, Harts-tongue, of each a handfull, then take Gen­tiana, Aristolochia rotunda, Fenugrick, Enulacampana dried, and long-Pepper, of each like much, so as when they be pounded and searsed, you may have of each a spoonfull; chop the hearbs, and then mingle them with this powder, and put to it of life honey one spoonfull, then boyle all these ingredients in a quart of strong Ale, untill a moyety be consumed, and straine it well, and so give it him bloud warme, and keep him warm, and having made him fast three or foure houres after this drinke, give him Barly boyled, but if he shall refuse to eate thereof, by reason the drinke hath made him dry and thirsty, then give him a warme Mash, and after the boyled Bar­ly againe; but let him not have this drink, but the day after he hath been let bloud in the spurre veynes, give him this drinke three times, but let him alwayes rest three dayes betwixt every drench, and give him white water for fifteen dayes after his last drinke, and let him e­very day be well rubbed, and this will cure him. ✚ I have often made tryall of this cure, and I have found it to be very good, and it is also singular for the lungs; but if you doe suspect the liver to be wa­sted, then give him this drinke, viz.

Take of strong wort, either of Ale or Beere, and give it him to drinke in a morning, having fasted all night from meate and drinke, and three houres after he hath drunke his Wort, give him Oates baked in the Oven, and doe thus for three or foure dayes together or [Page 159] longer, as you shall see cause, and he will be sound againe. ✚ But if you doe suspect his liver not to be very sound, then

Take a good root or two of Polipodium of the Oake, made very cleane, and of Liverwort, alias Mullet one handfull, cut them very small, then take of Rubarb scraped or grated into fine powder, sixe penny weight, and three or foure dayes in a moneth give it him in his provender early in the morning two or three houres before hee drinketh, and let his drinke be white water during his cure, and once in sixe moneths make tryall of his bloud by opening a veyne, whether it be pure or corrupt, so as you take it from him accordingly, that is, the greater quantity if the same be bad, and the lesse if it be good, and administer helpe as cause shall require it. ✚ This is also a most so­veraigne receit.

§ 15. D.

YOu have formerly delivered me many good Receits for colds, but yet would I gladly have something which should be good for a Horse that runneth at the nose.

Very well Sir, I will therefore give you that which shall be very good, and which I have often my selfe proved. First then if you shall finde your Horse to have taken a cold, and therewith he runneth at the nose, whereby he may be in danger of a Glanders, let him bleed at the necke veine well, then

Take of Assefetida, the quantity of a hasle nut, Cold or running at the nose. and dissolve it in a saucer full of white Wine vineger, then take Lint or fine Hurds, and dip it into the medicine, and so stop it into the eares of the Horse, and with a needle and threed stitch up his eares, so as the medicine get not forth: the next day, take the dry mosse which groweth upon an old pale of a Parke, or other pale, or upon the limbs of an old Oke, one handfull or better, chop it small, and boyle it in a pottle of new milke, together with a green root of Elecampane cut into thin and small slices, and so let it boyle till halfe the milke be consumed, then straine it and presse it throughly, and before it be cold, put into the milke a good piece of sweet Butter, and of ordinary Treacle so much as will suffice, and so give it him bloud warme. ✚ This is also good for the head-ach, Frenzy, Stavers, Pose, Cold, Cough, wet or dry, shortnesse of breath, rotten lungs, Glaunders, mourning of the Chine, Laxe, Loosenesse, Bloudy-fluxe, of the like diseases.

§. 16. D.

WHat may a man apply to a Horse to cause him to draw up his yard?

This is a disease which commeth of weakenesse in the backe, Draw his yard. or kidneyes, either through over-riding, or some leap or strain; or by meanes of a cold; and sometimes it commeth by a terrible stripe given him upon the loynes against the kidneyes, or upon the yard it selfe, or by wearinesse or tyrednesse; the signes to know it, is by the unseemely hanging of the member, and the cure is thus:

First wash and bathe all the yard and sheath with white Wine made warme, and after that annoynt it with oyle of Roses, and life honey mingled together, and so put up the yard into the sheath, and with a soft boulster of Canvas, keep it from falling downe, and dresse him thus every day once till hee we well, and let his backe and fillets be kept warme, and annoynted with Acopum, or if you have not Aco­pum, then apply this charge unto his backe and fillets.

Take Bolearmonacke, the whites of Egges, Wheate meale, Sanguis Draconis, Venis Turpentine, and strong white Wine vineger, of each of these as much as will suffice, mixe them well, and charge his backe therewith, his sheath and his stones, and he shall be well. Ano­ther:

Take the ashes of Ashen wood, the whitest, finest, and best bur­ned, and searse them, one pound, or red-clay dryed, and made into fine powder, halfe a pound, Bolearmonacke halfe an ounce pow­dred, boyle all these in as much Verjuyce of the crab, as will make it liquid like pap, and with it, annoynt his yard, sheath, and stones morning and evening, and he shall be presently cured. ✚ This is speciall good.

§. 17. D.

VVHat is good to draw a thorne, stub, iron, splinter, naile, or what else out of the flesh of the horse?

If the stub, thorne, or whatsoever else it be, that is gotten into the flesh be so deep as that you cannot come to it to plucke it forth with your fingers or plyers, then lay to the place a good quan­tity of blacke sope, Draw a thorne. and so let it lye all night, and in the morning it will make it to appeare, so as you may come to take hold of it with your Instrument: but if it be gotten into the flesh so deep, as that the sope cannot doe it, then must you open the flesh by the way of inci­sion, so deep till you may come to take hold thereof with your In­strument, and so plucke it forth, which done, heale up the wound with the oyntment taught you in lib. 2. cap. 10. § 4. G. and so heale it up, but be you certaine that you doe heale it from the bottome, lest [Page 161] it breake out againe. ✚ This is the most certaine way for this cure that I doe know.

§. 18. D.

VVHat good drinke is to be given, whereby to preserve the lungs?

If you have no great occasion to feare your horses lungs, then you may administer to him in his Provender onely such pow­ders as you shall finde prescribed you already in lib. 2. cap. 2. § 43. but if you have just cause to suspect that his lungs may be rotten, fre­tized or broken, then to heale or make them sound againe, or at least to give him great ease, for you may know it by these signes, Drinke to preserve lungs. viz. his flankes will beat when he cougheth, which he will often do, but prin­cipally when you give him riding or exercise, and the slower they beat, the older and more dangerous the disease is; he will also draw his winde short, he will grone oft, but most in lying downe, and ri­sing up, and be very fearefull and loth to cough. The cure is,

Take Tartar made of white Wine Lees, which you may have of the Apothecaries, or if you please you may make it your selfe, (for it is none other thing then the thickest of the Lees of white Wine well dryed and made into powder.) Take (I say) of this one ounce and a halfe, of Isope and of Colts foot, of each halfe a handfull, of Hore-hound one handfull, of Elecampane in fine powder, Anniseeds, and Licoris of each one ounce, of browne sugar candy foure ounces, boyle all these together in good Ale one quart, and when it is halfe boyled, put into it of Isope water, and of Colts-foot water, both twice distilled, to take off their crudities, of each one pinte, and so boyle all againe together, and then straine it, and give it your Horse bloud warme. ✚ If your Horse have been exercised, being foule, or having been in dyet, then he hath been over-much used to Cli­sters, Drinkes, Rakings, Purgations, Sweats, Vomits, and the like; give him this drinke then, and you shall finde it to be most soveraign for him, and the cleaner he is within, the better is its operation, and will worke more kindely in his body; and at what times you are to Tilt, Hunt, Travell, or exercise him, give him but one pinte of this drinke in the morning fasting before his going forth, for it will so helpe his breath, whereby (through moderate exercise) he will be much the better able to goe through with his worke, then otherwise he could have done. ✚ And this drinke I have often proved. Also if you doe finde him to be either diseased, or sicke in his lungs, or that they be any way fretized, then give him this drinke.

Take of tryed Hogges-grease two ounces, and of Diapente three spoonfuls, put these into a quart of water, wherein Barly hath been boyled till it burst, and warme it in the fire till the Hog-grease be dissolved, and so bloud warme give it your sicke Horse, and three [Page 162] houres after, give him of the Barley warme to eate, and either sweet mashes, or white water to drinke, ✚. This was taught mee by an Italian Rider in Paris, and I have often made use thereof, and have found it to be speciall good, howbeit for the time it will cause him to bee very sick, but have no feare, for it is right good for this Mala­dy. Another.

Take Muskadine or sweet Sack one pint, life-honey th [...]e Spoon­fuls, Myhrre, Saffaron, Cascia, and Cinamon, of each like much, make all these into fine powder, and mixe two Spoonefuls of this powder with your Muskadine and Hony, and give it him warme with a Horne, give him this drinke fifteene daies together, continu­ing to give him mashes and white water, and this is a most certaine Cure, ✚. But if you do find that his Lungs be rotten and impostu­mated, then

Take of the juyce of Purslaine halfe a pint, and mix therwith of the Oyle of Roses so much as will suffice, and put thereto a little Tra­gantum steeped before in Goates, Ewes, or Cowes milke, and give him thereof to drinke seven mornings together: but this drinke will but only ripen and breake the Impostume, which you shall know to be done, by his exceeding stincking breath, then shall you give him in fine powder Cassia three ounces, and seaven Raisins of the Sunne stoned, boyle these in Muskadine one pint, and bloud warme give it him, and it will heale up his Lungs againe. ✚. This is very good

§. 19. D.

IS there no good thing to be given to a Horse, wherewith to prevent diseases all the whole yeare?

As touching the prevention of all diseases, I have spoken before, I thinke, sufficiently, but yet I will teach you one thing, (for that you are desirous to learne, and learning is no burthen) which may bee worthy your notice, for I will keepe no secret from you; Sithence it is my Masters pleasure, I should dilate the utmost of my skill and Art.

First, therefore the spring of the yeare comming on, a time when new bloud beginneth to come, and that ere long grasse wilbe able to take heart, whereby the better to give nutriment to a Horse; The first day of April open a veine in the Neck, to see the better how the bloud is: if good, take the lesse, if bad then the more: then from that day untill the first of May, give him this which I shall prescribe you, and let him have it every day without fayle, Morning and Evening du­ring the whole month of April, from the first day to the last, which is before his turning out to grasse, or soyling, which should be about the middle of May, and let him have the same also all the whole [Page 163] month of October (like as you must do in April after you have taken him from grasse, about Bartholmewtide, and do as you before have bin taught in all poynts. That which I prescribe is this.

Take a Bushell of old Rie, sweet and cleane, well purged, Diseases [...] prevent. or sif­ted, from dust, stones, lome, feathers, cobwebs, or any such like filth, and put it into a cleane iron pot, dry, and without water, I meane such an iron pot, in which usually flesh meat is boyled, for such a like vessell, is best for this our purpose, it taketh least harme, and is much more wholesome then Brasse, Copper, or any other mettall: set this pot thus dry, and without water over the fire, and put into it your Bushell of Rie (for a lesse quantity you cannot well have) and as it beginneth to wax hot, keepe the Rie with continuall stirring, even from the bottome, without any intermission, untill you have so par­ched the Rie, that it becommeth black and hard, which to be so, will aske good heat, and no lesse labour to stirre it up and downe in the pot, when you do find that the Rie is sufficiently parched, which you shall know by its blacknesse, drynesse, and hardnes, take it from the fire, and put it into some other cleane, and dry vessell, which so soon as it is cold, let the vessell be kept close stopped, and so kept for your use. Now when you are to use of this Rie, take two or three good handfuls of it, and let it bee beaten to fine powder and given to your Horse mingled with his Provender, at every watring, morning and evening, or other times when you usually give him Oates; doe this these two entire months of April and October, for that all men doe hold, that in these two months the bloud turneth and altereth, as wee alter his diet from hard and dry meate, to grasse; and so likewise from grasse to dry meate, for this Rie thus parched and ordred, doth refine the Bloud, coole the Liver, and purgeth the Spleene, so as the whol structure of the body is thereby the better eased and freed, from all such bad and unnaturall humors, which would otherwise make the body inclinable to sundry Maladies and diseases, which this Rie pre­venteth, and therefore if you bee willing to keepe your Horse sound, and free from diseases, order him in these two months according as I have prescribed you, and you shalbe secure, ✚. This I have oft made use of, and it is good.

§. 20. D.

HAve you any comfortable drinke to administer to a Horse that is very sicke?

I have heretofore shewed you divers, but yet I will give you one more.

Take of good white Wine one pinte, of white Sugar Candy, Drink com­fortable. and of Cinamon, of each one ounce, of Cloves halfe an ounce, Saf­fron three drammes, of Sugar refined three ounces, make all these in­to fine powder, then take Mithridate two ounces, Honey of Roses [Page 164] foure ounces, mixe all these well together, and put it to the Wine, and make it bloud warme over the fire, and so give it him, and now and then as he standeth upon the trench, let him chew upon the end of a Buls pizell, some Arman, let him be cloathed and littered warm, and remaine fasting upon the trench three houres, and after give him a sweet Mash, or white water, and after order him as is usuall for a sicke horse. ✚ This is one of the best preservative drinkes that I know, and I have had great proofe thereof.

§. 21. D.

VVHat remedy have you for a dislocated joynt?

Let it be first put into its right place, then in the binding up apply this plaister.

Dislocated joynt.Take Wheate Bran, and Hogs-grease, of each as much as will suf­fice, make them into one body, and make thereof a Plaister of Hurds, and so apply it to the place, and after binde and swathe it up, and the joynt and member will be well againe having rest.

§. 22. D.

WHat disease is that is called Tranchaisons?

This tearme we have from the French, which is onely a paine or griping in the belly, caused partly of winde, and partly of cold, and eftsoones of both, and our English tearme is, the Chollicke, which is a most grievous paine, ingendring many infirmi­ties, as I have before declared in its due place: notwithstanding be­cause you have given me the French tearme, I will give you two or three French Receits for the same disease, albeit I did never experi­ment any of them, yet I doe hold them to be good.

Disease of Tranchai­sons or the chollicke.Take of Arquequamis one ounce, make it into juyce, and put to it of white wine one pinte, and so give it to the Horse, which done, annoynt his privy members with this unguent, Take of Garlicke unpilled, as much as will suffice, and stampe it well, and mixe with it of Sallet oyle as much as will suffice, and so bring it to an unguent, and there­with annoynt the yard, sheath, and cods, and it will both give him ease, and cause him to stale suddenly, by which meanes he will amend. Another:

Take Cinque-foyle halfe an handfull or Pantaphillon, beat and stampe it well, and moysten it with warme water, and so give it him to drinke. Another:

Take of the powder of Siliris Montani, D'quare, and of Comin, of each an ounce, and put them into white Wine one pinte, and so give it him, then so soone as he hath taken this drinke, trot him out for halfe an houre, a good round trot, especially up the hill, and af­ter bring him into the Stable, and cloathe and litter him warme. Another:

Take of Fenugricke and of Comin, of each one ounce, make them into fine powder, and with white Wine a pinte, give it him bloud warme, and trot him out as before.

§ 23. D.

HAve you no way to dry soares?

Yea Sir, and I will give you some receits for that purpose. [...]ake egge shels and burne them almost blacke: Dry up soares. take also the upper leather of old shoes, and burne them to a cole: take also a Char-cole, quick lime, and greene coperas, burned in a well nealed earthen pot, untill it be red: Take of each of these a like quantity, and beate them together to fine powder, and strew this powder upon the soare or galled place, and every time you dresse the soare herewith, wash it well with strong vineger or chamber-lye warmed. ✚ But if it be an old ulcer, or cankerous soare, then take Masticke, Frankincense, Cloves, greene Coperas, Brimstone, of each like much, Myrra double as much as any of the former ingredients, beate all these by themselves to fine powder, and mixe them well, then take of this powder and burne it upon a chafing-dish and coles, Lint whe [...] with to he [...] ulcers or o [...] soares. but be carefull it flame not, then as the smoake or fume thereof ari­seth, take of fine lint a good handfull or two, and hold it over the said smoake or steame, so as it may receive all the said steame into the said lint, then when it is throughly well perfumed, put the lint into a box, pot, or glasse, and be sure to stop it up so close, as that none the least ayre can possibly come into it (for the least ayre will deprive the lint of its vertue) and so keep it for your use; and when you have oc­casion to make use thereof, first wash the soare with new made cham­ber-lye warme, either as it commeth from the man, or else warmed upon the fire, then dry the soare againe, and lastly lay some of this lint to the soare, and so make it up, and doe this twice every day, and you shall finde it to be a speedy and perfect cure. ✚ But if you would dry up the scratches in the heeles of your Horse,

Take then chamber-lye which is old made, or stale, and rock or roch-Allum as much as will suffice, boyle them together, and reserve it thus well boyled in a glasse, or other cleane vessell well stopped, then take of greene nettles the strongest, most angry and keene, two handfuls, and lay them thin upon some plate, or other broad thing, and so dry them either before the fire, or in an Oven, after houshold­bread is drawne, then make it into powder very fine, this done, take of Pepper, and make it also into very fine powder, being finely sear­sed, so as it may be of like quantity with the powder of nettles, and so mixe them well together, then keep this powder in a dry glasse, close stopped, and when you may have occasion to use this powder, first wash the soare with the said liquor of Allome and Chamber-lye made bloud warme, and so having purged, cleansed, and dryed the [Page 166] sorance well with a cleane linnen cloth, strew and lay on your pow­der, and thus doe after travell or exercise every day once during the time of his rest, and this will cure him throughly. ✚ This cure I have often practised.

§. 24. D.

VVHat disease is that which is called the Arraistes, and how is it cured?

Arraistes or Rats-tayles.This is also a French Epitheton, which we call the Rats-tayles, being a kinde of scratches: of this disease I have spoken be­fore in the letter A. and therefore I will now leave entreating further thereof.

§. 1. E.

WHat is to be given to a Horse that hath eaten a Taynt?

A Taynt is a kinde of red worm which many Ferriers will say can doe a Horse no harm, but they are much mistaken, for I have knowne Horses to dye with eating it; but if he have eaten a Taynt, the signes will be, that he will be sicke, and forsake his meat, and he will swell in all his body, also his eyes will so swell that you would thinke they would fall out of his head, he will draw in and out his breath very short, and his tongue and mouth will be very dry and hot, and peradventure blistred, but he will be easily cured, for so soone as you shall perceive him to forsake his meate, and that he doth begin to swell, then be you confident that he hath eaten some unwholesome thing, for this inconvenience sel­dome commeth to any Horse but at grasse onely. The cure is,

Eate a Taynt.Take of the urine of man as it commeth warme from him, one pinte, and of bay-salt one handfull, stirre these well together, and give it him with a horne, and after walke him up and downe halfe an houre, and he is cured. ✚ This I have sundry times tryed, and it is a certaine cure.

§. 2. E.

VVHat cure have you for a Horse that hath eaten a Fea­ther?

This may be gotten aswell in the Stable, as abroad at grasse: in the Stable through the negligence of the Keeper or Groome, in not dusting, shaking, or picking, and searching his Hay and Provender well, and by not looking narrowly, that no Feathers bee among his Hay, Oates or Provender, when he giveth him his meate, eyther in the Rack or Manger, he may also get a Feather at Grasse, as hee feed­eth in a Meadow or Pasture, where Swannes, Geese, Ducks, Tur­kies, or other Poultry or Foules doe lye and feed, they in the Sum­mer season, mowting, and mewing their Feathers, whereby the Horse grafing and feeding in those places, may easily and unwares eate a Feather, which being taken into the Wesand, will stick fast there, which will so suffocate him, as that it will provoke him to cough so vehemently, as if his Heart would breake, for it will sticke so fast in his Throte or Wesand, as that he can neither swallow it downe into his Body nor cast it up at his Mouth. The cure is.

Put the cord of your Drenching Staffe into his teeth, Eate a fe [...] ther▪ and hold his head up on high, then take of Verjuyce of the crab one pint, and two new laid Egges, and beate them together, shels and all, with the Ver­juice, and so give it him with a Horne, and so soone as hee hath swal­lowed the same, give him a few small branches of Savine, and this will carry away the feather into his stomacke, ✚. This I have very ofttentimes done, and made him well againe.

§ 3. E.

BVt then what Cure have you for a Horse that hath eaten a Spider? which I take to be much more perillous to the life of the Horse?

The signes to know this, is like to that of the Taint, but only that he will swell much more, and this may befall him rather in Winter then in Summer: for which give him this drinke.

Take Vrine of a Man newly made one quart, of Rue, Bittony, Eate a Spi­der. Scabious, Pimpernell, Dragons, of each a like much, but in such a quantity, as in the whole, all will amount but only to one handfull, chop these hearbs together small, and let them boyle together in the Vrine a little, adding thereto of Bay-salt, and Sallet-oyle of each one Spoonefull, and so give it him bloud warme, ✚. Now if it be in Winter,

Take of Vrine one quart, Arement one lumpe, Aristolochia rotun­da, Mithridate, of each one dramme, English Saffaron, one scruple, Sallet-oyle one Spoonefull, Bezar-stone three graines, let these bee [Page 168] set on the fire and given him bloud warme, if it be in Summer, turne him to grasse, and if need be rake him, and then convey into his Tu­ell a ball of fresh Butter. But if it be in Winter let him be also raked, and give him of the blades of Greene Rie, to a good quantity, and for his Provender, let it be for two or three meales, of scalded bran and Hempseed, and let his drinke for three or foure dayes bee white water. ✚. These are all approved medicines.

§. 4. E.

VVHat is good for a blow on the Eye, whereby aswell to save the Eye, as to asswage the swelling there­of?

This needes no study as well to find out the meanes how it commeth, as the signes how to know it, for both are apparant e­nough, there only remayneth to treate of the Cure.

Shave off the hayre from off and about the place swelled, having first well bathed it in warme water. then

Eye a stroakTake the tenderst tops of wormwood, Pellitory, and Branca-Vr­sina, of each halfe a handfull, chop the hearbs very small, and then beate them to an oyntment with old Boares-grease so much as will suffice, then put to it of life hony, and Wheate flower, of each one Spoonefull, and of Lynseed-oyle three Spoonefull, boyle these o­ver the fire very well, keeping it with continuall stirring, and when it is sufficiently well boyled, straine it into a gally pot, and keepe it stopped, and as occasion is offered, anoynt the place swelled here­with ✚.

§. 5. E.

VVHat remedy is to bee had for the Eye that is charged with a Filme, Pinne and Webbe, or with Dra­gons, &c?

These diseases in the Eye, do come sometimes by meanes of some payne in the head, which causeth a Rheume to fall into the Eyes, and sometimes by meanes of Rheumes themselves, which cau­sing the Eyes to water, do ingender these diseases, and sometimes a­gaine it is occasioned by meanes of a strip or hay-dust, or some hame which may be gotten into the Eye. I need not deliver you the signes whereby to know them, they are visible to your sight. The cure therefore is thus. Eye Filme, Pin and web Dragons.

Take Camfire or Sol- Armoniacum, or for want of eyther of these, white-Sugar-Candy: any of these three being made into very fine powder, and blowne into the Eye, three times a day, are most sove­raigne to cure these diseases in the Eyes of a Horse, but Sol- Armonia­cum is the very best of them all. ✚. But if a Filme or Pearle, with­out [Page 169] a Pin and Web, do grow in the Eye, then, take up both the two weeping-veines first, which are under the Eyes, and then give a Caute­rize to eyther place, viz. to open the skinne all along to the very Eyes, and put in to each of them, a quill cut in the middle, then oft-times cleanse them, and comfort the places Cauterized or roweled with unguentum-Populeum, and wash the Eyes every day three times with Eye-bright water, mingled with the juyce of Smallage, and about fifteene dayes after, take away the quils, and after wash the Eyes with cold Fountaine-water. Another. But if it be a Pin and Web, then

Take Cuttle bone, Tartar, Salt-Gemme, of each like much, Pin an [...] make them all into pure fine powder, and with a quill blow of this fine powder well mixed, into his Eye two or three times a day or oftner. ✚. This have I tryed, and have found it to be speciall good. But if be a Pearle, that the horse hath in his Eye, then

Take the angriest tops of red-Nettles, and stamp them well, Pearl [...] Filme. and put them into a fine cleane linnen Rag, then dip the Nettles as they be in the Rag, into Beere, but yet very slightly, and so wring forth the juyce of the said Nettles, into some cleane thing, which done, put to it a little salt so much as will suffice, made first into fine powder, and when the salt is dissolved, convey one drop of the medi­cine into the grieved Eye, morning and evening, and this will take a­way the Pearle, and the Eye will become as cleare as the other, ✚. This I have often tryed, and found it to do rare cures in this kinde. Now for a Pin and web, any of these ensuing will cure it.

Take the sword of a Gammon of Bacon and dry it, Pin an [...] and make it into powder, & blow thereof into the grieved Eye. ✚. This is good. Another.

Take the juyce of ground-Ivy, alias Ale-hoofe, Selendine, life-hony, and womans milke, of each of these so much as will suffice, mixe all these well, and put it into the Eye of the Horse, ✚ Ano­ther.

Take the powder of the bottome of a Brasse pot, the outermost black being first taken off, & the next powder let it be blown into the Eye of the Horse, and it will helpe him. Another.

Take the powder of burnt Alume, or of a black-flint, or the pow­der of Ginger, eyther of these made into fine powder and blowne into the Eye of the Horse, will helpe a Pinne and webbe. Ano­ther.

Take [...]lt Arment, and make it into very fine powder, and put thereto of life-honey and fresh butter, of each so much as will suffice, incorporate all these well together, and so convey of this medicine into the Eye of the Horse, and this will cure a Pin and web. ✚. But if there be a Hawe Hawe. in the Eye, this every Smith can take away; never­thelesse whereas all other Ferriers, that ever I saw worke upon this disease, do use to take it away from the out-side of the Eye, I doe [Page 170] take it away from that part which lyeth next of all to the eye, and I doe finde my way to be much better, and a safer way, as well where­by to preserve the sight of the eye, as also the wash, and so soone as I have cut out the Haw, I doe use to wash the eye with white Wine, and the juyce of selendine mingled together, of each a like much, for this healeth the sorance, and keepeth the eye from rankling. Now I have oft times seene the French Marishals take up the wash of the eye with a Spanish needle, threeded with a double brown threed, and to pluck forth the Haw so farre as he well can, then with a payre of sizers to clip off the Haw so close as he can: but I cannot commend this man­ner of curing the Haw, for by that meanes he cutteth away the wash of the eye, which indeed is the beauty of the eye, whereby the Horse becommeth bleare-eyed, which is in him a very great eye-sore, he be­ing thereby very much disfigured. ✚ But if your Horse have gotten a canker in his eye, then

Eye a Can­ker.Take Ale-hoofe (which is indeed your true ground Ivy) and stamp it well in a morter, and if it be very dry, then moysten it with a little white Rose-water, or the water of Eye-bright distilled, as much as will suffice, and so straine it into a cleane glasse, and therewith wash, bathe, annoynt, and taint the sorance therewith, and in short time it will cure it. ✚ This is very good to cure a Canker, a Pin and Web, bloud shotten eyes, or any such griefe in or about the eyes; and I have often made use of this medicine. Another much better.

Take of stone Coperas (a thing knowne to few, and therefore very hard to get) but in the stead thereof you may use ordinary white Co­peras, make it into fine powder, as much as will suffice, (for I must leave the quantity to your owne discretion) and put it into a small Pipkin, and put thereto so much very faire, cleare running, or Well water as will fill up the Pipkin to the very top, then set the Pipkin up­on a few coales, and cause the water to boyle, but so treatibly, as it may but onely simper, and as the scum doth arise, take it away with a feather, continuing so to doe, till the scum doe leave to arise any more, and when you have sufficiently well boyled it, take it off, and let it stand till it be through cold, then poure away the cleare from the bottome, which must be cast away, and the cleare kept in a glasse viall, very close stopped and bound up for your use, which being thus carefully kept, the water will remaine in its perfection long, yea a whole yeare together or longer. This water cureth almost all disea­ses in the eyes, as Filmes, Pearles, weeping eyes, Pin and Web, Dra­gons, Cataracts, dimnesse of sight, Blindenesse, Rheuma [...]icke, wa­try, stroake, blow, or stripe of or in the eye, and so consequently in many other cases of the like nature. ✚ And of this water I have had great experience. Another:

Take Sal-Armoniack, Lapis-Tulia prepared, Sagina, called in Latine Panicum-Indicum, and of Ginger, of each halfe an ounce, and of white sugar-candy two ounces, powder all these and searse them, [Page 171] and being well mixed, put this powder into a cleane and dry boxe very close stopped, and so keep it that no ayre come to it for your use, and when you have occasion to use of this powder, take a little thereof, and mixe with it of the juyce of ground Ivy, alias Ale-hoofe, as much as will suffice, and so twice a day convey thereof into his eye with a feather, till it be throughly whole. ✚ This is a princi­pall good receit; I will give you another speciall good receit, which will cure all manner of sore eyes.

Take the leaves and roots of Vervine, ordinary honey, and Roman Vitrioll, of each like much, beat, bruise, and mixe these together, and put it into a stillitory glasse, and distill it by Balnea-Maria, with a gentle fire, and the water you take into your Receptacle, put into a viall glasse, and keepe it very close stopped, that no ayre get into it, and when you are to use of the same water, poure of it a little into a silver spoone, and mixe with it of the fat of a Henne or Capon, a small quantity, and therewith annoynt the sore eye twice a day, and it will cure the same perfectly. ✚ I will give you another receit which will take the filme from off the eye albeit there be a very great and thicke skin growne.

Take the gall of a Hare, and life honey, of each like much, put them together into a spoon, and hold the spoone over the fire, till the medicine be bloud warme, and with a feather convey part of this medicine into the eye of the Horse, and thus dresse him morning and evening, and in short time it will take it quite away, so as the eye will become as bright and cleare againe as ever it was before. ✚ This receit I doe hold no whit inferiour to any of the former, for I have often made use thereof. But if your Horse have gotten a stripe in the eye, then let him bloud in the necke, and in the weeping veyne, on the same side where the stripe is, then

Take white Rose-water, and the white of a new laid egge, beat them very well together, then wash and bathe the eye well therwith, and lay round about it with your splatter this charge restringent.

Take Masticke, Bolearmonacke, Sanguis Draconis, the white of a new laid egge, and white wine vineger of the strongest, Eye a charge. beat first the hard simples to very fine powder, and then searse them, and they must be beaten severally, then mixe them all together with the white of the egge, and the vineger so well wrought, as that the medicine come to a thicke oyntment, and with this charge the sorance round about the eye, and this will keepe off the humour, and when that you finde that the eye doth begin to amend, then wash and bathe the eye twice or thrice a day, or oftner, with cold fountaine or Well water, so fresh as it is taken or drawne out of the Well or Fountaine, and if after you shall perceive that there doth grow a filme or skin over the eye, then take it away by blowing, or putting the powder of Cam­phire, or Sol Armoniacum, or white sugar-Candy in fine powder, according as I have before prescribed you. ✚ This is a most sove­raigne [Page 172] receit. Also if your Horse in his eye have gotten a stripe,

Take of fresh Butter wherein never came salt, the quantity of a Walnut, and put it into his eare on that side where the stripe is, and it will helpe him. Another:

Take Lentels or Gray-Pease, and champe or chew them in your mouth, and then whilst they be in your mouth, blow and breath into your Horses eye, but not any of the Pease by any meanes, doe this e­very day often, and a little after wash the sore eye with cold Foun­taine water till it be whole. ✚ But yet I will teach you another receit which will take off a Pin and Web, Filme, Thicknesse, or any other foulenesse which may be in the eye whatsoever, whereof I have had great experience, and have done many rare cures in this kinde, viz.

Take the shels of seven or eight egges, cleanse them from all man­ner of inward slime, and dry them well within, then lay those shels betweene two new Tyles, or old, so they be made very cleane and free from Morter, and then lay them in the glowing embers, and co­ver them all over, and on every side with burning hot embers, and so let them ly a good space, untill the moyst substance be quite taken from them, then take them up, and beat the shels to very fine pow­der, and searse the powder, then with a goose quill blow of this powder into your Horses eye, doe this twice every day, and it is a cer­taine cure. ✚ But if you doe finde the eye to be fed with any Rhu­maticke humour, or that it be inflamed, or that it hath go [...]ten a bruise, stripe, or the like, then

Take of the purest and whitest refined loafe sugar, one spoonfull and a halfe, let it be made into fine powder and searsed, or else of the best white sugar-Candy (which is much better) the like quantity, let it be finely powdred and searsed, and mixe with it so much May or sweet butter (wherein never came salt) as a Walnut, and adde also to it so much of the former powder of Egge shels, as of sugar-Can­dy, make these into one body, and bring it to a salve, and put thereof into the Horses eye, morning, evening, and noone, and this will make the eye to be cleare, sound, and whole againe. ✚ This unguent doth purge, cleanse, coole, and comfort the eye of the Horse, and helpeth greatly his sight; make use of this, for it is very good. But if the eyes be inflamed, which you may easily know by the red strakes which will be in them, then

Take Thuris Masculi, the marrow of a Lamb, Saffaron, Cuttle-bone, of each one ounce, of the oyle of Roses one ounce, and the whites of ten new laid egges, beat and incorporate all these very well together, and then with a feather put some of this medicine into his eyes once every day. ✚ This receit is very good, for I have had great triall thereof. Another:

Take of white Starch made of wheate, Frankincense, life-honey, of each as much as will suffice, make all these into one body, and with [Page 173] a feather apply it to the grieved eye. ✚ Another:

If the inflamation be great, let him bloud in both the temple veynes, and in the weeping veynes, and then wash his eyes with womans milke and life honey mingled together. ✚ Another for a wart or spungy excretion growing neere to to the eye of the Horse, which commonly doth proceed from a condensed flegme that descendeth to the eye, which in time will cause the eye either to consume, or to grow little, if it be not prevented, which must be done thus.

Take Roch Allum and burne it, Eye a W and then adde unto it so much white Coperas unburnt, grinde them together to very fine powder, then lay a little of this powder just upon the top of the wart, but take heed none get into the eye, for it is a strong corrasive, and will cor­rode; let the Wart be thus dressed once every day, and in short time it will consume and eate it quite away never to come more. ✚ But as touching Lunaticke eyes, Lunatic [...] eyes. this word Lunaticke is derived from the Latine word Luna, which signifieth the Moone, and the reason why this disease takes its denomination from thence, is, for that at certain times of the Moone he will see well, and at other times a little, but then at other times no whit at all; and therefore this disease is cal­led lunaticke, and this kinde of blindenesse we do hold to be the very worst of all other, but when he doth see, you may know it by the co­lour of his eyes, for then they will be dimme and yellowish, but when he seeth nothing; then will they looke fiery and red. This disease commeth sometimes naturally, taking it hereditary, either from the Stallion his Sire, or from the Mare his Damme, by whom he was begotten and foled: it commeth also sometimes by meanes of evill humours which descending from the head, make their residence in and about the eyes, and these naughty humours are occasioned by the meanes of intemperate riding, drawing, or other laborious exercise, in which the poore creature hath bin put to doe more then nature was well able to performe; wherefore by one of these wayes, this mala­dy commeth; the cure is thus.

Take Pitch, Rosin, and Masticke, of each like much, melt them to­gether, and having before hand provided in a readinesse two round plaisters of leather, the breadth of a 20 shilling piece of gold, lay and spread the medicine hot upon these two plaisters, and so hot as the Horse can suffer them, apply them to his temples, causing them to stick fast to the skinne, and let them there remaine, untill they shall fall off of themselves, then rowell him on the face just under his eyes with a very small French Rowell the bredth of a three pence at the most, and let it be turned every day once, the space of 12 or 15 dayes, then take forth the Rowell, and heale up the orifice with the greene oyntment prescribed you in lil. 2. cap. 10. § 4. G. and this will undoubtedly ve­ry much help his sight. ✚ Another:

Shave away the hayre the breadth of a shilling on either side of the head upon the temple veines, and after apply to the place this charge.

Take Taca-Mahaca, and lay it upon those places which were sha­ven, and clap upon them flocks of the same colour, then make incisi­on and put in two French Rowels, as is shewed in the cure going be­fore, to bring downe the peccant humours, and let the eyes be washed twice every day with the medicine before taught you, made of ground Ivy, Honey, Selendine, and womans milke. X This is very good for this disease, and this I can boldly commend unto you to be a very good medicine, for I have often used. Now as touching sore eyes which must be cured by medicine, you must understand that the eye is the most delicate part of any one member in all the whole body, it is the Torch or Candle which doth give light to the whole body, it is the guide which doth usher the body, and to carry it from danger, so as it shall not at any time either stumble upon rockes, or blockes, or fall into any precipice; wherefore great regard ought to be had, how you doe at any time tamper or meddle with this so choyce a member, lest in stead of endeavouring to cure one sore eye, you put out both, a thing often seene and knowne, and therefore the medicines which you apply to the eyes ought evermore to be new made, yea in a man­ner every day, for that when once they begin to grow stale, they be­come sharp and asper, perplexing the poore beast, much more then otherwise, neither are they so wholesome, nor so powerfull where­by to performe their office for which they were made and compoun­ded. If you have a Horse which is but weake of sight, the [...]esse bloud you take from him, the better it will be for the continuance of his sight, for by taking much bloud from a Horse weakely sighted, will on a sudden cause him to become stone blinde, like as by experience I have often knowne and observed. But now to conclude this Para­graph, because I have not yet handled one part appertaining to a sore eye, viz. for an eye which by an unlucky stroke or stripe is broken and beaten out of the head of the Horse. I will give you one onely receit, which can never be parallelled: to wit,

Eye broken.Take Allum, and first burne it in a fire-pan, and after when it is burned so, ☞ put it upon the hot coales, and let it burne there till all the moysture be quite consumed, that it becommeth as light as a feather, and as white as snow, and so brittle as that it will breake with every touch, unlesse it be very carefully handled, when it is so brittle as that it will runne to ashes with every small pressure, and that the tast of Allum remaineth little in the said Allum, then is it sufficiently bur­ned, then take of this powder as much as will suffice, and mixe it with life-honey, and stirre them well together, as that you do bring it to an unguent; put of this every day morning and evening into his eye with a feather, and so hold your hand upon the eye a pretty while, that the medicine cannot suddenly get forth, and by thus doing, in few dayes it will be throughly cured, though the eye be utterly lost.

§ 6. E.

VVHat is good to take away a bony excretion, or a fleshy?

This malady of a bony excretion commeth most commonly by the meanes of causticks and burning corrosives, which be laid to wounds that are neere to the bone, as when the wound is either in the legge, or about the pasterne, for that the flesh being extreamely bur­ned and mortified by such causticks and corrosives, it doth cause an ex­cretion to grow upon the bone, which through the unskilfulnesse of the Ferrier, the wound is healed up, but the excretion doth remaine still upon the bone, which becommeth an eye-sore, unlesse it be after­wards taken off, which occasioneth a new cure, and over and above it enforceth oft times the Horse to hault: sometimes againe an excreti­on commeth by the Horse being galled with a locke or fetters, having beene long continued upon the same foot, without changing or re­moving in time convenient. But howsoever it commeth, the cure is,

Take Elecampane root newly gathered, and cleanse it from its earth, Excreti [...] and wrap it up in a brown paper, then wet the paper, and so heale it in the hot embers, and so roft it as you would doe a Warden, when it is throughly well rosted, that it be like to pap, so hot as your Horse can suffer it, (for it must not scald him) after you have with a sticke, (like as you doe a splent) rubbed, knocked, and chafed the excretion, binde this rosted root close unto the place, and so let it remaine on 24 houres before you doe remove it, and in two or three times thus dressing it, the excretion will rot and consume to nothing, and this will also take away a splent. ✚ This is very good. Another:

Take the oyle of Origanum, and every morning and evening, or oftner, take a little upon the brawne of your thumb, and rubbe the place, and it will therewith in time consume, and quite take it away. ✚ And this will also take away a splent.

§. 7. E.

VVHat will cure an Impostume in the eares of a horse?

This disease proceeds from sundry causes, as by means of some blow with some staffe or other such like thing, which he receiveth about the eares, or poll, or else by meanes of some hurt he may get, by being wrung or galled with a new or hard hempen halter, specially if a knot be neer or upon the place; sometimes it comes also of a cold taken in the head, and sometimes againe by meanes of bad and peccant humours, which residing in the head, doe make its passage by the eares; it is easily known by its much burning, glowing, and swelling, and by the Horses unwillingnesse to be touched and handled about that place; if it be an impostumation, then thus it must be cured.

Take Linseed and make it into fine powder, and Wheate-flower, of each halfe a pint, Eares im­postumated. ordinary honey one pint, tryed— Hogs-grease one pound, mixe all these well, and warme them upon a fire, keeping them continually stirring: then take of this oyntment and spread it upon a linnen cloath, or upon a plaister of leather, the breadth of the swelling only, and apply it warme to the place, and renew it once every foure and twenty houres, till it eyther do breake or be so ripe, as that it may be opened; which must be so done downewards, that the corruption may easily issue away, then heale it up with this salve.

Take Mel-Rosatum, Sallet-oyle, and ordinary Turpentine of each two ounces, incorporate them well together, and make for the Horse a biggen, or night-cap to keepe on the medicine, taint the sore to the bottome dipped in this oyntment, and apply also a plaister of the said stuffe upon the sore, renewing it every day till it be whole and sound. ✚. But if the Impostumation be broken of its own accord before you do perceave it, then

Take oyle of Roses, Venice Turpentine, and common Honey of each like much, mixe them well together, and so making it bloud warme upon a few embers or coales, dip some black wooll in the medicine, & so stop up that Eare therewith, which is grieved, renew­ing it once a day till it be whole. ✚. But if the Eares be only infla­med, then stop of this foresaid medicine into them, and it will both ease him and take away the inflamation, ✚. Another.

Take of pepper made into fine powder dist. tryed Hogges-greasse one spoonefull, the Iuyce of Rue one handfull, the strongest white Wine Vinegar two spoonefull, beate all these very well toge­ther, and if the swelling, Impostumation, or Inflamation, be eyther in the Eares, Face, Head or Throte of the Horse, if you take eyther black-wooll, fine lint, Flax, or Hurds, and dip it into this medicine, and so stop both his Eares therewith, and then stitch them up, that it get not forth, renewing it once in two dayes, till the swelling bee cleane gone, your Harse will be certainely cured ✚. But if the griefe be in any other part of the Body, then with this Vnguent, you shall anoint the grieved or swolne place, once or twice a day, till it de­part. ✚. But if the swelling be neere or about the Cods, or privy parts, then

First Bathe the place well with cold water, and after being made dry againe with a cloath, anoynt it with the said oyntment, every day once or twice, and you shall find it to be a present cure ✚. This also cureth the Vlcer and Canker in the Nose, and it is a sure Cure for the Vives ✚. I have often cured all these maladies with this Re­ceipt.

§. 1. F.

WHat cure have you for the Farcin?

Of all the diseases whereunto Horses are inclinable, this of the Farcin is the most loath­some, the most stinking, and the most filthy, wherefore for the same I shall set you downe many cures, but first I intend to discourse some­what of it's Nature, and how it comes to a Horse; This disease we here in England do for the most part call the Farcy, and (Secundum Vulgus) it is called the Fashions, for so Master Mark­ham doth stile it; But Master Blundevile, the Italians, and the French do give it the name of Farcin, to which denomination I doe the ra­ther incline, by reason we take the said name from the Italians and the French, for that truely I do find that to be the proper name of the said Infirmity, derived from the word Farcina, which is a disease most infectious, poysnous, and dangerous, being never so little let a­lone, or neglected: It is a kind of creeping Vlcer beginning with hard knots, and Pustils, and after dilating and spreading it selfe into bran­ches (like to a Vine or Ivy) doth not cease from running, untill such time as it hath visited every part and member of the Body, for Quasi Cancer serpit, it commonly beginning either in a veine, or neere to some Master veine, which feedeth and nourisheth the disease, that is the cause of it's diffusion. It is ingendred sometimes of corrupt bloud, which heats and surfets have occasioned in the Body, sometimes by hurts and wounds received, as also by some Cankerous & poysnous thing, as rusty spurres, snaffles, bits, or the like, it is also taken from another horse, which is faln into the same disease, also by hewing one legge against another, and being smitten with some staffe, whereon are hard knots, and sundry such like meanes and wayes; it comes al­so to a Horse by surfets given him, which finding no other way of a­voidance, lais hold of this disease, wherby the bloud, being over much heat, his grease molten, and his taking a suddaine cold, which is most frequent after great heates, then growing in the body, and especially in the bloud, such obstructions, corruption, and putrefaction, not ha­ving any meanes to vent it selfe, or to voyde, or evacuate, but by this way only, by growing into knots, Pustils, Vlcers, or the like, which be so contagious and infectious, so as if but any other horse, doe but gnaw or lick with his teeth or tongue, upon the place infected, hee [Page 178] will be assuredly within a short time after himselfe infected also, and when once a horse is strucken or infected with this leprous malady, if he be not presently and skilfully cured, it is as infallible death to him, as if he had eyther his throate cut, or his braines beaten out, with a Butchers Axe; Farcin, wherefore if in this case, your horse be visited with this sinistrous disease, I could wish you would carefully observe two 1 things: the first is, that so soone as you doe perceive this Malady to appeare upon him, that you presently sequester him from his fel­lowes, into some other Stable or stall by himselfe alone, for feare he 2 might infect them, for that it is catching; And secondly, to be very diligent in omitting no time or opportunity, in getting him admi­nistr [...]d unto for his Cure: The signes of this disease are so plaine and familiar, as that it needeth no description. I will passe to the cure. To the end therfore you may go the more securely to work, wherby you may make it an able and perfect cure, especially if you do finde the Pustils to be malevolent, and greatly inflamed, then the first day let him bloud in or neere to that Master veine, which doth most feed and nourish the Farcin, then so soone as you have well bloudied him, give him this purge, viz.

Take of Aloes, made into fine power one ounce, and a quantity of London Triacle so much as will suffice, and of life hony so much as will suffice, mixe these well together, and give it him in a morning fasting, and six houres after, give him white water, neyther needeth this bloudying him, or Purgation, any way hinder him from being dressed for his disease, for that bloud-letting doth but only hinder it from running any farther for that time, and the Purge sendeth the disease from the heart, to the end it may no way annoy that place, wherefore for the perfecting of the cure.

Take of oyle de-Bay two ounces of Euforbium made into fine powder one ounce, incorporate both these so well together, that they may become but one body, then fearch for the first origin, or spring, where the first knots did begin, and so continue searching till you find out the last, clip away the hayre from off, and about all these knots, and annoynt them very well with this oyntment once every three dayes; and after you have thus dressed him three times, if you do not find the Farcins to be killed, and that the knots do not dry up, then bathe the places three dayes together with the stale or vrine of a Cowe, or Oxe, and with the hearbe called Lions foote, in latine, Leontipodium, both boyled together, and this will cure him. ✚. This medicine I never made use of but once only, and it cured the horse un­to which I did administer the same. ✚. Another.

Take nine leaves of the pot herbe called Beetes, of the smallest but soundest leaves, and nine grains of Bay-salt, beat these very well together to salve, and in a morning before Sun-rising, put this me­dicine into both his Eares by equall portions, and put into them af­ter it, a little wooll, to keepe in the medicine, and so stitch up his [Page 179] eares, and let him stand so with meate and white water 24 houres at the least, then take forth the wooll and stuffe, and he is cured. ✚ With this receit I have cured sundry horses. Another. If your Horse have a farcin in any of the foure quarters of his body, let him bleed well in the necke veyne fasting, then

Take of Arsenick two ounces, and put it into a piece of new cloth, and binde it up with a piece of new Pack-threed, and fasten it unto the mayne of the Horse, this is to be thus administred, if the farcin be onely in the foreparts, but if the disease be as well in the hinder-parts, as in the fore-parts, then hang also the like quantity of Ars­nick, made up in a cloth like as was the former, and hang that also upon his tayle, and the more you ride, work, or travell, and exercise him, the better it will be for his disease, to qualifie and rid the same, and the more spare his dyet be, the sooner is he cured, provided you keep him warm in the stable, and for some time you must give him white water. This cure I did never try, but it was taught me by a great Marishall of Paris, one who had the repute of a very honest man, and a most skilfull Ferrier, who protested unto me that he had per­fectly cured many Horses with this receit. Another:

Take white Bran prepared, like as you shall finde prescribed you, lib. 2. cap. 2. § 4. F. how to make fat a Horse, and give it him a day be­fore he is to be dressed, and let him eate it so hot as well he may: con­tinue him to this dyet three mornings together, then let him bleede well in the necke-veyne, but give him no Hay that day he bleedeth, but sweet wheat straw onely, neither let him either eate or drink in four houres after, and then let his drink be white water. And two dayes after his bleeding, you shall begin to give him again his wheat bran prepared as before, which shall continue for sixe dayes together, du­ring which time you shall give him every evening with his Oats, this powder and these roots following, viz.

Take of Comin, of Linseed, of Fenugrick, Sileris. Montani, of each two ounces, quick Brimstone, foure ounces, let all these be powdred, and mixe them well, and give it at one time with his Oates, so much as you may put into an egge shell, the meat being first taken out; let him be thus used daily, by the space of sixe dayes. Those dayes be­ing ended,

Take the root of Salerick, the root of Tassus-Barbatus, the root of Valerion, and the root of Lappaizon, of each like much, chop them all very small, as hearbs to the pot, which being thus well mixed, give them to the Horse without Oates if he will eate them, if not, then otherwise in Pils; and when you give him the roots, do not give him the aforesaid powder, and so continue him with these roots sixe dayes together, which sixe dayes ended, cause him to be bloudied a­gaine on the other side of the necke, but then let him not bleed so much as before, and order him as before after the first bleeding: nor shall you give him either powder or roots, but let him be still kept warm, [Page 180] and have his ordinary allowance of meate, as well of Hay as of Oats, and then for sixe dayes after, every evening after he hath drunke white water, give him one evening of this powder with his Oates, and the next evening of these rootes, and if you finde not the Farcin to dry up to your minde, continue then this powder and these roots for sixe dayes more, and those dayes being past, give him good Hay and good Oates, and not any longer the powder, or the rootes: and thus following these directions punctually, your Horse shall be per­fectly cured, and be brought into good state and health again, neither shall the relicks of the farcin remaine in any part of his body, and if there be any knots remaining, they shall breake, purge, cleanse, heale, and dry up, the maine cause being taken and purged away. Of this my selfe had never tryall by reason that many of the ingredients were not easily to be had. Another:

Take blacke Elebore, and adde to the hearb some of its juyce, put unto it old Boares-grease, and boyle it untill the juyce be quite boy­led into it, whereby to bring it to a perfect unguent, with which you shall annoynt and rub the knots, or buttons of the farcin, but before you doe apply this unguent, let the hayre be shaven or clipped away from and about the knots. ✚ With this receit I have cured onely one Horse. Another:

Take five or sixe handfuls of four-leaved Plantane, with the roots, of Bay salt one handfull, and so much Comin as you may well take up, with your thumb and two fingers, beate the Comin to fine pow­der, and then stamp the Plantane and Salt well together with the Comin, and after they be well incorporate, let it steepe and infuse 24 hou [...]es, then straine and wring it hard, and give the liquor thereof to your Horse in a morning fasting, but you must take bloud from him the day before, and he must stand upon the Trench sixe hours before you give him the said drinke, and you must also put into his eares the juyce of Rue, and then stitch up his eares, and so let them remaine 24 hours, but if the malady shall continue (which I think it will not doe) then must you let him bloud againe, and give him the aforesaid drink. This I never tryed, but he that taught me this, did assure me that there is no kinde of farcin, but this receit will cure. Another:

Moly or Aqua-Plantique.Take first the hearb Moly, it groweth in marish grounds, you must take 10.11.12. or 13. of the roots, (or according to the strength, greatnesse or corpulency of your Horse) let your roots be in number or quantity. Take also of white Wine one pinte, then take of bay Salt one handfull (which was never used) and put it into the white Wine, then take of white Wine Vineger halfe a pinte more or lesse, but first note, you must take the roots of the said Moly, and let it be gathered a day before you are to use it; you must onely take the roots thereof, (and cast away the residue) for that they are most usefull, and after you have so done, take these great roots, and wash them cleane, so as no filth do remain upon thē, then take the said roots and bruise them, [Page 181] and steep them in the Wine with the Salt & Vineger, in an earthen Pip­kin, and stop it close, that no ayre get into it, and let it infuse so a whole night, then about 7 or 8 of the clock in the morning, strain it. and give it him to drink, and after he hath taken it, cover him up warme, and let him be walked four hours: but above all things▪ you must not give him any Oats in four dayes after, but in stead of Oats, give him wheate bran prepared, and let his drink be white water, nei­ther must you suffer him to goe forth of the stable in three or foure dayes after at the soonest; and then after that, you may ride or work him at your pleasure; neither must this drinke be administred warm, but cold. ✚ This is a known certain cure among the Marishals in France, but by reason I could never finde the hearb Moly growing in England, I could never come to practise the cure here, neverthelesse I will give you the description of this said hearb Moly, and how it groweth, together with its true effigies: It groweth (as I said before)

in marish and wet grounds, it resembleth the hearb called Scolopendion, [Page 182] or Sorrell, onely the leafe is bigger and broader, the flower is like to the white Violet, but lesse, about the bignesse of a purple wild Violet, and it is as white as milk, it smelleth strong like Garlicke; its root is little and round, which is most soveraigne to heale the over­tures of the matrix, being beaten with the oyntment of Ireos, apply­ed as a Pessure or Plaister: Homer saith that the god Mercury was the first inventor or finder out of this plant, and the gods for the excellen­cy thereof, named it Moly: see Theophrastus, Paracelsus, and Diosco­rides.

Albeit that all these receits be very good for the farcin, yet are not all Horses cured with one and the same medicine; and most certain it is, that the most infallible way to cure the farcin, is to give him the fire: in the practise not onely of this cure, but of many others also, which are to be administred inwardly, it is greatly behoofefull that the Ferrier be mindfull to observe the strength, age, quality, and a­bility of the Horse, to which he is to administer, and accordingly to mixe and apply his ingredients. Another:

First let him bloud on both sides the necke and spurre-veynes, and let him bleed a good quantity, then take Hemlocke, Cinque-foyle, or five leaved grasse, and Rue, of each like much, stamp them and strain them, and put the juyce thereof into his eares, and then stitch them up 24 houres, and it is a certain cure. ✚ For with this I have cured sundry Horses. Another:

First let him bleed well at the necke veyne, then take Trifora-Magna, and Aloes Platice, of each two ounces, and as much Barly bran, mixe all these, and dissolve it in oyle-olive one pinte, and put thereto of white wine one pinte, and then divide it into two parts or moyities, and so give it two mornings together to your Horse fasting with a Horne, that is to say, either morning the one moyity: this done, take as much black sope as a Walnut, halfe as much Arsnick in fine pow­der, and work them into one body to a salve, then with the poynt of a knife slit or open all the hard knots or pustils, and so put into every of them the quantity of two Barly cornes of this salve, which will eate forth the cores, and kill the poysonous humours, then where you see the wounds, and places red and faire, heale them up by annoyn­ting them with fresh Butter molten and made hot, and then strew up­on them the powder of Bolearmonack. ✚ This is a most appro­ved good receit, and by my selfe often practised. Another:

Take the juyce of Rue, and of Aqua-vitae, of each one spoonfull and a halfe, beat them well together, and by equall portions convey it into both his eares, then stitch them up for 24 houres space, and he is infallibly cured. ✚ This is an excellent cure, and by me often used. Another:

First wash all the places that be raw or swelled, with Chamberly, or white Wine Vineger warmed, take then of Salt one handfull, of white Wine Vineger one pottle, of Allum dissolved in the Vineger, [Page 183] one ounce, of Verde-grease and greene Copperas, both made into fine powder, of each one pound, melt all these upon the fire, and e­very day wash the sores, and places swelled therewith warme, twice a day, morning and evening. This I never did experience, but it was commended unto me by a worthy Knight, who averred unto me, that he had cured therewith very many horses, of the Farcin. Hee also saide that hee hath cured some with this receipt follow­ing, viz.

Take Tarre, Tallow, and Horse-dunge of each so much as will suffice, incorporate all these upon the fire, and annoynt him therwith hot. Another.

Take Hempeseed one pound, and bruise it well, then take Rue, and salt, of each one handfull, of the leaves of Mallowes two hand­fuls, boyle all these in faire water two quarts, unto a moyety, then straine it, and give it your horse bloud warme, give him of this two mornings, but not two mornings together, but let him stay one morning betwixt, then take a good quantity of Chamberly and Hem-lock so much as will suffice, and boyle them well, and wash the sores till they be quite whole, and dryed up. ✚. This is a very good receipt. Another.

Take the hearb with the root called Digitalis, in English sope-glove, alias Fox-glove, a good quantity, binde it up into a fine linnen ragge, and if the Farcin be in the forepart, of the horse, hang it upon the maine, but if in the hinder part, then hang it upon the taile, and this will cure him. This I never did experience; But now I will give you for a close the best and most certaine cure for this disease, that I ever yet knew: and with which I have perfected more rare cures of this nature, then of all the residue before inculcated. And thus it is. Another.

Take of Rue, the leaves and tender tops only, without any the least stalkes, a good handfull, first chop them small, and then stampe them in a Morter to a very oyntment, when they are so well pown­ded, put thereunto of the purest white tryed Hogs-grease one spoon­full, and so worke them together to a perfit salve, or unguent, that done, stop into eyther Eare this whole quantity by equall portions, and put a little wooll upon the Medicine, to cause it to keep in the better, and so stitch up his Eares, and let him remaine in the Stable so foure and twenty houres at the least, and then unstitch his Eares, and take forth the wool, and eyther put him forth to grasse, or else if he be to be wrought, work him, for the more his labour is, and the more spare his diet is, the sooner he is cured. ✚. This I commned to you for the best and most certaine cure, that I could ever meete with, for with this receipt only I assure you on my credit, I have cu­red more then 100. horses, many of which were by other Ferriers, holden for incurable, & sentenced to be food for Hounds. The French do also call the disease, Mal de ver.

§. 2. F.

I Have heard of another kinde of Farcin, called the water-Farcin?

Truely Sir, in answere to this, I by observation of this disease do find, that there is but onely one kind, albeit I will not de­ny, Wet Farcin. but that some one may be more malignant then another, accor­ding to the constitution of the Horse, who is visited therewith, by rea­son that choler may be in that horse, more predominant then in an o­ther horse, of any of the other humours, for then it commeth forth more dry, but if the horse be naturally Rheumatick, then may it ap­peare more watry and moyst, and so of the residue, but still it is but one, and the same infirmity, for more sorts I could never find. But touching this watry Farcin, as you are pleased to terme the same, the French giveth this name, viz. la Louppe, which is in English the Woulfe, and they gave me the reason why they do so call it, to wit; because it festreth the flesh, eating and corroding therein inwardly, and it beginneth most commonly in the feet, rather then in any other member of the horse. And for this disease a famous French Marishall of Paris gave me this ensuing cure, but I never yet made tryall there­of, viz.

First wash the place, and shave away the hayre, and search the place well with your finger, and let forth the corruption, but be sure you search it to the very bottome.

Take then Horse-dung, or Goose-dung, Wine, Salt, and Vinegar of each so much as will suffice, and make thereof a salve, and so Playster-wise apply it to the sorance, binding it on, and the third day open it, and dresse it up againe as before, and do this every third day till it bee whole, but bee sure you doe every time you dresse him, examine the very bottome. This he assured me to bee a very perfect Cute.

§. 3. F.

VVHat is that disease is called the Flankes, and how is it cured?

This is when a horse hath gotten a wrinch, crick, stroke or other grief in his backe, which is called of the French Ferriers Flankes, the cure is this.

Flankes.First shave away the hayre from the place grieved, then lay on this charge.

Take Bol-Armonack, Cumfry, alias Consolida-Major, Galbanum, Sol-Armoniack, Sanguis Draconis, his owne bloud, Burgundy Pitch, Mastick, Olibanum, of each like much, so much as will suffice, stampe and beat all these together, with Wheate meale, Vinegar, and the [Page 185] whites of Egges so much as will suffice, and so make it into a charge, and therewith charge the place grieved, then clap upon the top, all along the Chine, and Backe of the Horse, a sheeps-skin, comming hot from the sheep, and change it every day, and at three or foure dayes end hee will bee well, but let the charge lye upon the place, untill such time, as it doe fall away of it selfe, and keepe him warme.

§. 4. F.

HOw may a man bring in few dayes his Horse to be fat, or at least in good liking supposing him to be sound?

Sir over much riding and exercise, will bring the fattest Horse that ever trode upon the Earth, to become poore, bare, and leane, and so will too early, and too late ayerings, bad dyet, evill keeping, lingring after Mares, and spending upon them, lingring af­ter grasse, and the like: But if your horse be poore, bare, leane, Fat horse. and feeble, so that his stomack be good to meate, I will give you a Receit, which (if you doe duly observe my rules, justly as I shall deliver them) you shall get him up into flesh in twelve or foureteene dayes.

First therefore take bloud from him, if you do find it grosse, or Fl [...]gmatick, for otherwise he cannot possibly mend, then insteade of Oates in the morning, you shall give him Wheate branne, Bran pre­pared. prepared after this manner. Set over the fire a cleane Kettle, and fill it almost full with faire water, and so soone as it boyleth put in your Wheate branne, and so let it boyle a quarter of an houre at the least, then take it off, and let it stand to coole, and about foure or five in the morning, give him of this branne so hot as he can eate it, then for his drinke give him of the same water, and at night give him Oates and white water, and let him be kept covered and littered warme: but if it bee Summer, let not the Stable be too hot, but temperate, and at night give him with his Oates also the quantity of what you may co [...]vey into an Egge-shell of this powder following; with which you must continue him the space of eight dayes, or according as you shall see cause. You must understand that this branne thus prepared, is the only thing which dryeth up his naughty, grosse, and corrupt humours, and doth the better prepare the body to assume lust, cou­rage, strength, and flesh, together with the helpe of the powder, which is this.

Take of Commin, Fenugrick, Sileris-Montani, Nutmegs, Cloves, Ginger, Linseed, of each two ounce, Quick-Brimstone six ounce, Fat a lean [...] horse. make all these into powder, of this powder give him every night, the quan­tity of an Eg-shell full, with his Oates, as I have before prescribed, but he must first be watred, with white water, which so soone as hee hath drunke, let his whole body be rubbed, then cloathed, & littered, [Page 186] which being done, then give him a small sheafe of wheat straw, sweet, good, and well threshed into his Racke, and let him eate thereof by the space of an houre, which done, give him Oates mixed with his powder, which when he hath eaten, give him Hay at your pleasure, remembring to keep him warm, but so as with moderation; and let him be also well rubbed, especially against the hayre, and by this do­ing in short time you shall perceive him to mend exceedingly, but you must put also into his Oates together with its former powder, of Nettle-seed two handfuls every time, for that is the thing which principally will cause him to battle: It will also greatly availe to his amendment, if he be ayered every morning and evening an houre af­ter sunne rising, and an houre before sunne set, if the weather be warme, and the sunne doe shine. ✚ And this I doe assure you is the most exquisite course can be taken, whereby to s [...]t up a leane Horse, and to make a poor Horse fat in little time, and with small charge.

§. 5. F.

VVHat helpe have you for the falling of the Fundament?

This malady commeth to a Horse some­times by cold, sometimes through weakenesse and meere poverty, and sometimes by meanes of a laxativenesse and fluxe of bloud, when straining to expell, the Horse is not able, and by that meanes the fun­dament commeth out, the cure is,

Falling of the funda­ment.Take white-Salt made into very fine powder, strew a little upon the gut, then take a piece of Lard, and first having boyled Mallow-leaves till they be soft, take of these leaves and beat them well with the Lard, and when it is sufficiently beaten, make it up like to a sup­pository, and apply it to the place every day once, till it be whole. ✚ This I have often tryed,

§. 6. F.

I Should be very glad to know what you can say of Feavers?

Sir, as touching feavers in Horses, I say that they be as subject to them, as man is, as also that these feavers are of severall natures, which cannot be denied, which may most easily be distinguished and knowne, if you please diligently to observe. A fea­ver commeth many times, either by intemperate riding or travell, or else through bad and unwholesome dyet: and all feavers for the most part have their sourse from these effects, if you adde thereunto evill ayre.

§. 7. F.

VVHy Hipposerus, how doe you define a Feaver?

I define it thus. [...] A Feaver is an unnatu­rall and intemperate heat which beginneth at the heart, dilateth it self through all the arteries and veynes of the whole body of the Horse, hindring all his naturall motions: howsoever some Ferriers are plea­sed to make of them more sorts, then I will question their physicall and learned distinctions, for I could never conclude them but in a few, as quotidian, tertian, quartan, and pestilent, and yet all these be of one nature, albeit some more malignant then others be, onely a Hectique feaver is of a different nature from the former, and so also a pestilent feaver may be. Now as touching feavers which come in the Spring, Summer, Autumne, or Winter, I cannot see why they should be feavers different in nature from these other, for there are not any of these, but may come to a Horse in any of these seasons.

§. 8. F.

FRom whence doe Feavers proceed then?

First Sir you must understand that Feavers are of two sorts, that is to say, Ordinary and Accidentall, the ordina­ry feavers are those that come of surfets, over-riding, and labour, un­wholesome meat, as moyst, raw, mouldy, and musty bread, corne, provender and hay, of what nature, sort, or condition soever; but your feavers Accidentall come of some ter [...]ible stroke or deep wound, bringing therewith insufferable paine, dolour, and griefe to the poor beast, again, your ordinary Feavers come oft times by the extreame violent scorching of the Sunne, but most commonly in the canicular dayes, as when your Horse is abroad at grasse, where is either want of water, or having such as is neither good or wholesome, or else where is want of housing, shelter to goe into, or shady trees to be under, and such kinde of Agues doe prove for the most part either Hectike, or Pe­stilent feavers, for by that meanes his bloud becommeth inflamed, whereby the humour of choller is predominate. Now Sir, if you be pleased to observe strictly and carefully, you shall also finde that feavers doe come many times also from a quite contrary cause; as from cold taken upon hard riding, or great labour, and by having at such times cold water given him to drink, or by washing, or walk­ing having sweat much, or by being out too late in the gripse or shut­ting in of the evening, or upon day breaking, especially neere or a­mong fenny, moorish, or marish grounds, by reason that naughty vapours do arise from such kinde of places: Feavers also do accrew to Horses when upon hard riding, and great toyle, you give your Horse cold water drawn out of a Well, which being much colder [Page 188] then either River, or Pond water, doth more chill the Horse inward­ly, whereby he is much more distempered, causing him to quake, and to shake exceedingly after his drinke, which occasioneth crudities, and an evill habit in the stomacke, which doth beget and ingender an ague or feaver, wherefore after sweating and great labour, I doe ad­vise you that whatsoever is given him, be first set over the fire to take away the chilnesse, whereby your Horse may take the lesse damage, for that feavers taken of this nature, doe commonly prove pestilent feavers, whose nature is to infect all his fellowes which are in the same stable or roome with him, if he be not either speedily removed from his consorts, or else suddenly cured; and the reason hereof is most evident, for that when as a Horse hath been al the whole day tra­velled (especially in the winter) and brought into the stable all hot and sweating, when in short time after his bloud and pores begin to be setled, and to return to his heart again, and to his intrals, then if you give him cold water, you may instantly perceive him to fall into a formall quivering and shaking for a time, which being once passed over, you shall see him most palpably assume a most extreame and violent burning, and peradventure after fals into a most desperate sweating, whereby is most easie to be found in him a generall distem­perature throughout his whole body, together with a formall and dangerous feaver, wherefore if the Ferrier be not the more expert, it may stick closer unto him, and remain longer by him then a bushell of Oats will do. But a feaver which doth proceed elther from the cor­ruption of the bloud, or from the contagion of the ayre, (according as I have before intimated) that I say is most frequent, albeit not so well known to all Ferriers, and I am able to affirme thus much of these kinde of feavers out of mine own long experience, that they are of that extreame violence, and so malignant, and their poyson of that infinite force, as that if through their own violence, they be not able of themselves to bring the creature visited therewith to his end, yet will these convert their malice into other mortall maladies and dis­eases, which will in time prove as noxious, to wit, into the Yel­lowes, Stavers, Glanders, Dropsie, Consumption, Farcin, &c. un­to which a pestilent feaver is evermore the precursor: insomuch as if the Ferrier be not very skilfull and cautelous in observing and know­ing the true symptomes of these kinde of diseases, he may easily in stead of labouring to effect a Cure, through his misprision, miscar­ry therein.

§. 9. F.

VVHat be the true symptomes or signes whereby to know a Feaver?

If you doe observe him well, Feave [...] to kno [...] you shall perceive him so soon as he beginneth to be feaverish, and when the fit first commeth upon him to hang or hold down his head, and if at first comming, it beginneth with a cold fit, then will he quake and tremble, and when his cold fit is over, then will he glow and burn throughout his whole body, his breath will be very hot, and he will fetch his winde thicke, and his nostrils will be very open, and his flankes will beat thick, he will forsake his meat, and reele oft times as he goeth, his eyes will be swelled, they will water and be matterative, he will fall away and consume in his flesh, his stones will hang low, he will desire and offer oft to lye down, and yet being laid he will rise suddenly againe, he will have great desire to drinke, neither will he drink much, and yet you would thinke that all the water in the Thames would not be suf­ficient to quench his thirst, for he will covet evermore to keep his mouth in the water, albeit he will drinke very little, and his sleepe will goe from him. And these are the best, most certaine, and appa­rant symptomes that I doe know of a Feaver.

§ 10. F.

VVHat are the best cures for these ordinary Feavers?

If the feaver be quotidian and daily, Feaver Ordinar [...] then

Take the yolkes of three new laid egges, and beat them well with seven spoonfuls of the best Aqua vitae, and put unto it of ordinary Treacle, a spoonfull, and so making it bloud warme over a few hot embers, give it him, and then take his backe and ride him, untill hee doe begin to sweat, and then bring him into the stable, and cloath, wispe, and litter him warme, so as he may sweat an houre in the sta­ble, but then coole him by degrees, and let him fast three houres af­ter, but let him bloud before you drench him, in the necke and mouth, and give him white water or Mashes. This drinke would be given him one houre before the fit commeth. ✚ This is very good. Another:

Take white Wine one pinte, of Aloes one ounce, made into fine powder, of Agaricke halfe an ounce, Anniseeds and Licoris, of each one dram in fine powder, and adde thereto of life-honey one spoon­full, let all these be made warme upon the fire, and so give him bloud warme: then take his back, and ride him into a good sweat, and set him up, cloath him, litte [...] him, and stop well his body, head, and breast, and let him sweat so two houres, then by degrees coole him, and when he is cold, let him be well rubbed and cloathed up againe [Page 190] warme, but not to sweate any more, and let him stand upon the Trench three houres after his sweating, then unbit him, and wash his tongue and mouth, with Alume, Vineger, Sage, and water boyled to­gather, that done give him a little Wheate straw to eate, and an houre after a gallon of sweet, dry, and cleane Oats, well dressed and sifted, but lay not all at once before him, but three or foure hand­fuls at a time continuing thus to feed him, till hee hath eaten up his whole gallon, and at night, give him a sweet Mash. And the next morning let him bleed at the neck & mouth, the quantity of a quart or l [...]sse if the bloud bee good, but if you doe find the bloud to be blacke, thick, hot, inflamed, yellowish, frothy, or otherwise evill coloured, take then from him two quarts, after keepe him warme, and let him purge, and for foure or five dayes after, give him eyther warme mashes, or white water. ✚. This I have also knowne to bee very good. Another.

First let him Bloud in the Neck and Mouth, then.

Take Germander, Sallet-oyle, and life-Honey of each foure ounces, of Gumme, Draganet, dry red-Roses of each one ounce, put these pounded and chopped very small into good Ale a quart, and warme it, and so give it him, then ride him till he sweate, and order him as in the former cure. Of this I did never make tryall. Ano­ther.

Take of the tops of Time one handfull, boyle these in a quart of Beere, untill the Time do begin to waxe tender, and soft, then strain it, and put to it, of browne Sugar-Candy, in powder two penny-worth, Anniseeds in fine powder one penny-worth, and two penny-worth of ordinary Triacle, when all these are well dissolved over the fire, give it your horse bloud warme, but you must remember, that you doe let him bloud, before you doe give him this drinke, in the Neck and Mouth. ✚. This I have often tryed and found it right good. Another.

[...]ake of strong Ale one quart, and of Wormewood halfe a hand­full, long-Pepper, Graynes, and the powder of dryed Rue of each one ounce, London Triacle two ounces, boyle them to a third part, then take it off, and strayne it, that done, put into it of browne-sugar-Candy in powder halfe an ounce, and so give it him bloud warme. ✚. This at twice giving will certainely cure his Feaver. Ano­ther.

Take Stone-Crop, of the iuice thereof foure Spoonefull, put this iuice into strong-Ale one quart, and so give it your horse, then let him be walked, (if the winde be not too cold and sharpe) an houre, then set him up and cover him so as he may sweate an houre, then coole him by degrees, and let him drinke no cold water by any meanes, & let his provender bee good, old, dry, and well sifted Oates, but a­gainst the fit commeth (whether the Feaver be Quotidian, Tertian, or Quartan) let him be kept fasting, for the longer hee is fasting, and [Page 191] more empty upon his sick dayes, the sooner will his Feaver leave him. ✚. This is a well approved receipt, and let this suffice for ordinary Feavers, provided that when his fits be gone from him, and that he appeareth more lightsome, and well, it will be very good and wholesome for him if you cause him to bee had abroad, and walked warme covered, and so ayred in due time, in the warme Sun, and that will greatly comfort him, and revive his spirits.

§. 11. F.

VVHat say you now to the Feaver Hectique?

I say Sir, it is a most dangerous and mortall Feaver, and so malignant, as that if a skilfull Ferrier bee not with him in time, it is certaine death, and first it beginneth with a Consumption in the flesh; it proceedeth of a hot humour ingendred first in the stomacke, which too much Physicke hath occasioned, and by taking away of too much bloud from him, in his youth without neces­sity, wherefore it is a thing most perillous to take bloud from young horses upon very slight cause, & not to be over ready with Physick, but only in case of great necessity. The signes to know this Feaver from any other, are to looke into his mouth, and to draw forth his tongue, and you shall finde both his mouth and tongue raw, and mervailous hot, and having little appetite to meate, his flesh will consume, and waste, and seene loose, if you strike him with your hand upon the buttocks, the flesh thereof will quiver and quake, and he will be con­tinually subject to quaking and shaking all his whole body over: be­sides he will be very much inclined to sweate as hee standeth in the stable. The cure is. First to make this lotion for his mouth.

Take of running water or Well water two quarts, and put thereto of Sage, of Yarrow, of Ribwort, of Plantane, of Bramble-leaves, Feaver Hectique. and of Hony-suckle-leaves of each one handfull, with common Ho­ny one spoonefull, boyle all these to the consumption of one moye­ty, and a little before you take it from the fire, put to it the quantity of a wal-nut of Alume, and two spoonefull, of Vineger, when that is dissolved take it off, and drayne the water from the hearbs, or else slightly strayn it, which water you shall keepe for your use, and when you would wash his mouth therewith, fasten to a stick a ragge, and so wash his mouth and tongue twice or thrice a day, and this will make his mouth well againe; or else if you do wash his mouth with the sur­rop of Mulberries, it is very wholesome and good. ✚. After give him this drinke.

Take of Aloes, one ounce powdred, of Garlick halfe an ounce, Anniseeeds, and Licoris of each halfe an ounce, make first your A­loes, Anniseeds, and Licoris into fine powder, and after bruise your Garlick a little, putting thereto, of brown Sugar-Candy three ounce, in powder, and adde thereto of white Wine one pint, warme this, [Page 192] and so give it your horse, then let him bee ridden a little, and so set him up warme, and let him bee set upon the Trench three houres be­fore, and three houres after, and then eyther give him sweete Hay, or greene Corne, or the leaves of Sallowes, and towards night give him a sweete M [...]sh, and give him this drinke every other day, for three mornings, continuing him with Mashes or white water, and let his Oates bee very well sifted, and in short time, he will doe well a­gaine. ✚. With this receipt I have cured sundry horses, but then forget not to wash his mouth dayly with the aforesaid lotion. But if in all these severall Feavers, you do find him eyther to be costiue, or very hot in his body▪ then you may do well to administer that Clyster prescribed you, in lib. 2. chap. 6. §. 2. Clyster 2. letter C.

§. 12. F.

VVHat say you now [...] Feaver Pestilent?

It is a disease most contagious, for it is so malignant as that it will infect so many horses as be in the stable wher he standeth, and it proceedeth from one of these two causes, viz. eyther from an infectious ayre, or from the corruption of the bloud, inflamed by meanes of intemperate riding, and exercise. The signes are these, the horse will hang downe his head in the Manger, as if hee slept, his eyes will water very much, and Inflamations will arise at the roots of the Eares, as if he had the Vives.

The best cure I ever knew was this, with which I have cured ma­ny Horses visited with a Pestilent Feaver, Feaver Pestilent. first let him bleed well in the Neck veine, reserving the bloud in a cleane basin, which when it is cold will be very bad, and ill coloured, then wash his mouth with the loti­on, specified in the precedent §. secondly apply to the Temples this Playster.

Take of Camamile, of Goates-milke, of the Iuyce of Sage, of Sallet-oyle, of white Wine-vineger of each foure spoonfull, of red-rose-leaves dryed one handfull, which must be eyther of a red-rose cake, or otherwise red-rose leaves dryed, beat them all in a Morter, till they become of one body; and so thick, as that you may spread it playster-wise, upon a linnen cloath, then strew upon the Plaister two or three Nut-megges made into fine powder, then make it good and hot, putting the backside of the Plaister, into a Pewter dish, over a chaffing dish [...]nd coales, and so administer it warme to the Horse, and for his drinke, let it bee such water wherein have bin boyled violet leaves, Mallowes, and Sorrell, but if the fit doe hold him violent­ly, then.

Take of London Triacle three ounces, and dissolve it in Muska­dine one pint, and squeeze into it the iuyce of two or three good Le­mons, and so administer it with a horne: and this will presently put the fit from him, for the pres [...]nt. The nature of this Feaver is so ma­lignant, [Page 193] and so contagiously hot, as that it will furre the mouth excee­dingly, and cause ulcers and sores to breed in the mouth and throat: wherefore you shall doe the more carefully, if every day you doe look into his mouth, and if you can perceive it to be furred, and clam­my, then faile you not to wash his mouth and tongue, either with the syrope of Mulberries, or the lotion water taught you in the prece­dent Section: and if through his too great heat, you doe finde your horses body to be costive, then shall you administer this Clister.

Take of new milke, and of sallet oyle, of each halfe a pinte, and of the decoction of Mallowes, and of Violets, of each one pinte, adding thereto of Sene, one ounce, and of Century halfe an ounce, admini­ster this clister bloud warme, and by thus ordering your Horse, you will infallibly cure him of his feaver pestilent; for I my selfe have cu­red many, and I never failed in any one. ✚ Provided you do give him during the time of his physicke, continually morning and evening, either sweet Mashes, or white water, and be also dieted and ordered as is fitting for a Horse that is in physicke.

§. 13. F.

VVHat disease is that which of some is called the Flying-Worme?

This malady is the same which the French Marishals doe call ver-volant, which we in England doe call a Tetter or Ring worm, Ver vola [...] and by reason it runneth up and down the body upon the skinne, it is called by the name of the Flying-worme. It commeth by a heat in the bloud, whereby is ingendred a billious, sh [...]rp, or hot humour which breedeth to a Tetter or Ring-worme, but most commonly it seazeth the rumpe of the horse, running down all along the joynts, till it get in­to the tayle, where I have known it to remain so long, untill such time as it came to be a Canker: but yet sometimes again, it will seaze some fleshy part of the body of a horse, and so torment him through its continuall itching, as that the horse will (with frequent rubbing him­selfe against posts, pales, trees, and walles, &c. as also with his teeth (if he can come to the place) bring away the hayre, yea the skin and flesh also. And this disease many ignorant Ferries have taken to be nought else but the louse of a Hog, which to kill or destroy, they onely apply a little sope. But I have often known it to prove another thing, viz. a formall Ring-worme or Tetter: it is easily known by the falling away of the hayre, by reason of the horses continuall scrub­bing when it is in the fleshy part, but if it get into the joynt, betwixt the top of the rump and the tayle, then you shall know it by a kinde of scab, which you may with your finger feele, and if you scrape or pick it away, then will issue forth by little and little, a kinde of thin water, which being let long to run, will in time runne down into his tayle from joynt to joynt, and there become a Canker as I said before; [Page 194] wherefore to prevent this inconvenience, if the Tetter be in the joynt, then

Flying worme or T [...]tter.Take of Precipitat two drams, and put it into a small viall glasse, with faire water, much more then will cover the powder, keeping it close stopped, and with this water wash the place every day once, and it will infallibly cure it. And alwayes so soone as you have dres­sed the sorance with this water, and stopped it up again close, then shake it together, and so let it remaine untill its next dressing, which ought to be twice a day. But if the Tetter or Ring-worm be in any fleshy part, it is killed by bathing the sorance with the juyce of So­thern-wood, Maudlin, and Ru [...], of each like much, stamped toge­ther, and strained, and so let the place be washed and bathed there­with every day once or twice, till it be whole. ✚ I have thus cu­red many Tetters.

§ 14. F.

VVHat is good to keep a Horse that he be not tormented with Flyes?

These Flyes are a vermine which are more bold then wel­come to a Horse, for what by their buzzing, their biting, and sting­ing, they do infinitely annoy and afflict the poore beast, causing him many times to falter in his travell, and lose his pace, and most com­monly through his nodding and other evill postures and gestures, provoked by these flyes, they cause him so to fret, as to loose his rain and comely carriage of hi [...] body, whereby he hath bin much underva­lued; besides in his travell these Flyes doe so cause him to fret and fume, that he both overtoyleth himselfe in his way, causing him to sweat so much, as that he losing his mettle, hath many times thereby inflamed his bloud, and brought upon himself sicknesse, together with a cistemperature throughout his whole body. So likewise being at grasse, at what time the flye is too busie, they do provoke him to run, and to scope about, by which meanes he being many times very full, it causeth crudities and raw digestions to arise in his stomacke, which breedeth surfets, or other maladies, wherefore for prevention thereof,

Take the leaves of Gourdes, Pumpions, or wilde, or garden Cow­cumbers, stamp them, and strain them, and with the juyce thereof wash your horse all over, and the flyes will not come nigh him. ✚ Of this I have made often tryall. Another:

Take an Apple of Colliquintida, and slice or shred it into small pieces, and boyle it in [...]yle de Bay, and so annoynt your horse ther­with, and the flyes will not approach him. ✚ This is also good. Another:

Take Mallowes, stamp and strain them, and with the juyce there­of wash your horse, and it will keep away the flyes. ✚ This is an ap­proved [Page 195] good thing also. Another:

Take Verdegreece made into very fine powder, and boyle it in Vi­neger, and wash him therewith, being carefull that none get into his eyes or eares. ✚ This is the best and will last longest.

§ 15. F.

WHat is good to mollifie the foot of a Horse?

If your horse hath bin foundred, and that af­ter being cured, his soles and hoofes doe waxe dry and hard, they be either shrunk or in perill of shrinking, then first take off his shoes, and let him be pared somewhat close, but not too neere, which done, with Bee-waxe molten annoynt the soles with the said molten waxe, with a Goose-feather, and so set on his shooes againe, then three daies after

Take tryed Hogs-grease and Tarre, of each four ounces, Feet to mollifie. of fat Pitch, and of Turpentine, of each two ounces, melt and mixe all these together, and first stop his feet therewith, and after annoynt the coffin of the hoofes good and thicke with the same receit. And this is the best mollifier can be had in a cure of this nature. ✚ I have of­ten used it.

§ 16. F.

WHat remedy have you for the Figge in the foot of a Horse?

This disease is so called by reason of that naughty flesh which groweth upon the frush or heele, which is in like­nesse and shape of a figge, from whence this malady and sorance ta­keth its denomination, and the French also give it the very same Epi­theton, viz. la Figne, which signifieth a figge. It commeth by means of some hurt which the Horse hath formerly received in his foot (which was not well healed) by some nail, stub, thorn, bone, or stone, & oft times by some over-reach, upon the heele or frush. It is apparant to the eye, and therefore needs no other remonstrance. The cure is,

Cut away the hoofe so as there may be a convenient space betwixt the sole and the hoofe, Figge in t [...] foot. to the end the figge may the more easily be cu­red, then put to the sorance a piece of spunge which you must binde close upon the figge, which will eate it off to the very root, then heale up the sore with the green oyntment taught you in lib. 2 chap. 10. § 4. G. ✚ This I have found good. Another.

Cut away the figge close, either with your incision knife, or else burne it off with a hot iron (which is the better way) and so lay un­to it for two dayes after tryed Hogs grease to take away the fire.

Take then the tops of the most angry yong nettles you can finde, pound them very small, and so lay them upon a linnen cloth▪ just the bignesse of the figge, then take the powder of Verdegreece, and strew [Page 196] it upon the chopped nettles, (which must be done before you lay it to the sorance) and so binde it upon the sorance, renewing it every day once till the hoofe have covered the sore. ✚ This I doe know to be a most certain cure, for it never did faile me.

§ 17. F.

BVt now what say you to a Fistula? how doe you cure that?

A Fistula is a hollow ulcer which maketh its way crooked, proceeding oft times from naughty and malignant humours; sometimes it is ingendred from some wound which hath not bin well healed; sometimes it commeth by meanes of a stripe, which having been so strongly laid on, that it hath bruised the flesh to the bone, whereby it hath putrified inwardly, and either brake forth of it selfe, or was opened by the Ferrier, and thus it commeth to be a Fistula: sometimes it commeth by a wrench or pinch, with a Collar in drawing, or by being wrung by the tree of a bad saddle; and sometimes it ingendreth of its own accord by the meanes of peccant and bilious humours, which hath long lyen lurking in the body of the Horse. The signes how to know it are so manifest, as that it needeth not an Ecce. The way how to cure it, is to search to the bottome ei­ther with a probe of lead, or else with some other thing which will bend and yeeld which way soever the concavity of the sorance lea­deth it: and when you have found the bottome thereof, let it be ope­ned downwards, if it may possibly be done, to the end the corrupti­on may the better issue from the place, then taint it for two or three dayes with tryed Hogs-grease, thereby to cause the hole to be the wider, and then inject this water following:

Take of Sublimate, and of Precipi [...]at, of each so much as will lye upon a three pence, of Alume, and of white Coperas, of each three ounces, burn all these in an earthen pot, but first rub the bottom with a little oyle, that it may not burn there; this done, burne them all to­gether, then take of faire cleare water, two quarts, boyle this water first by it selfe, and scum it in the boyling, then take it from the fire, and put in as much of this powder as will lye upon a shilling at twice, and thus it is made. But if you be desirous to make this water of more strength and efficacy, take then faire water, and Coltrough or Smiths water, of each like much, and of white Wine Vineger a third part, and with the ashes of Ashen wood, make lye of them, with the wa­ter and Vineger, and so make your water with this powder and lye, and the former ingredients, according as before is taught you. Inject this water with a Syringe into the sorance, and in short time it will both kill the fistula, Fistula. and heale it up. ✚ This is a most approved and infallible cure. Another:

Take of the best honey one pinte, of Verdigreece one ounce, make it into fine powder, and so boyle them together upon a soft fire three [Page 197] quarters of an houre, that done, strain it into a gally pot, and so keep it for your use. ✚ This is a most pretious unguent wherewith to taint a fistula or poll evill, for it goeth down to the bottome, it eateth a­way all dead and evill flesh, whereby to cause that the carnifying flesh may heale the better. ✚ This I have often tryed. I have also another Aegiptiacum, which I make thus.

Take honey one pinte, white Wine Vineger, halfe a pinte, Allum three ounces, and Verdigreece finely powdered, one ounce and a halfe; boyle all these together, till it be thicke: this is a good Aegyp­tiacum. But if you desire to make it yet stronger, then put to these in­gredients of Mercury sublimate in fine powder one ounce, and of Arsnick three scruples powdred also, and so boyle them with the former ingredients. This last will kill any fistula or old ulcer what­soever being dressed therewith: but the other which is made onely of Vineger, Allum, and Verdigreece, may be applyed to a fistula in the mouth without prejudice to the Horse. ✚ Of both these I have made often tryall.

§. 18. F.

HAve you not some good water beside, wherewith to wash a Fistula or old sore?

I can give you a most excellent water which is this:

Take white Wine Vineger four pints, Fistula water. of Camphire and of Mer­cury-Precipitate, of each halfe an ounce, greene Treacle three oun­ces, red Sage, Yarrow, and Rib wort, of each one handfull, of Ho­ney, and of Hogs-grease, of each halfe a pound, boyle all these toge­ther untill the one halfe be consumed, and then strain it, and so wash and cleanse the wound with the liquor. X This is speciall good. Another no whit inferiour to the former.

Take of Coltrough water, four quarts, first boyle it by it selfe a good while, and scumme it so long as any scumme doth arise, then straine it through a fine cloth into a cleane pot, and throw away the grounds, which will be black and naught, then wash the Postnet cleane wherein it was boyled, and put in your water againe. Then take of white Coperas, of Allum and of Verdegreece, of each one pound, beat them all into fine powder, and put them into the water, and boyle them all together, and when it is boyled as much as will suffice, which will soon be done, let it stand to settle a while, then poure the cleare into a glasse, being first cold enough, and so keep it for your use. But the powder which remaineth in the bottome, you may dry and keep in a boxe by it selfe, for it will heale, and dry up any sore or ulcer. This water being injected with a syringe of wood or pewter, will cure any fistula whatsoever, if it may come to the bottome thereof. ✚ Of this water I have had great experience. But you must understand that these severall waters will onely kill the [Page 198] cankerous humour of the fistula, and therefore after the malice thereof is quelled, you must heale up the sorance with the green oyntment prescribed you in lib. 2▪ chap. 10. § 4. G. or else with some carnify­ing salve or unguent. Another:

Search the depth thereof with your Probe, as before is taught, you, but be certaine you finde the bottome, then if the bottome be where you may boldly make incision, do it, and that so wide, as that you may thrust in your finger, to feele whether any bone or gristle be perished, or whether there be any spungy, loose, dead, or proud flesh therein, which must first be gotten forth either by incision, or by corrosive; then take of common honey foure ounces, and of Ver­digreece one ounce, made into fine powder, boyle these together, keeping it alwaies boyling, and stirring it, till it look red, then with a taint of Hurds, taint it to the bottome, and make it so fast that it get not forth, and renew the taint every day once, till it have done mat­tering, making the taint every day shorter then other, and sprinckle upon it a little slaked Lime. But if you cannot come to taint it to the bottome of the fistula, then take strong Lye, Honey, Roch-Allum, white Mercury, of each as much as will suffice, and boyle them toge­ther, and inject it to the very bottome of the fistula, and it will kill it. ✚ But if the fistula be in the head, then

Take the juyce of Houseleeke, and dip a locke of blacke Wooll in­to it, and put the same into his eares, and so stitch them up, renewing it every day till it be whole. This cure hath been highly recommen­ded unto me, but I never had opportunity to make proofe thereof. Another:

Take Roman Vitreall, Roch-Allum, and Rose-water, of each two ounces, boyle all these on a quicke fire, till they come to be as hard as a stone, then beat it to fine powder, and when you dresse the sore, make a taint, which being dipped in unguentum Aegyptiacum, rowle then in this powder, and so convey the end of your taint down to the very bottome of the fistula. This is the best way also to cure a poll-evill, and this powder being laid upon an old sore, will both heale and dry it up. ✚ This I onely made twice proofe of, the first time to a fistula, and the second time to a poll-evill, both which cures I per­fected. But now you would gladly know how to ripen and breake a fistula, wherefore

Take Brooke-lime, Mallowes, Assmart, of each, like much, boyle them in old Chamberlye, till the hearbs be very soft, and apply these hearbs to the swelling, neither doe you renew it in two or three dayes, and then it will both ripen and breake any impostume. ✚ This I have often used, and found very good. And let this suffice for this malady.

§. 19. F.

NOw let us come to the Feete, how doe you cure the Fetlock being hurt?

If this sorance commeth by any wound, by the biting of a Dogge, or by being cast in a Halter, then the best way to cure the same, is.

Take unslaked lime, and the yelke of an Egge of each like much, Fetlock hurt. beat them together to a salve, or unguent, then mixe therewith the juyce of one head of Garlick, and a little soot, and with this annoint the sore till it be almost whole, then to skinne the same,

Take Sallet oyle, and oyle of Roses of each one ounce, of Turpentine three ounces, and of new waxe one ounce, melt them alto­gether, and adde to it a fourth part of the powder Verdegrease, and herewith annoynting the sore, in few dayes it will heale it, and skin it up very soundly. ✚. This is a very well approved Receipt. But if your horse have gotten a sore foot by meanes of any cannell-nayle, or bruise, by treading upon a stone, which after rankleth inwardly, or by other accident; then first rayle the skinne with your Cornet, and lay upon sorance, Wheate-flower and Bores-grease well incor­porate together, and dresse him therewith twice a day, for two daies together, and at the second dayes end,

Take the powder of Quick lime, Sope, and Tallow, and mixe them well together & for three dayes or more, apply it to the place, dressing it also twice a day, then wash the wound with hot Vineger, and put upon it Caprinell, till it be whole. This I nev [...]r tryed. Froathy o [...] weeping hoofe. But if the hoofe doe weepe, or froath by sending forth thinne, watry, or froathy stuffe, then open the toppe thereof with your Cornet, so as the wound may become hollow round about the extreamities there­of so farre forth as that you may come to the Master Keine to breake it in sunder, which done, let it bleed at pleasure, what it will, and when the Veine hath stanched, fill up the wound with Salt finely powdred, then take Hurds, and steepe them in Vineger, and so stop the wound therewith, and bind thereto a cloath to keepe the same from falling away, and it will cure it. ✚. But if the sole be hoofe, and in danger to fall away, draw it round twixt the sole and the hoofe with your drawing Iron, and so take out the so [...]e quite, and then suffer his foot to bleed well, then apply to it this Plaister.

Take the whites of Egges, and beate them a little, and so laying them upon Hurds, apply it to the foot, and bind it on that it fall not off, and let it remaine on so by the space of two dayes, which ended open it, and wash the foote with strong Vineger warmed, and then fill the sole with the powder of Salt and Tartar mixed together, and so bind it up with Hurds, steeped in strong Vineger, and thus dresse it till it be whole. These two Receipts were taught me by a famous [Page 200] Ferrier of Paris in France, but I never had occasion to make use of it, howbeit I esteeme them to be very good. But if your horse be foun­dred in the feet, and that he hath not bin foundred above foure daies, then with this ensuing Receipt you may easily set him upright, and make him sound againe in foure dayes more. The Cure is this.

Foundring in the feet.First, let him bloud in the Neck, Breast, and Spurre veines, and take from him of bloud two quarts, which you must receive in a Basin, or other cleane vessell, with which make this Charge as followeth.

Take the bloud, and put into it eight new laid Egges shels and all, beat them well with the bloud, put to it of Bole-armonacke in fine powder halfe a pound, strong white Wine-Vineger one pinte, San­guis Draconis three ounces, in fine powder, make this up with Wheate meale good and thicke so much as will suffice, with this, charge his Back, Reines, Breast Thighes, Fetlockes, and Soles, & spread two cloathes Plaister-wise, good and thick, and apply them to the Coffin of his Hoofes, and bind the fore-legges above the knees good and streight, with broad Filletting, or Listes, then Ride him two houres upon a hard way, which if it bee paved or pitched is the better, his feete having beene pared reasonable neere before hand, and when you doe bring him into the stable, let his feet be stopped with this Charge.

Take Rie, or Wheate-branne, Oxe or Cow-dunge, Sheepes-suet, Turpentine (which must be put in last) let your Sheepes-Suet, be of the fat of the loyne of Mutton, and minced very small, melt and heat all these upon the fire, and mixe them very well in the heating, and then put in your branne to make it into a stiffe paste, all which being through hot, then last of all put in your Turpentine, and so incorpo­rate all very well together, with this stop your horse, who being thus three or foure dayes charged, and stopped, ridden and kept warme, and not suffered to drinke cold water, but eyther Mashes, or white water, he will be sound in foure or six dayes ✚. This is a most excel­lent Receipt, for with it I have recovered many foundred horses. If it be a dry Foundring, especially with too long standing in the Sta­ble, then first pare him somewhat neere, and let him bleed well in the Toe-veines, then.

Take Egges and rost them blew hard, raked up in the hot embers, and together with the powder of Comin, stop his feete therewith so hot as they may be taken out of the embers, and put ouer the sole a peece of leather, with splents close, to keepe the Egs that they come not forth.

Take then a great Onion, pill and stampe it, and let it infuse or steepe foure and twenty houres together before, in the strongest white Wine-Vineger, you can get, so much as will suffice, so that it may bee in a readinesse, against you have stopped your horse, which [Page 201] must be given him to drinke with a horne fasting, and after let him bee warme covered, littered, let him stand upon the Trench three houres, and after that you may give him meate, and white water. ✚. This is a most approved good cure. If your horse have beene long foundred, as a month or better, to make a perfect cure, and to set him up sound againe, it is needfull the soles of his feet be taken out, by which meanes new and better will come in their roome, where­fore when you do intend to take them off, have in a readinesse these things, viz.

Take the tender tops of Isope three handfuls, Foundre [...] long. pound them to mash in a Morter, wherewith to stanch his bleeding, then have also further in a readinesse this receipt.

Take Snayles in the shels and breake the shels, so much as will suf­fice, and take forth the Snayles, and reserve them, then take Bay-salt one handfull, and of the tendrest tops of the angriest red-nettles you can find, two or three good handfull, beat them with your snailes and salt in a Morter to a very salve, then take out the sole, then pre­sently stanch the bleeding with your Isope, and so soone as the foote leaveth bleeding, apply to the foote your other Medicine, of Snayles, Salt and Nettles, and so bind up the foot with cloathes, and so let it remaine foure and twenty houres, then open it, and heale up the so­rance with your greene oyntment taught you in lib 2. chap. 10. §. 4. and within two dayes you shall see a new sole comming, ✚. This is right good.

But if hee bee foundred both in feete and body at once, Foundred the feet a [...] body. and the same time, as falleth out oftimes, through indiscreete and immoderate Ri­ding, by a most violent heat giuen him, whereby the bloud is become inflamed, and his grease molten, then first rake him, and give him the Clister prescribed you in lib. 2. chap. 11. §. 8. C. Clister 8. and the next day let him bloud in the neck veine to a good quantity, reser­ving the bloud, and keeping it from clotting, by continuall stirring, till it be cold; reserve I say of this bloud halfe a pint, by it selfe, to put into his drinke, and the residue keepe wherewith to make a charge; Now for his drinke let it be thus made.

Take of good Sack one pint, of the bloud you saved for his drinke halfe a pint, of London Triacle, and of Diapente, of each one spoon­full, and of mans-ordure warme as it commeth frō him, the quantity of a wall-nut, brew and mixe all these well together, and give it him to drinke bloud warme. This drinke thus given, Charge him with this Charge.

Take the residue of the bloud you kept, and put unto it twelve new-laid Egges with their shels, and beat them together, then put there­unto of Bole-armoniack in powder foure ounces, Vineger halfe a pint, Sanguis Draconis in powder three ounces, and with Wheate meale, thicken it to a convenient Charge. Charge his Backe, Breast, Loynes, Legges, and Feete herewith, both above and be­neath [Page 202] the knees, laying it on against the hayre. This done, then

Take unslaked-lime, & Orpiment, of each like much, q.s. & dissolve them in running water, and let it stand two good houres, and after it is thus prepared, take as much Matrosetum as will bring it to a thicke substance, which being made good and hot, annoynt the coffins of his hoofes therewith, especially about the cronets, and stop also the soles of his feet with the same medicine, and if you let him bloud in the toe-veynes well, it will be the better, and he will be the sooner, better, and sounder cured. ✚ This way I have cured two Horses foundred in the body and feet, never having applyed it but unto those two onely. But if your horse be hoofe-bound, then

Hoofe bounden.Take Turpentine and sheeps-suet, of each halfe a pound, Waxe a little, as much as will suffice, Sallet-oyle halfe a pinte, boyle all these together, but put in your Turpentine last, and as these boyle, keepe them with continuall stirring, and herewith annoynt his hoofes once a day well, or once in two dayes, and he will doe well. ✚ But if it be but an ordinary heat in the feet newly taken, then

Take Wheate bran and Hogs grease, and make them to a Poul­tesse, and apply it as well to the coffins, as the soles, and he will be well again. These two latter receits a worty Knight taught me, but as yet I never made use, but of the former, which I have found to be very good.

§. 20. F.

BVt yet Hipposerus, you have not shewed me how this mala­dy commeth.

That was but forgotten Sir, I will now therefore doe it. A foundring in the feet commeth evermore after great and over-vio­lent labour, whereby the whole body is become distempered, the peccant and malignant humours stirred, the bloud inflamed, and the grease molten, which falling down into his feet, there setleth, and in short time after, to wit, in 24 houres, the poor creature is hardly able to stand, or if he do, it is after a very feeble manner, holding his four feet together, so as you may easily with your hand throw him to the ground, besides he will stand trembling, quaking, and shaking, as if he had a shaking ague, nor would he stand at all, unlesse he be enfor­ced, for the soles and coffins of his feet will be so sore, his joynts and si­newes so stiffe and benummed, that he cannot stand but with very much anguish and paine: wherefore if he may have his minde, he would alwayes be lying, and his whole body will be distempered, and so much abound with heat, as rather to desire cold water, rather then meat, which if it be given him, then will he quake and quiver anew, and be in such pangs for the time, as that you would thinke he would assuredly dye. This disease commeth also to a Horse by being watered when he is very fat, and ridden till he do sweat, causing him [Page 203] to take sudden cold therewith: also after a great heat taken, to be set up without exercise upon the cold Planks, without litter, or to be washed, or walked after great labour, the Horse being very hot and ketty, (for this infirmity falleth most commonly upon fat Horses, but very seldome upon leane) also to water your Horse in shallow places, or waters where the water ascends not higher then his pasternes, by which meanes through the sudden coldnesse of the water at his feet, causeth the molten grease descending unto the feet, to cake and con­geale, which is the prime ground of this malady. And this not onely my selfe, but all the most perite Ferriers doe with an unanimous as­sent acknowledge. And therefore I doe admonish you and every man, who is the Horses friend,

First, to be very carefull not to exercise his Horse too soon after his 1 taking up from grasse.

Secondly, whilst he is very fat; that he doe not over-travaile, o­ver-labour, 2 or over-toyle him.

Thirdly, that having travelled hard, and to prevent his foundring, 3 let him be more gently ridden an houre before he commeth to his lodging, to the end he may be choole, and the more free from danger.

Fourthly, if one houre before you get to your lodging, you ride 4 him into some River, or other watring place up to the belly, (but not deeper) then water him by degrees, still betwixt every draught, stir­ring and removing him a little, it would not be amisse; but then so soon as you be come forth of the water, it were very good you did continue him in the same pace, going neither faster or slower, (like as I have before inculcated) it will be the better also, and your Horse out of danger of foundring.

Fifthly, forbeare evermore (especially if your Horse be heated) to 5 water him in any shallow place.

Sixthly, besides his being warme set up with litter enough, let him 6 have store of rubbing, as well of his legges as body, for it is a most wholesome thing, it dissolveth molten grease very much, and it doth dissiipate and send away bad humours.

Lastly, picking and stopping of his feet in time of journeying, and 7 after is very good and profitable. And thus have I shewed by what meanes this malady commeth to the Horse, howsoever many other wayes there are, which I have touched, by reason they are so vul­garly known to every man, and therefore your selfe cannot be igno­rant of them.

§. 21. F.

HOw doe you helpe the foundring in the body?

This commeth oft times by eating too much Provender whilst the Horse is yet very hot, suddenly given him after great labour, whereby his meate not being well digested, (from whence) doth occasion crudities, raw digestion, and the evill habit in and about the stomacke, whereby many ill humours are ingen­dred, which will soon be diffused throughout the whole body, by which meanes the very vigor and strength of the Horse becommeth to be much decayed, and in a manner quite lost, enfeebling every joynt and member in such wise, as to lose almost the use of going, and being once layd not able to rise again without helpe: nor can he either dung or stale, but with mickle paine; foundring in the body com­meth also sometimes, when by travelling and the horse very hot, you suffer him then to drink his fill of cold water, and after doe not give him exercise enough, which might warm the same in his belly, wher­fore it is most certain that the grease being molten, and the bloud infla­med, the humours being stirred and dissolved, will presently resort to its center, which if they once settle in the body, it must be in and a­bout the heart, if not, they then must down lower; to wit, either to the legges or feet, and there residing, ingender these and such like ma­ladies, whereof we have entreated, wherefore by eating and drink­ing out of its due season, begetteth an evill habit of the stomacke, so as if often times present cure be not had, the Horse becommeth de­sperate sicke, which sicknesse will mathematically usher in his death. Now the signes whereby to know when a Horse is foundred in his bo­dy, be these; the hayre will stare, and he will be very chill, he will shiver and shake after cold water, and whilst he is in drinking, the water some of it will issue out of his nose, and after two or three dayes, his legs will swell, especially his hinder legges, and after a while they will begin to pill, he will begin to have a dry cough at first, but after it will be more moyst, and then his eyes will water, and his nose runne with white flegmaticke stuffe, and he will forsake his meat, and his head will so much paine him, as that he will not be a­ble to hold it out of the manger, and seeme as if he were alwayes sleeping, &c.